Six isonitrogenous diets (420 g kg−1 crude protein on dry matter basis) with six levels of soybean meal (SBM) inclusion (0, 112, 225, 336, 449 and 560 kg−1) in substitution fish (0%, 20%, 40%, 60%, 80% 100%) were evaluated Chinese sucker 1.81 ± 0.01 initial weight for 8 weeks. There existed a significant difference (P < 0.001) gain, feed conversion ratio, intake, efficiency ratio specific growth rate when the replacement level was increased from 40% to indicating that up could be replaced...

A growth trial was conducted to estimate the optimum requirement of dietary available phosphorus (P) for Chinese sucker juveniles. Triplicate groups juveniles (initial mean weight: 1.77 ± 0.02 g, SD) were fed diets containing graded levels (3.1, 5.3, 7.5, 9.6 and 11.8 g kg−1) phosphorus. The basal diet (diet 1), 3.1 kg−1 P, supplemented with monocalcium phosphate formulate four experimental diets. fish twice daily (08:00 17:00 h) satiation 8 weeks. During period, water temperature fluctuated...

The study was designed to investigate the influence of fermented soybean meal (FSBM) on growth and feed utilization juvenile Chinese sucker, Myxocyprinus asiaticus. Seven isonitrogenous isolipidic diets were formulated with 0%, 15%, 25%, 35%, 45%, 55% or 65% replacement fish FSBM a protein basis. Each diet fed three replicate groups an initial weight 4.59 ± 0.2 g for 8 weeks. Weight gain (WG) specific rate (SGR) significantly lower when inclusion 391 kg−1 greater, replacing more than 45%...

Gastric dysmotility and gastric slow wave dysrhythmias have been well documented in patients with diabetes. However, little is known on the effect of hyperglycemia small intestine motility, such as intestinal waves, due to limited options measuring its activity. Moreover, food intake digestion process reported alter motility normal rats, but their roles that diabetic rats remains unknown. This study aimed explore myoelectrical activity (IMA) responses various meals rats. IMA was recorded via...

Pinellia ternata (Thunb.) Breit is a widely used medicinal herb in Traditional Chinese Medicine (TCM). Still, its sustainable cultivation threatened by continuous cropping obstacles, which disrupt soil ecosystems, reduce yield, and degrade quality. Objectives: This study explores the potential of microbial inoculants to mitigate these challenges through integrated metabolomic transcriptomic analyses. Methods: Soil samples from fields with without issues were compare effects on secondary...

A total of 630 juvenile Chinese sucker, with an average initial weight 1.72 ± 0.05 g, were fed seven diets for 56 days to study the effect dietary methionine levels on growth, feed utilization, body composition and haematological parameters sucker. Diet 1 using fish meal as sole protein source 2–7 fermented soybean intact sources supplemented crystalline amino acids contained six l-methionine ranging from 6.4 18.9 g kg−1 dry diet at a constant cystine level 3.7 kg−1. Each was randomly...

Synechogobius hasta has been identified as a species destined for diversification of Chinese marine aquaculture. In recent years, commercial farming this fish become increasing interest in northern China because its euryhalinity, rapid growth, good taste and high market value. At present, S. relies heavily on raw fish, resulting feed costs operation, well waste output – an increasingly important concern some regions due to the farm densities encountered. The development quality formulated...

An experiment was conducted to determine effects of feeding levels on growth performance, feed utilization, nutrient deposition, body composition and apparent digestibility coefficients (ADCs) nutrients for juvenile Chinese sucker (initial weight, 11.77±0.22 g). were fed a practical diet from 0% (starvation) 4.0% (at 0.5% increments) weight (bw) day−1 8 weeks. The results showed that ADCs dry matter, protein energy significantly (P<0.05) affected by levels. Survival the lowest starvation...

A growth experiment was conducted to investigate effect of dietary protein energy ratios on and body composition juvenile Myxocyprinus asiaticus (initial mean weight: 10.04 ± 0.53 g, SD). Nine practical diets were formulated contain three levels (340, 390 440 g kg−1), each with lipid (60, 100 140 in order produce a range P/E (from 22.4 32.8 mg kJ−1). Each diet randomly assigned triplicate groups 20 fish 400-L indoors flow-through circular fibre glass tanks provided sand-filtered aerated...

The rice field eel, Monopterus albus (Zuiew), is an important aquaculture fish in many Asian countries. Productivity, however, limited by low fecundity as a result of sex reversal female juveniles this fish. This study was conducted to investigate the effects estradiol valerate on process determining changes initial 2‐yr‐old eels (26.5 ± 2.6 cm, 21.9 2.1 g) treated with three concentrations valerate: 0 mg/kg (Control, Group A), 10 (Group B), and 50 C). In A, took place significantly higher...

A factorial (2 × 4) feeding trial was conducted to investigate the effects of frequency and partial replacement fish meal (FM) with soybean (SBM) on growth performance, feed utilization body proximate composition juvenile Chinese sucker. Two types including 30% FM (diet 1) SBM 2) were used. Triplicate groups (average weight, 11.80 ± 0.19 g) fed each type visual satiation at four meals per day, three two day one for 8 weeks. At end trial, survival not significantly different among treatments....

Abstract This study evaluated the temperature and photoperiod requirements of spawning in ovary-mature red swamp crayfish Procambarus clarkii examined feasibility inducing them by inexpensive practical, nonhormonal treatments. In a induction experiment lasting 20 d, four water gradients (12–14°C, 16–18°C, 20–22°C, 24–26°C) photoperiods (completely light [CL], 16 h light: 8 dark [16L:8D], 12 [12L:12D], completely [CD]) were evaluated. Spawning could be observed relatively broad range, from...

Apparent digestibility coefficients (ADCs) of dry matter, crude protein, lipid, energy, phosphorus and amino acids in white fish meal, soybean rapeseed meal peanut were determined for Synechogobius hasta (28.65 ± 0.43 g, mean SD), using a reference diet with chromic oxide indicator test diets that contained 70% diet, by weight, 30% feed ingredients. The juvenile S. held 300 L tanks at density 30 per tank respectively. Faeces collected from three replicate groups siphoning. ADCs matter energy...

This study was conducted to determine the dietary protein requirement for juvenile Chinese sucker, Myxocyprinus asiaticus. Six fishmeal-based experimental diets containing various crude levels ranging from 300 500 g kg−1 were fed triplicate groups of 20 fish each (initial weight 13.5 ± 1.1 g) 56 days at a temperature 28 1°C (tank size 400 × 45 40 cm, linked recirculation system). Survival not affected by level (overall survival 71 90%). Weight gain (WG) and specific growth rate (SGR)...

An 8-week feeding trial was conducted to quantify the dietary l-lysine requirement of juvenile Chinese sucker with an initial weight 1.81 ± 0.04 g reared in indoor flow-through and aerated tanks. Six isonitrogenous isoenergetic practical diets were formulated contain graded levels lysine (1.23%, 1.80%, 2.39%, 2.98%, 3.56% 4.18% dry matter) at 0.6% increments from ingredients crystalline l-lysine. Each diet randomly assigned triplicate groups 30 fish each fed apparent satiation by hand three...

Two feeding experiments were conducted to evaluate the potential of fermented soybean meal (FSBM), corn gluten (CGM) and cottonseed (CSM) with or without lysine (L) iron (Fe) replace fish (FM) in practical diets juvenile Chinese sucker. In experiment I, four experimental (430 g kg−1 crude protein on dry matter basis) formulated. Diet containing FM as main source was used a control (Diet 1). Diets 2–4 had 300 replaced FSBM, CGM CSM supplement. Fish (average weight, 1.82 ± 0.01 g) hand-fed...

We investigated the effects of low dietary protein in isocaloric diets on sex reversal Monopterus albus by evaluating oestradiol (E2) and testosterone (T) concentrations, gonadosomatic index (GSI), ratio gonad structure at histological level. Fish (9.50 ± 1.50 g average initial weight; n=3 per group) were fed with five practical containing 100, 150, 200, 250 or 400 kg−1 crude to apparent satiation for 15 months. Serum E2 T concentrations determined radioimmunoassays. GSI significantly...

Abstract Background Treatment options for abdominal pain in IBS are inadequate. TEA was reported effective treatment of disorders gut–brain interaction but its mechanism action and optimal delivery method treating unknown. This study aims to determine the most parameter location treat patients with IBS‐Constipation delineate effect on rectal sensation autonomic function. Methods Nineteen IBS‐C underwent at acupoints ST36 (leg), PC6 (wrist), or sham‐acupoint. Each patient studied five...

Abstract This study was conducted to determine the ontogenetic development of digestive tract and its accessory structures (liver, pancreas, gall bladder) in agastric larval Chinese sucker Myxocyprinus asiaticus with histological ultrastructural approaches from hatching 56 days after ( DAH ). On basis feeding mode, analyzing main features system, divided into three stages hatching: stage 1 (endotrophic period): 1–6 ; 2 (endoexotrophic 7–14 3 (exclusively exotrophic 15 onward. At hatching,...