A5021902174- Atmospheric Ozone and Climate
- Atmospheric chemistry and aerosols
- Atmospheric and Environmental Gas Dynamics
- Air Quality Monitoring and Forecasting
- Earthquake Detection and Analysis
- Isotope Analysis in Ecology
- Atmospheric aerosols and clouds
- Ionosphere and magnetosphere dynamics
- Geophysics and Gravity Measurements
- Air Quality and Health Impacts
- Impact of Light on Environment and Health
- Spectroscopy and Laser Applications
- Marine and coastal ecosystems
Max Planck Institute for Chemistry
2023-2025
Heidelberg University
2020-2024
Abstract New particle formation (NPF) in the tropical upper troposphere is a globally important source of atmospheric aerosols 1–4 . It known to occur over Amazon basin, but nucleation mechanism and chemical precursors have yet be identified 2 Here we present comprehensive situ aircraft measurements showing that extremely low-volatile oxidation products isoprene, particularly certain organonitrates, drive NPF Amazonian troposphere. The organonitrates originate from OH-initiated isoprene...
Isoprene, the most abundantly volatile organic compound (VOC), plays a significant role in atmospheric chemistry, particularly upper troposphere. In tropics, it is emitted large quantities by rainforests. Driven prevailing high solar radiation, temperature, and humidity, Isoprene rich air transported from boundary layer to troposphere deep convective systems. Without nighttime photo-oxidation, isoprene can accumulate this region, where reacts with hydroxyl radicals during day, contributing...
For several decades intense new particle formation (NPF) events have been observed by aircraft measurements in the upper tropical troposphere (UTT) (Brock et al. 1995, Weigel 2011, Williamson 2019). These typically occur above 8 km altitude outflow of mesoscale convective systems. The resulting particles can grow further and be transported downwards where they enhance cloud condensation nuclei (CCN) levels over large geographic areas tropics. However, chemical mechanism driving these...
Abstract. We report on a novel, medium weight (∼ 25 kg) optical spectrometer coupled to an automated sun tracker 12 for direct observations from azimuth controlled balloon platforms. It is designed measure suite of UV/vis absorbing gases (O3, NO2, BrO, OClO, HONO and IO) relevant in the context stratospheric ozone depletion using DOAS method. Here, we describe design major features instrument. Further, instrument’s performance during two deployments Esrange/Kiruna (Sweden) 21 August 2021...
The campaign Chemistry of the Atmosphere Field Experiment (CAFE) Brazil was conducted in Amazon rainforest December 2022 and January 2023 to study new particle formation outflow convective systems over rainforest. In framework this campaign, photochemical aerosol processes tropical troposphere were investigated at different altitudes from boundary layer up 14 km using High Altitude Long Range Research Aircraft (HALO).The HydrOxyl Radical measurement Unit based on fluorescence Spectroscopy...
In the tropics, intense solar radiation drives photochemistry and strong convection, transporting air from boundary layer to upper troposphere. Conditions in tropics are characterized by high humidity UV intensity enhancing hydroxyl (OH) radical production. addition, OH radicals ozone (O3) formed through reactions of HOx (OH + HO2) with nitrogen oxides (NOx), latter being produced lightning abundant convective systems. The convection also transports volatile organic compounds (VOCs), notably...
Abstract. We report on a novel, medium-weight (∼ 25 kg) optical spectrometer coupled to an automated sun tracker for direct observations from azimuth-controlled balloon platforms weighing approximately 12 kg. It is designed measure suite of UV–Vis absorbing gases relevant in the context stratospheric ozone depletion using differential absorption spectroscopy (DOAS) method, i.e. O3, NO2, BrO, OClO, HONO, and IO. Here, we describe design major features instrument. Further, instrument's...
Halogenated organic and inorganic compounds, in particular those containing chlorine, bromine iodine are known to contribute the global ozone depletion as well directly indirectly climate forcing. As a result of Montreal Protocol (1987), chlorine loadings stratosphere closely monitored, while role iodinated compounds stratospheric photochemistry is still uncertain.To address questions concerning compact solar occultation instrument (TotalBrO) has been specifically designed measure BrO, IO...
<div> <div>Precise knowledge of sources and sinks in the carbon cycle is desired to understand its sensitivity climate change, account verify man-made emissions. An important role herein play extended like urban areas. While in-situ measurements dioxide (CO<sub>2</sub>) and methane (CH<sub>4</sub>) are highly accurate but localized, satellites measure column-integrated...
<p>Spectroscopic direct sun remote sensing of the atmosphere offers an essential tool for validation models and satellite observations as well monitoring emissions. Validation missions greenhouse gas satellites are to improve performances products, thereby gaining a better understanding dynamics between sources sinks. Furthermore, ozone-depleting substances is vital contribution observe progress in restoring ozone layer. A high tracking precision particular measuring...
<p>Spectroscopic remote sensing in solar occultation geometry offers an important tool for determining atmospheric trace gas concentrations the middle atmosphere. Monitoring ozone-depleting substances such as halogen oxides is essential to watch ozone layer throughout a changing climate. The new TotalBrO instrument consists of active tracker (LxWxH ~ 0.40 x 0.50 m, weight 12 kg) and spectrometer unit 0.45 25 with two temperature-stabilized grating spectrometers UV/visible...
<p>Spectroscopic direct sun remote sensing of the atmosphere offers an essential tool for determining atmospheric trace gas concentrations. The monitoring ozone-depleting substances, such as halogen oxides in middle atmosphere, contributes to observing progress restoring ozone layer.</p><p>Here, we present a new compact solar occultation spectrometer UV/visible spectral range that can be mounted on stratospheric balloons deployed within European...
<p>Validation opportunities for model data and satellite observations in the short-wave infra-red spectral range climate monitoring are still sparse above oceans. Klappenbach et al. (2015) Knapp (2020) developed a ship-borne setup of Fourier-transform spectrometer (EM27/SUN FTS) direct sunlight on mobile platforms such as ships or pick-ups. The housing withstands oceanic on-deck-conditions is equipped with custom-built fast solar tracker. tested system ship cruise from...