A5033012076- Avian ecology and behavior
- Animal Behavior and Reproduction
- Genetic diversity and population structure
- Wildlife Ecology and Conservation
- Bird parasitology and diseases
- Plant and animal studies
- Genomics and Phylogenetic Studies
- Ecology and Vegetation Dynamics Studies
- Species Distribution and Climate Change
- Evolution and Paleontology Studies
- Marine animal studies overview
- Genetic and phenotypic traits in livestock
- Animal Vocal Communication and Behavior
- Morphological variations and asymmetry
- Wildlife-Road Interactions and Conservation
- UAV Applications and Optimization
- Paleontology and Evolutionary Biology
- Genetic and Clinical Aspects of Sex Determination and Chromosomal Abnormalities
- Pleistocene-Era Hominins and Archaeology
- Ecology and biodiversity studies
- Mass Spectrometry Techniques and Applications
- melanin and skin pigmentation
- Advanced Proteomics Techniques and Applications
- Insect and Pesticide Research
- Economic and Fiscal Studies
Palacký University Olomouc
2005-2024
Uppsala University
2007
Netherlands Institute of Ecology
2007
University of Oslo
2007
Cornell University
2007
Speciation is a continuous process during which genetic changes gradually accumulate in the genomes of diverging species. Recent studies have documented highly heterogeneous differentiation landscapes, with distinct regions elevated ("differentiation islands") widespread across genomes. However, it remains unclear processes drive evolution islands; how landscape evolves as speciation advances; and ultimately, islands are related to speciation. Here, we addressed these questions based on...
Interbreeding between species (hybridization) typically produces unfit offspring. Reduced hybridization should therefore be favored by natural selection. However, this is difficult to accomplish because also sets the stage for genetic recombination dissociate species-specific traits from preferences them. Here we show that association maintained physical linkage (on same chromosome) in two hybridizing Ficedula flycatchers. By analyzing mating patterns of female hybrids and cross-fostered...
Abstract The typically repetitive nature of the sex-limited chromosome means that it is often excluded from or poorly covered in genome assemblies, hindering studies evolutionary and population genomic processes non-recombining chromosomes. Here, we present a draft assembly region collared flycatcher W chromosome, containing 46 genes without evidence female-specific functional differentiation. Survival during degeneration has been highly non-random expression data suggest this can be...
Abstract The theory of reinforcement predicts that natural selection against the production unfit hybrids favours traits increase assortative mating. Whether culturally inherited traits, such as bird song, can mating by is largely unknown. We compared songs pied (Ficedula hypoleuca) and collared flycatchers (F. albicollis) from two hybrid zones different ages with allopatric populations. Previously, a character divergence in male plumage has been shown to reinforce premating isolation...
The pied flycatcher is one of the most phenotypically variable bird species in Europe. geographic variation phenotypes has often been attributed to spatial selection regimes that associated with presence or absence congeneric collared flycatcher. Spatial could however also be generated by spatially restricted gene flow and genetic drift. We examined population structure flycatchers across breeding range applied phenotypic Q(ST) (P(ST))-F(ST) approach detect indirect signals divergent on...
Archaeopteryx is an iconic fossil taxon with feathered wings from the Late Jurassic of Germany that occupies a crucial position for understanding early evolution avian flight. After over 150 years study, its mosaic anatomy unifying characters both non-flying dinosaurs and flying birds has remained challenging to interpret in locomotory context. Here, we compare new data three specimens obtained through phase-contrast synchrotron microtomography representative sample archosaurs employing...
The growing availability of virtual cranial endocasts extinct and extant vertebrates has fueled the quest for endocranial characters that discriminate between phylogenetic groups resolve their neural significances. We used geometric morphometrics to compare a phylogenetically ecologically comprehensive data set archosaurian along deep evolutionary history modern birds found this lineage experienced progressive elevation encephalisation through several chapters increased doming we demonstrate...
Abstract Breeding data for pied flycatchers Ficedula hypoleuca and collared F. albicollis , from 47 localities in the Czech Republic Slovakia, were analysed. We show that co‐existence hybridization mainly restricted to a rather narrow, latitudinal cline. The distribution of two coincides with topography habitat, dominating warmer habitats than flycatchers. Maintained within same locality was exception rule most matings occurred allopatry. In sympatry at frequency much lower expected random...
When mating between members of differentiated populations results in the production unfit hybrids, selection may favour mechanisms that reduce probability interbreeding. One such mechanism is a mate preference for own type. Hybridisation sympatric Pied Flycatchers Ficedula hypoleuca and Collared albicollis, occurs less frequently than expected from random hybrids have very low fertility. In two aviary experiments we tested hypothesis males females prefer to conspecifically. First, had...
The African Odyssey project focuses on studying the migration of black stork Ciconia nigra breeding at a migratory divide. In 1995–2001, total 18 storks in Czech Republic were equipped with satellite (PTT) and VHF transmitters. Of them, 11 birds tracked during least one season three repeatedly. migrated either across western or eastern Europe to spend winter tropical west east Africa, respectively. One juveniles made an intermediate route through Italy where it was shot first autumn...
Abstract Across animal taxa, reproductive success is generally more variable and strongly dependent upon body condition for males than females; in such cases, parents able to produce offspring above‐average are predicted sons, whereas unable good should daughters. We tested this hypothesis the collared flycatcher ( Ficedula albicollis ) by cross‐fostering eggs among nests using of foster young that raised fledging as a functional measure their ability fit offspring. As predicted, females...
Abstract Geographic variation in phenotypes plays a key role fundamental evolutionary processes such as local adaptation, population differentiation and speciation, but the selective forces behind it are rarely known. We found support for hypothesis that geographic plumage traits of pied flycatcher Ficedula hypoleuca is explained by character displacement with collared albicollis contact zone. The differed strongly from more conspicuous sympatric area increased conspicuousness increasing...
The food composition, prey size, quantity of prey, feeding frequency and diurnal pattern in the chicks Black Stork (Ciconia nigra) were studied six nests Czech Republic during breeding seasons 1998-2003. Video cameras used to record brought nests. Regurgitations pellets also analyzed. In total, 474 items collected. Aquatic animals, mainly fish, prevailed nestlings' diet. Six species undetermined frogs snakes, two mammal eight insect found. Adults provisioned their young nestlings with...
Local environmental and ecological conditions are commonly expected to result in local adaptation, although there few examples of variation phenotypic selection across continent-wide spatial scales. We collected standardized data on with respect the highly variable plumage coloration pied flycatcher (Ficedula hypoleuca Pall.) males from 17 populations species' breeding range. The observed multiple male traits via annual number fledged young was generally relatively weak. main aim present...
Abstract Capsule Three similarly sized passerine species with various breeding strategies behaved differently in the presence of models mammalian and avian predators. Aims We tested whether solitary breeders behave a predator order to avoid disclosing their nest site in: hole-nesting Pied Flycatcher Ficedula hypoleuca, shrub-nesting Blackcap Sylvia atricapilla ground-nesting Meadow Pipit Anthus pratensis. Methods The behaviour parents response two types model (visually oriented Corvid birds...
Calcium availability might limit reproductive output in birds either by effects on eggshell formation or skeletal growth of nestlings. Quantitative data calcium intake nestlings free‐living passerines are needed to test the second hypothesis. In an acidified area Jeseníky Mountains (Czech Republic), estimates were made requirements and Meadow Pipit Anthus pratensis during nestling period. Analyses diet, determined neck ligatures, showed that only snail shells important source calcium. During...