Objective: Mental illness is consistently underrecognized in general health care, which may lead to underestimation of its effects on awards for social security payments. The authors investigated empirically the contribution psychiatric morbidity award disability pensions, particular those awarded physical diagnoses. Method: Using a historical cohort design, utilized unique link between large epidemiological study and comprehensive national database. Baseline information mental was gathered...

Smoking is reported to be associated with depression and anxiety. The present study (a) examines these associations taking comorbidity into account, (b) investigates possible confounders, (c) how former smokers compared current never-smokers in terms of anxiety depression, if decline by time since cessation. Participants (66%) aged 20-89 years a population-based health survey (N=60,814) were screened employing the HADS. association smoking was strongest comorbid followed anxiety, only...

"Health Behaviour in Schoolchildren. A WHO Cross-National Survey" was started by researchers from three European countries. Presently, more than 10 countries within the region of are accepted as members project. The study is oriented towards behavioural and social science, its basic philosophy described a lifestyle approach. In first part this article, differences between traditional epidemiological research outlined. concept "lifestyle" clarified, focuses lifestyle, health promotion...

The aim of this study was to describe sleep patterns and rate insomnia according diagnostic criteria in college university students, as well examine potential changes problems from 2010 2018. Data stemmed a national student health survey 2018 for higher education Norway (the SHoT study), which invited all 162,512 fulltime students Norway. A total 50,054 (69.1% women) aged 18-35 years were included, yielding response 30.8%. Sleep parameters, reported separately weekdays weekends, included...

Results from previous studies examining the dimensionality and factorial invariance of Satisfaction with Life Scale (SWLS) are inconsistent often based on small samples. This study examines structure SWLS in a Norwegian sample.Confirmatory factor analysis (AMOS) was conducted to explore test for measurement structure, loadings, intercepts, residual variance across gender four age groups large (N = 4,984), nationally representative sample men women (15-79 years).The data supported modified...

Abstract Background An increase in reported psychological distress, particularly among adolescent girls, is observed across a range of countries. Whether similar trend exists students higher education remains unknown. The aim the current study was to describe trends self-reported distress Norwegian college and university from 2010 2018. Methods We employed data Students' Health Wellbeing Study (SHoT), nationwide survey for Norway including full-time aged 18–34. Numbers participants...

Young South Africans, especially women, are at high risk of HIV. We evaluated the effects PREPARE, a multi-component, school-based HIV prevention intervention to delay sexual debut, increase condom use and decrease intimate partner violence (IPV) among young adolescents. conducted cluster RCT Grade eights in 42 schools. The comprised education sessions, school health service programme. Participants completed questionnaires baseline, 6 12 months. Regression was undertaken provide ORs or...

Objective: Mental illness is consistently underrecognized in general health care, which may lead to underestimation of its effects on awards for social security payments. The authors investigated empirically the contribution psychiatric morbidity award disability pensions, particular those awarded physical diagnoses. Method: Using a historical cohort design, utilized unique link between large epidemiological study and comprehensive national database. Baseline information mental was gathered...

Aims: The aim of this study is to investigate dimensional structures in subjective health complaints adolescents and examine the variation levels dimensionality across gender age groups. Methods: Data from two studies were used: (1) a based on convenience sample, consisting 1427 Norwegian students (11- 15-year-olds) schools participating European Network Health Promoting Schools; (2) nationwide survey amongst 7,059 (aged 11, 13, 15, 16) Behaviour School-aged Children (HBSC) study. Subjective...

Communicative and motor development is frequently found to be associated. In the current study we investigate what extent communication skills at 1½ years predict in same domains 3 of age.This based on Norwegian Mother Child Cohort Study (MoBa) conducted by Institute Public Heath. Data stem from 62,944 children their mothers. Mothers completed questionnaires child's ages 3. Associations between were estimated a cross-lagged model with latent variables.Early correlated early (0.72). Stability...

Music therapy (MT) has been shown to be efficacious for mental health care clients with various disorders such as schizophrenia, depression and substance abuse. Referral MT in clinical practice is often based on other factors than diagnosis. We aimed examine the effectiveness of resource-oriented low motivation therapies.This was a pragmatic parallel trial. In specialised centres Norway, Austria Australia, 144 adults non-organic were randomised 3 months biweekly individual, plus treatment...

Mental well-being is an important, yet understudied, area of research, partly due to lack appropriate population-based measures. The Warwick-Edinburgh Well-being Scale (WEMWBS) was developed meet the needs for such a measure. This article assesses psychometric properties Norwegian version WEMWBS, and its short-version (SWEMWBS) among sample primary health care patients who participated in evaluation Prompt Health Care (PMHC), novel mental program aimed increase access treatment anxiety...

The association between depression and smoking is firmly established, but how the develops remains unclear. aim of this study was to examine development smoking-depression from early adolescence adulthood.Cross-sectional longitudinal analyses adulthood.Hordaland, Norway.A cohort adolescents (initially, 924 pupils) in Norwegian Longitudinal Health Behaviour Study (NLHB) followed over nine data collection waves ages 13 30 years.Daily depressed mood were measured each wave.In cross-sectional...

Introduction: The temporal relationship between symptoms and functioning in the context of cognitive behavioral therapy (CBT) for anxiety depression is not fully understood, there are few high-quality studies that have examined to what extent late intervention effects CBT on mediated by initial while accounting vice versa. Objective: aim study was investigate whether at 12-month follow-up were these outcomes 6-month follow-up. Methods: Participants with and/or mild-to-moderate randomly...

Action to prevent the spread of HIV among young people in Sub-Saharan Africa is needed urgently. In order be effective, such action should theory and evidence based carefully adapted local cultures contexts. The present article describes organization, theoretical basis, methodological approach a project that aims at developing evaluating school-based interventions targeting adolescents aged 12-14 years.Researchers from European African universities have developed were conducted three sites:...

In this article, we describe the short-term reactions of third out 3 consecutive mass media campaigns in Norway that used provocative emotional appeals to prevent onset smoking among adolescents. We hypothesized using would create a discussion adolescents and entire process including interpersonal communication might influence behavior. The campaign consisted different newspaper advertisements, 1 poster, television movie spot. study population all ages 17 18 county Norway. A questionnaire,...

Aims: To identify with whom in-school adolescents preferred to communicate about sexuality, and study adolescents' communication on HIV/AIDS, abstinence condoms parents/guardians, other adult family members, teachers. Methods: Data were obtained from a baseline questionnaire survey carried out in South Africa (Cape Town Mankweng) Tanzania (Dar es Salaam) early 2004. We analysed data for 14,944 80 randomly selected schools. The mean ages as follows: Cape Town, 13.38 years (standard deviation...

Aims: To test the applicability of an extended version theory planned behaviour for study condom use intentions among large samples young people in South Africa and Tanzania. Methods: Baseline data a randomized controlled trial school-based HIV/AIDS prevention programmes were used. The setting comprised secondary schools regions Cape Town, Polokwane Dar es Salaam. Participants 15,782 school students. main measures scales intentions, knowledge, risk perceptions, attitudes, perceived social...

In this study, the effects on young adolescent sexual risk behaviour of teacher-led school HIV prevention programmes were examined in two sites South Africa (Cape Town and Mankweng) one site Tanzania (Dar es Salaam). Cape Town, Dar Salaam Mankweng, 26, 24 30 schools, respectively, randomly allocated to intervention or comparison groups. Primary outcomes delayed debut condom use among adolescents aged 12-14 years (grade 8 grades 5 6 Tanzania). total, 5352, 4197 2590 students participated at...