A5074890349- Adolescent Sexual and Reproductive Health
- HIV/AIDS Research and Interventions
- Maternal Mental Health During Pregnancy and Postpartum
- Poverty, Education, and Child Welfare
- Global Maternal and Child Health
- Mental Health Treatment and Access
- Child and Adolescent Psychosocial and Emotional Development
- HIV, Drug Use, Sexual Risk
- Intimate Partner and Family Violence
- Schizophrenia research and treatment
- HIV/AIDS Impact and Responses
- Adolescent and Pediatric Healthcare
- HIV-related health complications and treatments
- Family Caregiving in Mental Illness
- Sex work and related issues
- Food Security and Health in Diverse Populations
- HIV Research and Treatment
- Migration, Health and Trauma
- Community Health and Development
- Health disparities and outcomes
- Child Abuse and Trauma
- Optimism, Hope, and Well-being
- Bipolar Disorder and Treatment
- Suicide and Self-Harm Studies
- Digital Mental Health Interventions
Muhimbili University of Health and Allied Sciences
2016-2025
University of Basel
2023
Millennium Institute for Research in Depression and Personality
2023
Millennium Institute
2023
University of Zurich
2023
University of Houston
2022
Addis Ababa University
2022
American Jewish Committee
2020
Conference Board
2020
Muhimbili Orthopaedic Institute
2017
Background Individuals living with HIV/AIDS in sub-Saharan Africa generally take more than 90% of prescribed doses antiretroviral therapy (ART). This number exceeds the levels adherence observed North America and dispels early scale-up concerns that would be inadequate settings extreme poverty. paper offers an explanation theoretical model ART success based on results ethnographic study three African countries. Methods Findings Determinants for HIV-infected persons were examined research...
Background The rollout of antiretroviral therapy in sub-Saharan Africa has brought lifesaving treatment to millions HIV-infected individuals. Treatment is lifelong, however, and continue benefit, patients must remain care. Despite this, systematic investigations retention have repeatedly documented high rates loss follow-up from HIV programs. This paper introduces an explanation for missed clinic visits subsequent disengagement among enrolled care programs Africa. Methods Findings...
Objectives To examine the socio-demographic and behavioral factors predictive of women's disclosure an HIV-positive test result in Dar es Salaam, Tanzania. Design From April 1995 to May 2000, 1078 pregnant women participated ongoing randomized trial on micronutrients HIV-1 vertical transmission progression. Disclosure a partner or female relative was assessed 2 months after post-test counseling at 6 monthly follow-up visits. Socio-demographic, health, psychological were measured baseline...
The effect of depression on HIV disease progression was examined among 996 HIV-positive Tanzanian women participating in a trial micronutrients and pregnancy outcomes, vertical transmission, progression. Depression social support were measured 2 months after screening every 6 to 12 thereafter. measures from more than postpartum included this analysis. Participants' clinical condition access supportive individual or group counseling assessed throughout the 8 years follow-up. Cox proportional...
Objective: To validate the Hopkins Symptom Checklist‐25 (HSCL‐25) for use as a depression screen amongst human immuno‐deficiency virus (HIV) positive pregnant women. Method: Amongst 903 (mean age 24.8 years) HIV‐positive women, two‐phased design included measures health‐related quality of life, perceived social support, and HSCL‐25 depressive (HSCL‐15 subscale) anxiety symptoms. The Structured Clinical Interview DSM‐IV (SCID) was independently administered on stratified random subsample....
In the fourth article of a five-part series providing global perspective on integrating mental health, Sylvia Kaaya and colleagues discuss importance health interventions into HIV prevention treatment platforms. Please see later in for Editors' Summary
To determine the impact of intimate partner violence against women on children's growth and nutritional status in low- middle-income countries.
AbstractThe objective of the study was to assess effectiveness group counseling, using a problem-solving therapy approach, on reducing depressive symptoms and increasing prenatal disclosure rates HIV status among HIV-positive pregnant women living in Dar es Salaam, Tanzania. A randomized controlled trial performed comparing six-week structured nurse–midwife facilitated psychosocial support with standard care. Sixty percent intervention were depressed post-intervention, versus 73% control...
We explored the masculinity norms shaping transitions through puberty in rural and urban Tanzania how these their social-ecological context contribute to high-risk health behaviors. conducted a qualitative case study of adolescent boys out school 2011 2012. Tanzania’s social economic development is reshaping transition into young manhood. Adolescent are losing traditional mechanisms pubertal guidance, new meanings manhood arising from globalization. Traditional norms, including pressures...
This study aimed to determine the burden of depression, suicidal ideation and behaviour amongst adolescents at sites in six sub-Saharan African countries examine associated risk protective factors.Household-based cross-sectional involving male female ages 10-19 years. A total 7,662 from eight participated survey. Three were urban: Dar es Salaam (Tanzania), Harar (Ethiopia) Ibadan (Nigeria); five rural: Dodoma Iganga/Mayuge (Uganda), Kersa (Ethiopia), Ningo Prampram (Ghana) Nouna (Burkina...
BACKGROUND: Evidence on the relationship between maternal depression and exposure to intimate partner violence (IPV) with child physical growth development is equivocal. Our aim in current study examine these relationships among women their children Tanzania. METHODS: The Bayley Scales of Infant Development anthropometric measures were used assess 18 36 months age (n = 1031). Maternal IPV assessed using Tanzania Demographic Health Survey questionnaire Patient Questionnaire-9, respectively....
Action to prevent the spread of HIV among young people in Sub-Saharan Africa is needed urgently. In order be effective, such action should theory and evidence based carefully adapted local cultures contexts. The present article describes organization, theoretical basis, methodological approach a project that aims at developing evaluating school-based interventions targeting adolescents aged 12-14 years.Researchers from European African universities have developed were conducted three sites:...
Abstract HIV/AIDS is associated with significant mental health morbidity in high-income countries, and depression has been linked faster disease progression reduced drug adherence. However, research on scarce sub-Saharan Africa where infection levels are highest. This cross-sectional study of 220 HIV-positive outpatients at a dedicated Tanzanian care centre assessed sociodemographics, clinical variables prevalence ICD-10 common diagnoses via standardised psychiatric questionnaire (the...
Aims: To identify with whom in-school adolescents preferred to communicate about sexuality, and study adolescents' communication on HIV/AIDS, abstinence condoms parents/guardians, other adult family members, teachers. Methods: Data were obtained from a baseline questionnaire survey carried out in South Africa (Cape Town Mankweng) Tanzania (Dar es Salaam) early 2004. We analysed data for 14,944 80 randomly selected schools. The mean ages as follows: Cape Town, 13.38 years (standard deviation...
Background: Assessment of the growing prevalence depression in developing countries is hampered by a lack valid diagnostic instruments for local settings. Aim and method: This study attempted to examine validity 25-item Hopkins Symptom Checklist (HSCL-25) special primary care population Dar es Salaam, Tanzania. Results: 787 antenatal participants were recruited, their responses revealed good internal consistency, interrater reliability, test-retest scale was validated using content,...
Depression during pregnancy may negatively influence social functioning, birth outcomes and postnatal mental health. A cross-sectional analysis of the baseline survey a prospective study was undertaken with an objective determining prevalence socio-demographic factors associated depressive morbidity in Tanzanian peri-urban setting. Seven hundred eighty seven second to third trimester pregnant women were recruited at booking for antenatal care two primary health clinics. Prenatal structured...
Aims: To test the applicability of an extended version theory planned behaviour for study condom use intentions among large samples young people in South Africa and Tanzania. Methods: Baseline data a randomized controlled trial school-based HIV/AIDS prevention programmes were used. The setting comprised secondary schools regions Cape Town, Polokwane Dar es Salaam. Participants 15,782 school students. main measures scales intentions, knowledge, risk perceptions, attitudes, perceived social...
Treatment partnering is an adherence intervention developed in sub-Saharan Africa. This paper describes the additional social functions that treatment partners serve and shows how these contribute to health survival for patients with HIV/AIDS. Ninety-eight minimally structured interviews were conducted twenty pairs of adult HIV/AIDS (N = 20) treated at a public HIV-care setting Tanzania. Four identified using inductive, category construction interpretive methods analysis: (1) encouraging...
In this study, the effects on young adolescent sexual risk behaviour of teacher-led school HIV prevention programmes were examined in two sites South Africa (Cape Town and Mankweng) one site Tanzania (Dar es Salaam). Cape Town, Dar Salaam Mankweng, 26, 24 30 schools, respectively, randomly allocated to intervention or comparison groups. Primary outcomes delayed debut condom use among adolescents aged 12-14 years (grade 8 grades 5 6 Tanzania). total, 5352, 4197 2590 students participated at...
Introduction The first 1000 days of life is a period great potential and vulnerability. In particular, physical growth children can be affected by the lack access to basic needs as well psychosocial factors, such maternal depression. objectives present study are to: (1) quantify burden childhood stunting in low/middle-income countries attributable risk factors; (2) estimate related lifetime economic costs. Methods A comparative assessment analysis was performed with data from 137 throughout...