Abstract Animals generate neural representations of their heading direction. Notably, in insects, direction is topographically represented by the activity neurons central complex. Although head cells have been found vertebrates, connectivity that endows them with properties unknown. Using volumetric lightsheet imaging, we find a topographical representation neuronal network zebrafish anterior hindbrain, where sinusoidal bump rotates following directional swims fish and otherwise stable over...

Abstract Animals can use different strategies to navigate. They may guide their movements by relying on external cues in environment or, alternatively, using an internal cognitive map of the space around them and position within it. An essential part this representation are heading cells, neurons whose activity depends direction animal. Although those cells have been found vertebrates, full network has never observed there is very little mechanistic understanding how these acquire response...

The substantia nigra pars reticulata (SNr) is one of the output nuclei basal ganglia (BG) and plays a vital role in movement execution. Death dopaminergic neurons neighboring nucleus, compacta (SNc), leads to Parkinson's disease. ensuing dopamine depletion affects all BG nuclei. However, long-term effects on are less characterized. In this vitro study, we applied electrophysiological immunohistochemical techniques investigate GABAergic transmission SNr. findings showed reduction firing rate...

Dopamine is known to differentially modulate the impact of cortical input striatum between direct and indirect pathways basal ganglia (BG). However, role extrastriatal dopamine receptors (DRs) in BG information processing less clear. To investigate DRs, we studied their distribution function one output nuclei rodent, entopeduncular nucleus (EP). qRT-PCR indicated that all DR subtypes were expressed by EP neurons, suggesting both D1-like (D1LRs) D2-like (D2LRs) likely affect EP. Whole-cell...

Sensory information is fundamental for navigation. Visual motion used by animals to estimate their traveling distance and direction, visual landmarks allow tether location orientation environment. How such signals are integrated in the vertebrate brain poorly understood. Here we investigate representation of directional whole field landmark position a circuit larval zebrafish consisting habenula, interpeduncular nucleus (IPN) anterior hindbrain (aHB). This has been recently implicated...

The entopeduncular nucleus (EP) is one of the basal ganglia output nuclei integrating synaptic information from several pathways within ganglia. firing EP neurons modulated by two streams inhibitory transmission, direct pathway striatum and indirect globus pallidus. These continuously modulate neurons. However, link between these inputs to neuronal in unclear. To investigate this input-output transformation we performed whole-cell perforated-patch recordings single rat brain slices during...

Abstract Short-term depression is a low-pass filter of synaptic information, reducing information transfer at high presynaptic firing frequencies. Consequently, during elevated firing, little passes to the postsynaptic neuron. However, many neurons fire relatively frequencies all time. Does silence their synapses? We tested this apparent contradiction in indirect pathway basal ganglia. Using numerical modeling and whole-cell recordings from single entopeduncular nucleus (EP) rat brain...

High frequency stimulation (HFS) of the subthalamic nucleus (STN) is widely used to treat symptoms Parkinson's disease (PD) but mechanism this therapy unclear. Using a rat brain slice preparation maintaining connectivity between STN and one its target nuclei, globus pallidus (GP), we investigated effects high low (LFS) (HFS 100 Hz, LFS 10 Hz) on activity single neurons in GP. Both HFS caused changes firing pattern pallidal neurons. These were synaptic origin, as they abolished by glutamate...

Abstract The hyperdirect pathway of the basal ganglia bypasses striatum, and delivers cortical information directly to subthalamic nucleus ( STN ). In rodents, excites two output nuclei ganglia, entopeduncular EP ) substantia nigra reticulata SN r). Thus, during activation, drives firing inhibiting thalamus. We hypothesized that activity could induce long‐term changes ‐> synapse. To test this hypothesis, we recorded in whole‐cell mode from neurons acute brain slices rats while...

Abstract Short-term depression is a low pass filter of synaptic information that reduces and flattens transfer at high presynaptic firing frequencies. This view questions the relevance spontaneous rates in some networks. In indirect pathway basal ganglia, spontaneously active neurons globus pallidus (GP) form depressing inhibitory synapses ganglia output nuclei. Using numerical modeling whole-cell recordings from single entopeduncular nucleus (EP) rat brain slices we investigated...