Phthalate esters have been used extensively as plasticizers of synthetic polymers. Recent studies revealed that these induce atrophy the testis, although its pathogenesis remains unknown. The present study describes possible involvement oxidative stress in rat testis induced by di(2-ethylhexyl)phthalate (DEHP). Biochemical and immunohistochemical analysis oral administration DEHP increased generation reactive oxygen species, with concomitant decrease concentration glutathione ascorbic acid...

Presently, people are not only exposed to sunlight but also a large amount of blue light from personal computers and smartphones. This has various effects on the living body. However, its effect induction skin cancer is unknown. In this study, we investigated by long-term irradiation. Hairless mice were irradiated with (LED; peak emission 479 nm) every day for one year, control was white (LED), green 538 nm), red 629 respectively. Skin induced in light. Long-term irradiation increased...

One mechanism by which non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) cause intestinal injury is inducing matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs) that degrade and remodel the extracellular matrix. In addition to mucosa, MMPs are expressed in skin can be activated mast cell-secreted tryptase. We therefore investigated whether resulting from treatment with NSAID indomethacin induced of mice caused an associated disruption function. Hairless cell-deficient were administered indomethacin, after damage...

Glycyrrhizin (GL), an important active ingredient of licorice root, which weakens the proinflammatory effects high-mobility group box 1 (HMGB1) by blocking HMGB1 signaling. In this study, we investigated whether GL could suppress inflammation and carcinogenesis in azoxymethane (AOM)/dextran sodium sulfate (DSS)-induced murine model colorectal cancer. ICR mice were divided into four groups (n = 5, each)—control group, colon cancer (CC) GL-treated CC (CC + GL) sacrificed after 20 weeks. Plasma...

Skin pigmentation is a widely recognized side effect of cancer chemotherapy that can negatively affect patient QOL. However, although numerous case reports have documented caused by anticancer drugs, the precise mechanisms remain unclear. Among such pigmentation, induced 5-fluorouracil (5-FU) has garnered considerable attention, whereas on irinotecan-induced are comparatively limited. In this study, we investigated pigmentation-related effects irinotecan in colored hairless mice. Mice...

Dietary nitrate is reduced to nitrite by some oral bacteria and the resulting converted nitric oxide (NO) in acidic gastric juice. The aim of this study elucidate pathophysiological role dietary stomach. Intragastric administration rapidly increased NO plasma headspace, respectively. Water-immersion-restraint stress (WIRS) myeloperoxidase (MPO) activity mucosa induced hemorrhagic erosions a nitrate-inhibitable mechanism. In animals that had received either cardiac ligation or treatment with...

Abstract: To elucidate the possible involvement of nitric oxide (NO) derived from inducible NO synthase (iNOS) in pathogenesis patients with allergic rhinitis, we used an animal model atopic dermatitis (AD) induced by epicutaneous sensitization and analysed differences ear thickness, frequency scratching plasma levels ovalbumin-specific immunoglobulin E (OVA-IgE), transforming growth factor (TGF)-β, tumor necrosis (TNF)-α, adrenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH) α-melanocyte-stimulating (α-MSH)...

Introduction Certain low-molecular-weight heparins have been reported to reduce tumor growth and metastasis in cell-inoculated mouse models cancer patients. Recently, direct oral anticoagulants (DOACs) widely used patients with thromboembolism. This study was aimed at investigating the effect of DOACs, which target thrombin or factor Xa, on a syngeneic model comprising BALB/c mice inoculated colon Colon26 cells. Materials Methods DOACs targeting (dabigatran etexilate [DABE]) Xa (rivaroxaban...

5-Fluorouracil (5-FU), an effective chemotherapeutic agent for many solid tumors, has long been reported to cause pigmentation in patients treated intravenously, which occurs with increasing frequency of administration and decreases the QOL patients. Although melanin accumulation is thought be cause, mechanism induced by 5-FU remains unclear, there no treatment this problem. In study, we investigated continuous 9-week-old male HRM-2 hairless mice 8 weeks focusing on blood vessels basic...

Ultraviolet B (UVB) radiation induces inflammation in the skin specifically at site of exposure. We unexpectedly found that UVB-induced was not induced gp91phox-depleted mice. To test whether gp91phox is directly involved inflammation, neutrophil- and hyaluronic acid-depleted mice were also irradiated examined for their response. Hyaluronic showed strongly inhibited but neutrophil-depleted did exhibit any suppressed inflammation. elucidate pathway by which UVB irradiation we expression...

Dry skin has been clinically associated with visceral diseases, including liver disease, as well for our previously reported small intestinal injury mouse model, which have abnormalities in barrier function. To clarify this disease-induced disruption, we used a dextran sulphate sodium (DSS)-induced colitis model. Following treatment DSS, damage to the colon and was monitored using histological protein analysis methods detection of inflammatory mediators plasma. Notably, transepidermal water...

Tranexamic acid (trans-4-aminomethylcyclohexanecarboxylic acid) is a medicinal amino used in skin whitening care. This study examined the effects of tranexamic on melanocyte activation induced by an ultraviolet (UV) B eye irradiation.The or ear was locally exposed to UVB at dose 1.0 kJ/m(2) using 20SE sunlamp after covering remaining body surface with aluminum foil.UVB irradiation skin, similar that observed following irradiation, which suppressed administration treatment. The plasma...

Vitamin C is a natural nutrient with antioxidant properties and used as health supplement. In this study, we examined the effects of intraperitoneal administration high-dose vitamin (4 g/kg) on dextran sodium sulfate (DSS)-induced ulcerative colitis. We prepared mouse colitis model by administering DSS for 7 d along each day during treatment. Ulcerative induced was ameliorated administration. Blood levels interleukin-6, tumor necrosis factor-α, hydrogen peroxide (H2O2), iron were elevated in...

UV-B radiation induces sunburn, and neutrophils are pivotal in this inflammation. In study, we examined the potential involvement of neutrophil extracellular traps (NETs) ultraviolet B (UVB)-induced skin inflammation, correlating inflammation-mitigating effects Hochu-ekki-to on irradiation NETs. To elucidate NET distribution dorsal skin, male ICR mice, exposed to UVB irradiation, were immunohistologically analyzed detect citrullinated histone H3 (citH3) peptidylarginine deiminase 4 (PAD4)....

The number of patients with type 2 diabetes is increasing worldwide. mechanisms leading to and its complications being researched; however, the pathological in small intestine remain unclear. Therefore, we examined these using a mouse model (KK-Ay/TaJcl) aged 10 50 weeks. results showed that worsened age mice diabetes. In mice, advanced glycation end products (AGEs) mast cell expression increased, whereas diamine oxidase (DAO) decreased; increased tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α histamine...

Atopic dermatitis is well known to exacerbate by stress. How the influence of exercise stress on skin symptoms in patients with atopic has not been clarified. The purpose our research investigate how different strength acts dermatitis. Specific pathogen-free (SPF) and conventional NC/Nga male mice were used for experiments. Conventional but SPF group spontaneously develop dermal symptom similar that at their age 7 weeks. They given two types stress, mild (20 m/min 60 min) or strong (25 90...

Diabetes induces dry skin that may cause infective diseases.In this study, we aimed to clarify the mechanism of diabetes-induced dryness in animal models.We also examined difference type 1 and 2 diabetes.We diabetes model mice (streptozotocin [STZ] induction), non-obesity (newborn STZ injection), obesity (KK-Ay/TaJcl).An increase transepidermal water loss was observed mice, reduced hydration mice.In an advanced glycation end products matrix metalloproteinase-9 led a decline collagen IV...

Ketoprofen, suprofen and tiaprofenic acid are arylpropionic anti-inflammatories. Their chemical structures share the same elements as benzoyl radical tiophene ring. We experienced nine cases of ketoprofen photoallergy, seven photoallergy three photoallergy.To find key structure photosensitivity photocross-reactivity to ketoprofen, acid.: Three animals were tested for phototoxicity six photosensitization potentials suprofen, benzophenone, above chemicals. Test substances applied symmetrically...