A5004869804- Adolescent Sexual and Reproductive Health
- HIV/AIDS Research and Interventions
- HIV, Drug Use, Sexual Risk
- Substance Abuse Treatment and Outcomes
- Sex work and related issues
- Child and Adolescent Psychosocial and Emotional Development
- HIV/AIDS Impact and Responses
- Tuberculosis Research and Epidemiology
- Homelessness and Social Issues
- Prenatal Substance Exposure Effects
- Opioid Use Disorder Treatment
- Mental Health Treatment and Access
- Pharmaceutical Practices and Patient Outcomes
- Poverty, Education, and Child Welfare
- Child Abuse and Trauma
- Intimate Partner and Family Violence
- Schizophrenia research and treatment
- Community Health and Development
- Antibiotic Use and Resistance
- Pneumonia and Respiratory Infections
- Food Security and Health in Diverse Populations
- Attachment and Relationship Dynamics
- Crime Patterns and Interventions
- Eating Disorders and Behaviors
- Forensic Toxicology and Drug Analysis
University of Cape Town
2016-2025
South African Medical Research Council
2016-2025
Groote Schuur Hospital
2020-2024
Life Groenkloof Hospital
2023
Boston Medical Center
2023
Curtin University
2023
Medical Research Council
2008-2013
Duke University
2012
Hexham General Hospital
1995
Indianapolis Zoo
1948
Abstract Background Adverse drug reactions (ADRs) to tuberculosis (TB) medications make treatment completion challenging. We investigated the impact of alcohol, human immunodeficiency virus (HIV), and other patient determinants on ADRs adherence. Methods administered monthly ADR questionnaires participants with TB in Worcester, South Africa. Adherence was defined as proportion observed doses days when directly therapy attempted. used regression modeling identify associations between age,...
To assess the impact of Women's Health CoOp (WHC) on drug abstinence among vulnerable women having HIV counselling and testing (HCT).
Alcohol and other drug use (AOD) risky sexual behaviours remain high among adolescents in South Africa globally. Religiosity influences, mitigates provides resilience against engaging young people but few African studies have explored potential associations between religiosity, AOD sex. We report the prevalence of religiosity association learners Western Cape Province, Africa.Between May August 2011, a cross sectional survey was conducted 20 227 from 240 public schools randomly selected...
This study investigated involvement in substance use and sexual activities among adolescents Cape Town, specifically the associations between methamphetamine risk behaviours. Data were collected from 15 randomly selected matched schools Town via quantitative questionnaires. Students used hand-held computers (PDAs) to answer questions. A total of 4605 grade 9 students sampled. Male female almost equally likely have at least once (13% versus 12%). who had past 30 days significantly more...
Alcohol and other drug use, gender power inequities violence are key contributors to sexual risks for HIV among South African men women. Little is known about the intersection between these sex-risk behaviours couples in established heterosexual relationships. We conducted 10 focus-group discussions with women relationships of 1 year or longer recruited from shebeens (informal taverns) Cape Town, Africa. Participants described: high levels alcohol consumption at shebeens; low condom use main...
Objectives Sexual and physical trauma substance use are intersecting risks for HIV among young women. This study assesses the feasibility, acceptability preliminary effects of a novel trauma-informed sexual risk reduction intervention South African Design A single arm feasibility test qualitative interviews participants. Participants Sixty women, between 18 25 years age, who reported exposure, recent condom-less sex were recruited. Twenty participants randomly selected interviews....
Initiation of treatment for substance use disorders is low among young women from disadvantaged communities in Cape Town, South Africa. Yet little known about the factors that influence perceived need (a determinant entry) within this population. Baseline data on 720 young, drug-using women, collected as part a randomized field experiment were analyzed to identify predisposing, enabling and health associated with treatment. Overall, 46.0% our sample Of these participants, 92.4% wanted their...
Inequitable gender-based power in relationships and intimate partner violence contribute to persistently high rates of HIV infection among South African women. We examined the effects two group-based prevention interventions that engaged men their female partners together a couples intervention (Couples Health CoOp [CHC]) gender-separate (Men's CoOp/Women's [MHC/WHC]) on women's reports power, communication, conflict relationships.The cluster-randomized field experiment included heterosexual...
Sputum cultures are the gold standard for tuberculosis (TB) diagnosis and treatment monitoring. However, in MGIT liquid media susceptible to microbial contamination, often rendering them uninterpretable. Research has shown that maintaining strict cold chains supervised sample collection can reduce contamination rates, but few longitudinal studies with weekly sampling have explored this. Here we evaluated whether (1) time between specimen laboratory processing (2) unsupervised associated...
This exploratory study examines the links between drug use and high-risk sexual practices HIV in vulnerable drug-using populations South Africa, including commercial sex workers (CSWs), men who have with (MSM), injecting users (IDUs) non-injecting are not CSWs or MSM (NIDUs). A rapid assessment ethnographic was undertaken using observation, mapping, key informant interviews focus groups known ‘hotspots’ for risk Cape Town, Durban Pretoria. Key (KI) group involved service providers....
This association between AOD use
Alcohol and other drug (AOD) use among poor Black African Coloured women in South Africa compounds their sexual risk for HIV. Given Africa's history of ethnic disparities, differences sex profiles may exist that should be taken into account when planning HIV reduction interventions. This paper aims to describe AOD AOD-related risks vulnerable from Cape Town, Africa.Cross-sectional data on 720 AOD-using (324 African; 396 Coloured) recruited communities Town were examined behavior.Ethnic...
Female adolescents from socioeconomically underserved communities in Cape Town, South Africa, who have dropped out of school, use substances, and engage risky sex behaviour are at risk HIV. Tailored gender-focused HIV behavioural interventions for this key population needed to mitigate these factors. A pilot trial a woman-focused risk-reduction intervention was conducted (N = 100), with one-month follow-up appointment. Participants the group attended two workshops. Data were examined...
In South Africa, heterosexual couples are at risk for HIV infection and transmission through substance use, gender-based violence traditional gender roles, sex behaviors such as having multiple partners unsafe sex.
Abstract Background In South Africa, an estimated 11% of the population have high alcohol use, a major risk factor for TB. Alcohol and other substance use are also associated with poor treatment response, potential mechanism being altered TB drug pharmacokinetics. Objectives To investigate impact illicit on pharmacokinetics first-line drugs in participants pulmonary Methods We prospectively enrolled ≥15 years old, without HIV, initiating drug-susceptible Worcester, Africa. was measured via...
In this article the relationship between intergroup contact and racial prejudice in formerly segregated schools Cape Town, South Africa, is investigated. A total of 1 119 black African, coloured, Afrikaans-speaking English-speaking white learners were surveyed, using three measures prejudice, a self-report measure identification scale. general, quality with individuals other race groups an increase both outside school improved learners' attitudes. Higher levels demographic integration within...
The multiple risks associated with methamphetamine use are of serious concern for women. These and consequences magnified during pregnancy. This secondary analysis a parent study compared 26 pregnant to 356 nonpregnant women in Cape Town, South Africa, on selected demographic, psychosocial, HIV-risk domains identify their treatment service needs. Proportionally, more than using methamphetamine,<mml:math...