A5062105214- Tuberculosis Research and Epidemiology
- SARS-CoV-2 and COVID-19 Research
- SARS-CoV-2 detection and testing
- Pneumocystis jirovecii pneumonia detection and treatment
- COVID-19 Clinical Research Studies
- Pneumonia and Respiratory Infections
- COVID-19 diagnosis using AI
- Diagnosis and treatment of tuberculosis
- Homelessness and Social Issues
- Respiratory viral infections research
- Vaccine Coverage and Hesitancy
- Mobile Health and mHealth Applications
- Medication Adherence and Compliance
- Bipolar Disorder and Treatment
- Mycobacterium research and diagnosis
- biodegradable polymer synthesis and properties
- HIV, Drug Use, Sexual Risk
- Avian ecology and behavior
- COVID-19 epidemiological studies
- Viral Infections and Outbreaks Research
- Innovative Microfluidic and Catalytic Techniques Innovation
- Engineering and Materials Science Studies
- Mental Health Treatment and Access
- Neurofibromatosis and Schwannoma Cases
- Infection Control and Ventilation
Boston Medical Center
2020-2024
Boston University
2019-2024
Brown University
2016-2021
Stellenbosch University
2021
University of the Witwatersrand
2021
South African Medical Research Council
2021
Stanford Health Care
2021
National Institute on Drug Abuse
2020
Burroughs Wellcome Fund
2020
Phoenix Programs
2020
Abstract Background In January 2022, US guidelines shifted to recommend isolation for 5 days from symptom onset, followed by of mask-wearing. However, viral dynamics and variant vaccination impact on culture conversion are largely unknown. Methods We conducted a longitudinal study university campus, collecting daily anterior nasal swabs at least 10 reverse-transcription polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) testing culture, with antigen rapid diagnostic (RDT) subset. compared positivity beyond...
Abstract Background Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) vaccine trials and post-implementation data suggest that vaccination decreases infections. We examine vaccination’s impact on severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) case rates viral diversity among health care workers (HCWs) during a high community prevalence period. Methods In this prospective cohort study, HCW received doses of BNT162b2 or mRNA-1273. included confirmed cases HCWs from 9 December 2020 to 23...
Abstract Background The Omicron variant of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) is highly transmissible in vaccinated and unvaccinated populations. dynamics that govern its establishment propensity toward fixation (reaching 100% frequency the SARS-CoV-2 population) communities remain unknown. Here, we describe at 3 institutions higher education (IHEs) greater Boston area. Methods We use diagnostic variant-specifying molecular assays epidemiological analytical...
An estimated 10% of tuberculosis (TB) deaths are attributable to problematic alcohol use globally, however the causal pathways through which problem has an impact on TB treatment outcome is not clear. This study aims improve understanding these mechanisms. Specifically, we aim 1) assess whether poor outcomes, measured as delayed time-to-culture conversion, associated with after controlling for non-adherence pharmacotherapy; and 2) determine pharmacokinetic (PK) changes in those culture...
In January 2022, United States guidelines shifted to recommend isolation for 5 days from symptom onset, followed by of mask wearing. However, viral dynamics and variant vaccination impact on culture conversion are largely unknown.We conducted a longitudinal study university campus, collecting daily anterior nasal swabs at least 10 RT-PCR culture, with antigen rapid diagnostic testing (RDT) subset. We compared positivity beyond day 5, time conversion, cycle threshold trend when calculated...
Sputum cultures are the gold standard for tuberculosis (TB) diagnosis and treatment monitoring. However, in MGIT liquid media susceptible to microbial contamination, often rendering them uninterpretable. Research has shown that maintaining strict cold chains supervised sample collection can reduce contamination rates, but few longitudinal studies with weekly sampling have explored this. Here we evaluated whether (1) time between specimen laboratory processing (2) unsupervised associated...
<title>Abstract</title> <bold>Background:</bold> Successful recruitment of study participants is a challenging component research, and barriers are amplified in safety-net hospital (SNH) settings. However, engaging historically underrepresented groups research critically important to improve health disparities outcomes. We summarize challenges we encountered while recruiting patients with COVID-19 from the emergency department (ED), actions inclusivity, implementation hurdles an SNH...
Healthcare workers (HCWs) are at an increased risk of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2), a novel virus that causes Coronavirus Disease (COVID-19). We aim to assess the seroprevalence SARS-CoV-2 IgG among healthcare and compare risk-factors between seropositive seronegative HCWs. In this observational study, serum samples were collected from HCWs July 13th 26th, 2020 Boston Medical Center (BMC). Samples subsequently tested for antibody using Abbott assay....
Abstract Background COVID-19 vaccine trials and post-implementation data suggest vaccination decreases SARS-CoV-2 infections. We examine vaccination’s impact on case rates viral diversity among healthcare workers (HCW) during a high community prevalence period. Methods A prospective cohort study from Boston Medical Center (BMC)’s HCW program, where staff received two doses of BNT162b2 or mRNA-1273. included PCR-confirmed cases HCWs December 09, 2020 to February 23, 2021. Weekly per 100,000...
The coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic disrupted access to and uptake of hepatitis C virus (HCV) care services in the United States. It is unknown how substantially will impact long-term HCV-related outcomes.
Abstract The Omicron variant of SARS-CoV-2 is transmissible in vaccinated and unvaccinated populations. Here, we describe the rapid dominance following its introduction to three Massachusetts universities with asymptomatic surveillance programs. We find that was established reached fixation earlier on these campuses than or New England as a whole, rapidly outcompeting Delta despite association lower viral loads. These findings highlight transmissibility propensity fixate small populations,...
Current guidelines for treatment of multidrug-resistant tuberculosis (MDR-TB) are largely based on expert opinion and observational data. Fluoroquinolones remain an essential part MDR-TB treatment, but the optimal dose fluoroquinolones as regimen has not been defined. We designed a randomized, blinded, phase II trial in patients comparing across levofloxacin doses 11, 14, 17 20 mg/kg/day, all within optimized background regimen. assess pharmacokinetics, efficacy, safety tolerability regimens...
Abstract To determine the association between immunosuppression and time to severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) polymerase chain reaction (PCR) clearance, we studied 3758 adults retested following initial SARS-CoV-2 infection. Cox proportional hazards models demonstrated delayed PCR clearance with older age, multiple comorbidities, solid organ transplant but not by degree of immunocompromise. These findings challenge current retesting practices.
Smoking of illicit drugs may lead to more rapid TB disease progression or late treatment presentation, yet research on this topic is scant. We examined the association between smoked drug use and bacterial burden among patients newly initiated drug-susceptible (DS-TB) therapy.
Large colonies of nesting ciconiiform birds have recently become an important tourist attraction in the Brazilian Pantanal. Visits to these are uncontrolled and there is growing concern about disturbance breeding birds. In 1998, experiment was conducted using different treatments within a single, large, heavily visited colony assess effects kinds viewing on behavior success Wood Stork (Mycteria americana). Pedestrian viewing, when more than 75 m from nearest active nest, produced no...
Abstract The thermal stabilities of polybutadienyllithium, polyisoprenyllithium, and polystyryllithium solutions have been determined in hydrocarbon solvents. Kinetic analysis indicated that a complex mechanism was involved the thermolysis polybutadienyllithium. stability observed to increase with increasing lithium concentration, suggesting presence competitive reactions addition expected elimination hydride. three systems studied consistent their reported degrees association: dimeric less...
South Africa temporarily banned alcohol and tobacco sales for about 20 weeks during the COVID-19 lockdown. We described changes in consumption after implementation of these restrictions among a small number participants tuberculosis treatment cohort. The timeline follow-back procedure Fägerstrom test nicotine dependence was used to collect monthly use information. report heavy drinking days (HDD), average amount absolute (AA) consumed per day, cigarettes smoked daily ban compared prior ban....
Abstract This paper is a report of methods balancing wear and traction in passenger tire treads with lithium catalyzed polymers. The results demonstrate the versatility alkyllithium system for preparing wide variety polymers copolymers differing properties treads. In addition, use this improved processing green strength briefly discussed.
The COVID-19 pandemic negatively impacted tuberculosis (TB) treatment services, including directly observed therapy (DOT) programs used to promote medication adherence. We compared DOT adherence embedded in a research study before and after lockdowns South Africa.
We describe a case of acute vertebral osteomyelitis with associated prevertebral abscess due to Erysipelothrix rhusiopathiae in an immunocompetent adult recent known traumatic inoculation from the barb fish.
Objectives: The global pandemic of coronavirus disease 2019 (Covid-19) may disproportionately affect persons in congregate settings, including those residential substance use treatment facilities. To limit the spread SARS-CoV-2 through universal testing be necessary. We aimed to determine point prevalence a program setting and understand unique challenges Covid-19 transmission this setting. Methods: performed case series rT-PCR via nasopharyngeal for women Boston. Staff residents were tested...