A5053945845- HIV/AIDS drug development and treatment
- Tuberculosis Research and Epidemiology
- Pneumocystis jirovecii pneumonia detection and treatment
- Malaria Research and Control
- Antibiotics Pharmacokinetics and Efficacy
- HIV/AIDS Research and Interventions
- HIV Research and Treatment
- Pharmacological Effects and Toxicity Studies
- Drug Transport and Resistance Mechanisms
- Pharmaceutical studies and practices
- Computational Drug Discovery Methods
- HIV-related health complications and treatments
- Pharmacogenetics and Drug Metabolism
- Cancer therapeutics and mechanisms
- Phenothiazines and Benzothiazines Synthesis and Activities
- HIV, Drug Use, Sexual Risk
- Pneumonia and Respiratory Infections
- Infectious Diseases and Tuberculosis
- Adolescent Sexual and Reproductive Health
- Drug-Induced Hepatotoxicity and Protection
- Mosquito-borne diseases and control
- Antibiotic Resistance in Bacteria
- Research on Leishmaniasis Studies
- Synthesis and Biological Evaluation
- X-ray Diffraction in Crystallography
University of Cape Town
2016-2025
Takeda (Switzerland)
2024
Groote Schuur Hospital
2013-2023
PharmacoGenetics (China)
2023
Desmond Tutu HIV Foundation
2022
Stellenbosch University
2020-2022
City of Cape Town
2020
University of Liverpool
2020
Johns Hopkins Medicine
2020
Johns Hopkins University
2020
A safe, effective vaccine is essential to eradicating human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection. canarypox–protein HIV regimen (ALVAC-HIV plus AIDSVAX B/E) showed modest efficacy in reducing infection Thailand. An analogous using HIV-1 subtype C potent humoral and cellular responses a phase 1–2a trial South Africa. Efficacy data additional safety were needed for this larger population
Background Pre-exposure prophylaxis (PrEP) is highly effective and an important prevention tool for African adolescent girls young women (AGYW), but adherence persistence are challenging. PrEP support strategies AGYW were studied in implementation study. Methods findings HIV Prevention Trials Network (HPTN) 082 was conducted Cape Town, Johannesburg (South Africa) Harare (Zimbabwe) from October 2016 to 2018 evaluate uptake, persistence, the effect of drug level feedback on adherence. Sexually...
Mycobacterial pathogens present a significant challenge to disease control efforts globally due their inherent resistance multiple antibiotics. The rise of drug-resistant strains Mycobacterium tuberculosis has prompted an urgent need for innovative therapeutic solutions. One promising way discover new drugs is by utilizing natural products from the vast biochemical space. Multidisciplinary methods can used harness bioactivity these products. This study aimed evaluate antimycobacterial...
The 2-aminopyridine MMV048 was the first drug candidate inhibiting Plasmodium phosphatidylinositol 4-kinase (PI4K), a novel target for malaria, to enter clinical development. In an effort identify next generation of PI4K inhibitors, series optimized improve properties such as solubility and antiplasmodial potency across parasite life cycle, leading 2-aminopyrazine UCT943.
<h2>Summary</h2><h3>Background</h3> The drug–drug interaction between rifampicin and dolutegravir can be overcome by supplemental dosing, which is difficult to implement in high-burden settings. We aimed test whether virological outcomes with standard-dose dolutegravir-based antiretroviral therapy (ART) are acceptable people HIV on rifampicin-based antituberculosis therapy. <h3>Methods</h3> RADIANT-TB was a phase 2b, randomised, double-blind, non-comparative, placebo-controlled trial at...
Exposure to lower-than-therapeutic levels of anti-tuberculosis drugs is likely cause selection resistant strains Mycobacterium tuberculosis and treatment failure. The first-line (TB) regimen consists rifampicin, isoniazid, pyrazinamide, ethambutol, correct management reduces risk TB relapse development drug resistance. In this study we aimed investigate the effect standard care plus nutritional supplementation versus on pharmacokinetics pyrazinamide ethambutol among sputum smear positive...
The Joint United Nations Programme on HIV/AIDS (UNAIDS) has developed an ambitious strategy to end the AIDS epidemic. After eight years of antiretroviral therapy (ART) program we assessed progress towards UNAIDS 90–90-90 targets in Mbongolwane and Eshowe, KwaZulu-Natal, South Africa. We conducted a cross-sectional household-based community survey using two-stage stratified cluster probability sampling strategy. Persons aged 15–59 were eligible. used face-to-face interviewer-administered...
Pregnancy and tuberculosis treatment or prophylaxis can affect efavirenz pharmacokinetics, maternal human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) outcomes, mother-to-child transmission (MTCT) risk. We evaluated a prospective cohort of pregnant, HIV-infected women with without in Soweto, South Africa. Pharmacokinetic sampling was performed at gestation week 37 during the postpartum period. Efavirenz trough concentrations (Cmin) were predicted using population pharmacokinetic models. HIV-viral...
Moxifloxacin serum concentrations in children receiving multidrug-resistant tuberculosis treatment following an oral dose of 10 mg/kg were low. Human immunodeficiency virus infection was associated with lower moxifloxacin exposure. generally well tolerated when taken for several months.
The Angolan government recommends three artemisinin-based combinations for the treatment of uncomplicated Plasmodium falciparum malaria: artemether-lumefantrine (AL), artesunate-amodiaquine (ASAQ), and dihydroartemisinin-piperaquine (DP). Due to threat emerging anti-malarial drug resistance, it is important periodically monitor efficacy combination therapy (ACT). This study evaluated these medications' therapeutic in Benguela, Lunda Sul, Zaire Provinces.Enrollment occurred between March July...
There are limited pharmacokinetic data for use of the first-line antituberculosis drugs during infancy (<12 months age), when drug disposition may differ. Intensive sampling was performed in infants routinely receiving treatment, including rifampin, isoniazid, pyrazinamide, and ethambutol, using World Health Organization-recommended doses. Regulatory-approved single-drug formulations, two rifampin suspensions, were used on day. Assays conducted liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry;...
This analysis assessed the impact of undisclosed HIV infection and antiretroviral therapy (ART) on national estimates diagnosed ART coverage in Kenya.
Abstract Introduction HIV incidence remains high among African adolescent girls and young women (AGYW), who would benefit from pre‐exposure prophylaxis (PrEP). Strategies to increase PrEP adherence persistence need be evaluated in AGY, including incentives conditional on adherence. Methods The 3Ps for Prevention Study was a 12‐month prospective cohort of 200 ages 16 25 initiating South Africa 2017 2018. Participants received retrospective feedback about drug levels at Months 1, 2 3; half...
Objective: Recycling tenofovir and lamivudine/emtricitabine (XTC) with dolutegravir would provide a more tolerable, affordable, scalable second-line regimen than an optimized nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitor (NRTI) backbone. We evaluated efficacy of tenofovir/lamivudine/dolutegravir (TLD) in patients failing first-line tenofovir/XTC/efavirenz or nevirapine. Design: Single arm, prospective, interventional study. Setting: Two primary care clinics Khayelitsha, South Africa....
Observational studies suggest that high-dose isoniazid may be efficacious in treating multidrug-resistant tuberculosis. However, its activity against
ABSTRACT Nutritional supplementation to tuberculosis (TB) patients has been associated with increased weight and reduced mortality, but its effect on the pharmacokinetics of first-line anti-TB drugs is unknown. A cohort 100 TB (58 men; median age, 35 [interquartile range {IQR}, 29 40] years, body mass index [BMI], 18.8 [17.3 19.9] kg/m 2 ) were randomized receive nutritional during intensive phase treatment. Rifampin plasma concentrations determined after 1 week months The effects...
ABSTRACT Artemether-lumefantrine and nevirapine-based antiretroviral therapy (ART) are the most commonly recommended first-line treatments for malaria HIV, respectively, in Africa. Artemether, lumefantrine, nevirapine metabolized by cytochrome P450 3A4 enzyme system, which induces, creating potential important drug interactions. In a parallel-design pharmacokinetic study, concentration-time profiles were obtained two groups of HIV-infected patients: ART-naïve patients those stable on...
Ferrocenyl- and aryl-functionalised organosilane thiosemicarbazones.
Bedaquiline is a new anti-TB drug, which metabolized by cytochrome P450 (CYP) 3A4. Concomitant ART important for all HIV-infected patients treated TB, but several antiretrovirals inhibit or induce CYP3A4. Single-dose drug–drug interaction studies found no significant interactions with nevirapine lopinavir/ritonavir, these findings could be misleading, especially because of bedaquiline's long terminal t1/2. We evaluated the effect and lopinavir/ritonavir on bedaquiline exposure. conducted...
Linezolid is increasingly important for multidrug-resistant tuberculosis (MDR-TB) treatment. However, among children with MDR-TB, there are no linezolid pharmacokinetic data, and its adverse effects have not yet been prospectively described. We characterised the pharmacokinetics, safety, optimal dose of in treated MDR-TB.
MMV390048 is a novel antimalarial compound that inhibits
Intracellular tenofovir diphosphate (TFV-DP) concentration in dried blood spots (DBSs) is used to monitor cumulative pre-exposure prophylaxis (PrEP) adherence. We evaluated TFV-DP DBSs following daily oral PrEP (emtricitabine 200 mg/tenofovir 300 mg) among pregnant and postpartum adolescent girls young women (AGYW).Directly observed was administered for 12 weeks a pregnancy (14-24 weeks' gestation, n = 20) (6-12 postpartum, group of AGYW aged 16-24 years sub-Saharan Africa. Weekly DBS...
Introduction: Identifying gaps in HIV testing and treatment is essential to design specific strategies targeting those not accessing services. We assessed the prevalence factors associated with being untested, unaware, untreated, virally unsuppressed KwaZulu-Natal, South Africa. Methods: Cross-sectional population-based survey. People aged 15–59 years were eligible. Interviews, testing, blood collection for antiretroviral drug presence test, CD4, viral load done at participants' home....