A5055833703- HIV/AIDS Research and Interventions
- HIV Research and Treatment
- Reproductive tract infections research
- Adolescent Sexual and Reproductive Health
- Syphilis Diagnosis and Treatment
- Hepatitis B Virus Studies
- Vaccine Coverage and Hesitancy
- HIV, Drug Use, Sexual Risk
- Cervical Cancer and HPV Research
- vaccines and immunoinformatics approaches
- Genital Health and Disease
- SARS-CoV-2 and COVID-19 Research
- HIV/AIDS Impact and Responses
- HIV/AIDS drug development and treatment
- Herpesvirus Infections and Treatments
- HIV-related health complications and treatments
- Noise Effects and Management
- COVID-19 Clinical Research Studies
- Pediatric health and respiratory diseases
- Immune responses and vaccinations
- COVID-19 Impact on Reproduction
- Smoking Behavior and Cessation
- Virology and Viral Diseases
- Viral Infections and Immunology Research
- Ethics in Clinical Research
Centre for the AIDS Programme of Research in South Africa
2015-2025
University of KwaZulu-Natal
2014-2025
University of the Witwatersrand
2017-2020
University of Johannesburg
2017-2020
Nelson Mandela University
2017-2020
National Institute of Occupational Health
2020
National Health Laboratory Service
2017-2020
South African Medical Research Council
2017
A safe, effective vaccine is essential to eradicating human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection. canarypox–protein HIV regimen (ALVAC-HIV plus AIDSVAX B/E) showed modest efficacy in reducing infection Thailand. An analogous using HIV-1 subtype C potent humoral and cellular responses a phase 1–2a trial South Africa. Efficacy data additional safety were needed for this larger population
Diagnosis and treatment of sexually transmitted infections (STIs) is a public health priority, particularly in regions where the incidence human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection high. In most developing countries, STIs are managed syndromically. We assessed adequacy syndromic diagnosis STIs, compared with laboratory evaluated association between STI risk HIV acquisition cohort high-risk women.HIV-uninfected women (n = 242) were followed for 24 months. Symptoms recorded, common...
Introduction In light of the limited impact syndromic management approach has had on global sexually transmitted infection (STI) epidemic, we assessed a care model comprising point-of-care (POC) STI testing, immediate treatment, and expedited partner therapy (EPT) among cohort young women at high HIV risk in South Africa. Methods findings negative presenting for underwent POC testing Chlamydia trachomatis (CT), Neisseria gonorrhoeae (NG) Trichomonas vaginalis (TV), swabs were sent NG culture...
We report a 23% asymptomatic severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS CoV-2) Omicron carriage rate in participants being enrolled into clinical trial South Africa, 15-fold higher than trials before Omicron. also found lower CD4 + T-cell counts persons with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) strongly correlated increased odds of SARS-CoV-2 polymerase chain reaction (PCR) positive.
Abstract Background The ALVAC/gp120 + MF59 vaccines in the HIV Vaccine Trials Network (HVTN) 702 efficacy trial did not prevent human immunodeficiency virus-1 (HIV-1) acquisition. Vaccine-matched immunological endpoints that were correlates of HIV-1 acquisition risk RV144 measured HVTN and evaluated as Methods Among 1893 female vaccinees, 60 HIV-1–seropositive cases matched seronegative noncases sampled. HIV-specific CD4+ T-cell binding antibody responses 2 weeks after fourth fifth...
Introduction Human papillomavirus (HPV) infection is a leading cause of cervical cancer. Although this relies on and persistence HPV in epithelial cells, often occurring the context other sexually transmitted infections (STIs) bacterial vaginosis (BV), data relationships between these their relative effects barrier integrity women remain sparse. This study describes epidemiology combined with STI and/or BV prevalence impact matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs) among South African women. Methods...
Background Adjuvants are widely used to enhance and/or direct vaccine-induced immune responses yet rarely evaluated head-to-head. Our trial directly compared elicited by MF59 versus alum adjuvants in the RV144-like HIV vaccine regimen modified for Southern African region. The RV144 of a recombinant canarypox vector expressing env subtype B (ALVAC-HIV) prime followed ALVAC-HIV plus bivalent gp120 protein boost adjuvanted with is only have shown modest efficacy. Data generated after suggested...
Noncommunicable diseases are common among chronically infected patients with HIV in the developed world, but little is known about these conditions African cohorts. We assessed epidemiology of metabolic syndrome young South women during first 3 years after acquisition.A total 160 were followed prospectively CAPRISA 002 Acute Infection study. Metabolic was defined as a constellation hyperlipidemia, hypertension, hyperglycemia/diabetes, and abdominal obesity. Time trends using generalized...
Introduction Optimizing methods for genital specimen collection to accurately characterize mucosal immune responses is a priority the HIV prevention field. The menstrual cup (MC) has been proposed as an alternative other including cervicovaginal lavage (CVL), but no study yet formally compared these two methods. Methods Forty HIV-infected, antiretroviral therapy-naïve women from CAPRISA 002 acute infection cohort were randomized have fluid collected using MC with subsequent CVL, or by CVL...
Background Prompt diagnosis of acute HIV infection (AHI) benefits the individual and provides opportunities for public health intervention. The aim this study was to describe most common signs symptoms AHI, correlate these with early disease progression develop a clinical algorithm identify cases in resource limited setting. Methods 245 South African women at high-risk HIV-1 were assessed AHI received monthly antibody RNA testing. Signs first HIV-positive visit compared HIV-negative visits....
Alternative approaches to syndromic management are needed reduce rates of sexually transmitted infections (STIs) in resource-limited settings. We investigated the impact point-of-care (POC) versus central laboratory-based testing on STI treatment initiation and adverse event (STI-AE) reporting.We used Kaplan-Meier Cox regression models compare times STI-AE reporting among HVTN702 trial participants South Africa. Neisseria gonorrhoeae (NG) Chlamydia trachomatis (CT) were diagnosed POC at...
Substantial improvements in viral suppression among people living with HIV (PLHIV) are needed to end the epidemic, requiring extensive scale-up of low-cost monitoring services. Point-of-care (POC) tests for antiretroviral therapy (ART) adherence and load (VL) may be efficient effective tools real-time clinical decision making. We aim evaluate effects a combined intervention POC ART VL testing compared standard-of-care on adherence, retention at 6 18 months post-ART initiation...
Reactogenicity informs vaccine safety, and may influence uptake. We evaluated factors associated with reactogenicity in HVTN 702, a typical HIV efficacy trial multiple doses products.
Background HIV prevention trials are increasingly being conducted in sub-Saharan Africa. Women at risk for also of pregnancy. To maximize safety, women agree to avoid pregnancy during trials, yet pregnancies occur. Using data from the HVTN 503/"Phambili" vaccine trial, we report incidence and after vaccination period identify factors, measured screening, associated with incident Methods enrol agreed were supported until 1 month their third final ("vaccination period"), corresponding first 7...
Although antiretroviral pre-exposure prophylaxis prevents HIV acquisition, it is not known if alters disease progression. This study assesses whether tenofovir gel impacted on progression among CAPRISA 004 microbicide trial seroconvertors.Eighty-three seroconvertors from the and placebo arms of were monitored prospectively for a minimum 2 years by CD4 count viral load (VL). Linear mixed models fitted to VL, log rank test was used compare time reach counts <350 cells per microliter.Median...
Hookah pipe (HP) smoking has become popular globally, especially among young adults and adolescents. There are misperceptions regarding the safety of HP smoking, relative to cigarettes.To assess prevalence use in grade 8 12 students factors associated with different age groups.A cross-sectional study was conducted high-school from six randomly selected public schools Johannesburg, South Africa. A self-administered structured questionnaire completed by after consent had been obtained parents...
Background: We aimed to evaluate the analytic performance of 3 rapid HIV viral load assays: novel Xpert HIV-1 VL XC (Xpert XC), VL), and m-PIMA HIV-1/2 (m-PIMA). Setting: Two South African clinics. Methods: conducted a prospective diagnostic accuracy study. Site-laboratory technicians nurses used XC, VL, test plasma samples from people with receiving antiretroviral therapy. compared results Roche cobas reference assay. determined detect viraemia at World Health Organization (WHO) failure...
Abstract Background In South Africa, women continue to face a high burden of Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV) infection and the possible complications thereof during pregnancy. We assessed pregnancy incidence rates outcomes in longitudinal HIV cohort study over 15-year period. Methods evaluated pregnancies among ≥ 18 years between 2004 2019 CAPRISA 002 study. analysed following acquisition, CD4 counts viral load dynamics outcomes. used linear regression assess if mean log 10 close delivery...