A5079348670- HIV/AIDS Research and Interventions
- Global Maternal and Child Health
- Adolescent Sexual and Reproductive Health
- HIV Research and Treatment
- Vaccine Coverage and Hesitancy
- HIV/AIDS Impact and Responses
- Sex work and related issues
- Hepatitis B Virus Studies
- HIV, Drug Use, Sexual Risk
- Viral Infections and Outbreaks Research
- Transgenic Plants and Applications
- Microbial Inactivation Methods
- Genital Health and Disease
- Parasites and Host Interactions
- vaccines and immunoinformatics approaches
- Hepatitis Viruses Studies and Epidemiology
- Reproductive tract infections research
- Herpesvirus Infections and Treatments
- Ethics in Clinical Research
- Demographic Trends and Gender Preferences
- Bacillus and Francisella bacterial research
- Statistical Methods in Clinical Trials
- Pharmaceutical Economics and Policy
- Virology and Viral Diseases
- HIV/AIDS drug development and treatment
Uganda Virus Research Institute
2015-2025
Makerere University
2023
International AIDS Vaccine Initiative
2009-2021
University of Antwerp
2020
Background. Defining the parameters that modulate vaccine responses in African populations will be imperative to design effective vaccines for protection against HIV, malaria, tuberculosis, and dengue virus infections. This study aimed evaluate contribution of patient-specific immune microenvironment response licensed yellow fever 17D (YF-17D) an cohort.
Background Clinical laboratory reference intervals have not been established in many African countries, and non-local are commonly used clinical trials to screen monitor adverse events (AEs) among participants. Using derived from other populations excludes potential trial volunteers Africa makes AE assessment challenging. The objective of this study was establish for 25 hematology, immunology biochemistry values healthy adults typical those who might join a trial. Methods Findings Equal...
Objectives Recent publications suggest that fishing populations may be highly affected by the HIV epidemic. However, accurate data are scarce. The authors determined and syphilis prevalence associated risk factors in a population of Lake Victoria Uganda. Methods 10 188 volunteers aged ≥13 years from census carried out five communities between February August 2009 were invited to attend central study clinics established each community. After informed consent, 2005 randomly selected responded...
High HIV-1 incidence rates were reported among persons in fisherfolk communities (FFC) Uganda who selected for high risk behaviour. We assessed the of and associated factors a general population FFC to determine population-wide HIV rates.A community-based cohort study was conducted random sample 2191 participants aged 18-49 years. At baseline 12 months post-baseline, data collected on socio-demographic characteristics risky behaviors (including number partners, new condom use, use alcohol...
Introduction HIV epidemics in sub‐Saharan Africa are generalized, but high‐risk subgroups exist within these epidemics. A recent study among fisher‐folk communities (FFC) Uganda showed high prevalence (28.8%) and incidence (4.9/100 person‐years). However, those findings may not reflect population‐wide rates FFC since the population was selected for behaviour. Methods Between September 2011 March 2013, we conducted a community‐based cohort to determine representative willingness participate...
Schistosomiasis is a disease caused by parasitic flatworms of the Schistosoma spp ., and increasingly recognized to alter immune system, potential respond vaccines. The impact endemic infections on protective immunity critical inform vaccination strategies globally. We assessed influence mansoni worm burden multiple host vaccine-related parameters in Ugandan fishing cohort (n = 75) given three doses Hepatitis B (HepB) vaccine at baseline timepoints post-vaccination. observed distinct...
Background Strategies to enhance the immunogenicity of DNA vaccines in humans include i) co-administration molecular adjuvants, ii) intramuscular administration followed by vivo electroporation (IM/EP) and/or iii) boosting with a different vaccine. Combining these strategies provided protection macaques challenged SIV; this clinical trial was designed mimic vaccine regimen SIV study. Methods Seventy five healthy, HIV-seronegative adults were enrolled into phase 1, randomized, double-blind,...
An effective HIV vaccine is still elusive. Of the 9 preventive efficacy trials conducted to-date, only one reported positive results of modest efficacy. More need to be before or more vaccines are eventually licensed. We assessed suitability fishing communities in Uganda for future trials.A community-based cohort study was among a random sample 2191 participants aged 18-49 years. Data were collected on socio-demographic characteristics, risky behaviors, and willingness participate (WTP)....
Fishing communities are potentially suitable for Human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) efficacy trials due to their high risk profile. However, mobility and attrition could decrease statistical power detect the impact of a given intervention. We report dropout associated factors in fisher-folk observational cohort Uganda. virus-uninfected high-risk volunteers aged 13–49 years living five fishing around Lake Victoria were enrolled followed every 6 months 18 at clinics located within each...
Human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) prevalence and incidence in the fishing communities on Lake Victoria Uganda are high. This population may play a role driving HIV epidemic including spread of transmitted drug resistance (TDR). We report data TDR this among antiretroviral (ARV)-naive, recently infected individuals about 5 years after ARV scaling-up Uganda. identified phylogenetic transmission clusters combined these with volunteer life histories order to understand sexual networks...
Introduction Fishing communities (FCs) in Uganda have high HIV infection rates but poor access to health services including family planning (FP). Although FP is a cost-effective public intervention, there paucity of data on knowledge and use modern FCs. This study determined methods FCs Uganda. Methods Data were accrued from 12-month follow up 1,688 HIV-uninfected individuals, 18–49 years 8 along Lake Victoria, between September 2011 March 2013. collected through semi-structured...
fishing communities in Uganda are key populations for HIV, with persistently higher prevalence and incidence than the general population.between March August 2014, a cross sectional survey was conducted 10 of Lake Victoria Uganda. Data collected on socio-behavioural characteristics using interviewer administered questionnaires venous blood HIV testing. Prevalent infections among adolescents young people aged 13 to 24 years estimated factors associated those determined multi variable logistic...
Introduction Intramuscular electroporation (IM/EP) is a vaccine delivery technique that improves the immunogenicity of DNA vaccines. We evaluated acceptability and tolerability among healthy African study participants. Methods Forty-five participants were administered (HIV-MAG) or placebo by at three visits occurring four week-intervals. At end each visit, asked to rate pain times: (1) when device was placed on skin injected, before electrical stimulation, (2) time stimulation muscle...
Abstract Standards of care provided to volunteers in HIV prevention research developing countries are evolving. Inconsistency standards, particularly within a network highlights the need balance volunteers' health and wellness with efficient conduct research. Ten centers (RC's) East Southern Africa affiliated International AIDS Vaccine Initiative (IAVI) were studied using mixed methods approach understand variations, similarities gaps services provided, recipients services, referral systems,...
High retention (follow-up) rates improve the validity and statistical power of outcomes in longitudinal studies effectiveness programs with prolonged administration interventions. We assessed participant a potential HIV vaccine trials population fishing communities along Lake Victoria, Uganda. In community-based individual randomized trial, 662 participants aged 15–49 years were to either mobile phone or physical contact tracing reminders followed up at months 1, 2, 3, 6, 12 18...
Background Schistosoma mansoni infection has been associated with an increased HIV prevalence in humans and SHIV incidence primate models. We hypothesized that immune activation from this gastrointestinal mucosa would increase highly HIV-susceptible CD4 T cell subsets the blood foreskin through common mucosal homing. Methodology/Principal Findings Foreskin tissue were obtained 34 HIV- malaria-uninfected Ugandan men who volunteered for elective circumcision, 12 of whom definitively positive...
Abstract Problem Biological mechanisms of foreskin HIV acquisition are poorly defined. The inner is preferentially infected in explant models, so we hypothesized that this site would be enriched for HIV‐susceptible CD4 + T cells and proinflammatory/chemoattractant cytokines. Method study A total 42 HIV‐uninfected Ugandan men without genital symptoms provided tissues swabs at the time elective penile circumcision. immune phenotype foreskin‐derived entry a CCR5‐tropic pseudovirus was...
Introduction: Family planning (FP) is a key element in the conduct of research and essential managing family sizes. Although fishing communities (FCs) are targeted populations for HIV prevention research, their FP practices poorly understood. We explored barriers facilitators use FCs Lake Victoria Uganda. Methods: employed mixed-methods approach comprising cross-sectional survey, in-depth interviews, focus group discussions 2 FCs. Multivariable logistic regression was used to analyze...
Women in fishing communities Uganda are more at risk and have higher rates of HIV infection. Socio-cultural gender norms, limited access to health information services, economic disempowerment, sexual abuse their biological susceptibility make women There is need design interventions that cater for women's vulnerability. We explore factors affecting recruitment retention from prevention research.An incidence cohort screened 2074 volunteers (1057 men 1017 women) aged 13-49 years 5 along Lake...
The foreskin is the main site of HIV acquisition in a heterosexual uncircumcised man, but many men endemic countries are reluctant to undergo penile circumcision (PC). Observational studies suggest that proinflammatory anaerobic bacteria enriched on penis, where they may enhance susceptibility through increased inflammatory cytokines and recruitment HIV-susceptible CD4+ target cells. This trial will examine impact systemic topical antimicrobials ex vivo susceptibility.This randomized,...
Hepatitis B is a serious potentially fatal hepatocellular disease caused by the hepatitis virus. In fishing communities of Lake Victoria Uganda, virus infection burden largely unknown. This study assessed prevalence and incidence in these communities.This was retrospective cohort that tested serum samples collected from 13 to 49-year-old participants were residing two Ugandan Kasenyi (a mainland) Jaana (an island). The between 2013 2015 during conduct an HIV epidemiological communities. A...
Long-term safety is critical for the development and later use of a vaccine to prevent HIV/AIDS. Likewise, persistence vaccine-induced antibodies their impact on HIV testing must be established. IAVI has sponsored several Phase I IIA trials enrolling healthy, HIV-seronegative African volunteers. Plasmid DNA viral vector based vaccines were tested. No vaccine-related serious adverse events reported. After completion conducted between 2001–2007, both placebo recipients offered enrolment into...