Moherndran Archary
A5083564035- HIV/AIDS Research and Interventions
- HIV Research and Treatment
- HIV/AIDS drug development and treatment
- Child Nutrition and Water Access
- HIV-related health complications and treatments
- Adolescent Sexual and Reproductive Health
- SARS-CoV-2 and COVID-19 Research
- Pneumocystis jirovecii pneumonia detection and treatment
- COVID-19 Clinical Research Studies
- Adolescent and Pediatric Healthcare
- Mobile Health and mHealth Applications
- Pharmacological Effects and Toxicity Studies
- Child Nutrition and Feeding Issues
- Vaccine Coverage and Hesitancy
- Tuberculosis Research and Epidemiology
- Food Security and Health in Diverse Populations
- Pharmaceutical studies and practices
- Global Maternal and Child Health
- Neonatal and fetal brain pathology
- Family Support in Illness
- HIV, Drug Use, Sexual Risk
- Pneumonia and Respiratory Infections
- Traumatic Brain Injury and Neurovascular Disturbances
- Antibiotic Use and Resistance
- Diphtheria, Corynebacterium, and Tetanus
University of KwaZulu-Natal
2016-2025
King Edward VIII Hospital
2016-2025
Africa Health Research Institute
2021-2024
University of Zululand
2017-2022
Nelson Mandela Academic Hospital
2019-2022
Centre for the AIDS Programme of Research in South Africa
2021-2022
University of Oxford
2022
University of the Witwatersrand
2017
National Health Laboratory Service
2017
The University of Queensland
2017
The emergence of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) variants threatens progress toward control the disease 2019 (Covid-19) pandemic. In a phase 1–2 trial involving healthy adults, NVX-CoV2373 nanoparticle vaccine had an acceptable safety profile and was associated with strong neutralizing-antibody antigen-specific polyfunctional CD4+ T-cell responses. Evaluation efficacy needed in setting ongoing SARS-CoV-2 transmission.
The first wave of COVID-19 in South Africa peaked July, 2020, and a larger second January, 2021, which the SARS-CoV-2 501Y.V2 (Beta) lineage predominated. We aimed to compare in-hospital mortality other patient characteristics between waves.In this prospective cohort study, we analysed data from DATCOV national active surveillance system for admissions hospital March 5, 27, 2021. contained all hospitals that have admitted with COVID-19. used incidence risk admission determined cutoff dates...
The interaction between COVID-19, non-communicable diseases, and chronic infectious diseases such as HIV tuberculosis is unclear, particularly in low-income middle-income countries Africa. South Africa has a national prevalence of 19% among people aged 15-49 years 0·7% all ages. Using nationally representative hospital surveillance system Africa, we aimed to investigate the factors associated with in-hospital mortality patients COVID-19.In this cohort study, used data submitted DATCOV,...
South Africa has the most HIV infections of any country in world, yet little is known about adolescent continuum care from diagnosis through viral suppression.
Children with human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) infection have limited options for effective antiretroviral treatment (ART).We conducted an open-label, randomized, noninferiority trial comparing three-drug ART based on the HIV integrase inhibitor dolutegravir standard care (non-dolutegravir-based ART) in children and adolescents starting first- or second-line ART. The primary end point was proportion of participants virologic clinical failure by 96 weeks, as estimated Kaplan-Meier...
There is a paucity of data on COVID-19 vaccines in people living with HIV-1, who could be at increased risk severe illness and death from COVID-19. We evaluated the safety immunogenicity Matrix-M adjuvanted recombinant spike protein nanoparticle vaccine (NVX-CoV2373; Novavax) HIV-negative HIV-1.In this randomised, observer-blinded, multicentre, placebo-controlled phase 2A/B trial South Africa, participants aged 18-84 years, without underlying were enrolled 16 sites randomly assigned (1:1) to...
The SARS-CoV-2 Omicron (B.1.1.529) Variant of Concern (VOC) and its sub-lineages (including BA.2, BA.4, BA.5, BA.2.12.1) contain spike mutations that confer high level resistance to neutralizing antibodies induced by vaccination with ancestral or infection previously circulating variants. NVX-CoV2373 vaccine, a protein nanoparticle vaccine containing the sequence, has value in countries constrained cold-chain requirements. Here we report titers following two three doses NVX-CoV2373. We show...
ODYSSEY showed superior efficacy for dolutegravir-based antiretroviral therapy (ART) versus standard of care (SOC) in children living with HIV starting first-line or second-line ART aged 4 weeks older. Here, we aim to compare virological outcomes and resistance the dolutegravir group SOC up 96 weeks. was an open-label, multicentre, randomised, non-inferiority trial done 29 centres seven countries (Germany, Spain, South Africa, Thailand, UK, Uganda, Zimbabwe). recruited at least 28 days...
There are conflicting reports on the effects of HIV COVID-19. Here, we analyzed disease severity and immune cell changes during after SARS-CoV-2 infection in 236 participants from South Africa, which 39% were people living with (PLWH), first second (Beta dominated) waves. The wave had more PLWH requiring supplemental oxygen relative to HIV-negative participants. Higher was associated low CD4 T counts higher neutrophil lymphocyte ratios (NLR). Yet, recovered NLR stabilized clearance 2...
ABSTRACT Background The emergence of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) variants threatens progress toward control the Covid-19 pandemic. Evaluation vaccine efficacy against SARS-CoV-2 is urgently needed to inform development and use. Methods In this phase 2a/b, multicenter, randomized, observer-blinded, placebo-controlled trial in South Africa, healthy human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)-negative adults (18 84 years) or medically stable people living with HIV (PLWH)...
After sporadic reports of post-treatment control HIV in children who initiated combination anti-retroviral therapy (cART) early, we prospectively studied 284 very-early-cART-treated from KwaZulu-Natal, South Africa, after vertical transmission to assess viremia. Eighty-four percent the achieved aviremia on cART, but persisting 36 or more months was observed only 32%. We that male infants have lower baseline plasma viral loads (P = 0.01). Unexpectedly, a subset (n 5) males maintained despite...
There is limited understanding of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) pathogenesis in African populations with a high burden infectious disease comorbidities such as human immunodeficiency virus (HIV). The kinetics, magnitude, and duration virus-specific antibodies B-cell responses people living HIV (PLWH) sub-Saharan Africa have not been fully characterized.
Abstract Background People living with HIV (PLWH) have been reported to a higher risk of more severe COVID-19 disease and death. We assessed the ability Ad26.CoV2.S vaccine elicit neutralizing activity against Delta variant in PLWH relative HIV-negative individuals. also examined effects status suppression on neutralization response SARS-CoV-2—infected unvaccinated participants. Methods enrolled participants who were vaccinated through SISONKE South African clinical trial healthcare workers...
Safe and potent antiretroviral medications in child-friendly formulations are needed to treat young children living with HIV-1. We aimed select dosing for a dispersible tablet formulation of dolutegravir that achieved pharmacokinetic exposures similar those adults, was safe well tolerated children.International Maternal Pediatric Adolescent AIDS Clinical Trial (IMPAACT) P1093 is phase 1-2 ongoing multicentre, open-label, non-comparative study dolutegravir. A 5 mg studied aged 4 weeks less...
Abstract Objective: Stunted children have an increased risk of diminished cognitive development, diabetes, degenerative and CVD later in life. Numerous modifiable factors decrease the stunting children. This study aimed to assess role individual, household social on Zimbabwean Design: A 1:2 unmatched case–control study. Setting: was conducted two predominantly rural provinces (one with highest national prevalence one lowest prevalence) Zimbabwe. Participants: Data were obtained from...
This observational study aimed to describe immunopathogenesis and treatment outcomes in children with without severe acute malnutrition (SAM) HIV-infection. We studied markers of microbial translocation (16sDNA), intestinal damage (iFABP), monocyte activation (sCD14), T-cell (CD38, HLA-DR) immune exhaustion (PD1) 32 HIV-infected 41 SAM prior initiation antiretroviral therapy (ART) cross-sectionally compared these 15 HIV-uninfected 19 SAM. then prospectively measured correlated them the at 48...
Background. The International Maternal Pediatric Adolescent AIDS Clinical Trials Network (IMPAACT) P1060 study demonstrated short-term superiority of lopinavir/ritonavir (LPV/r) over nevirapine (NVP) in antiretroviral therapy (ART), regardless prior NVP exposure. However, NVP-based ART had a marginal benefit CD4 percentage (CD4%) and growth. We compared 5-year outcomes from this clinical trial. Methods. Human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)–infected, ART-eligible children were enrolled into 2...
Early combination antiretroviral therapy (cART) reduces the size of viral reservoir in paediatric and adult HIV infection. Very early-treated children may have higher cure/remission potential.In an observational study 151 utero (IU)-infected infants KwaZulu-Natal, South Africa, whose treatment adhered strictly to national guidelines, 76 diagnosed via point-of-care (PoC) testing initiated cART at a median 26 h (IQR 18-38) 75 standard-of-care (SoC) laboratory-based 10 days 8-13). We analysed...
Abstract Background Dolutegravir (DTG)-based antiretroviral therapy (ART) is highly effective and well-tolerated in adults rapidly being adopted globally. We describe the design of ODYSSEY trial which evaluates efficacy safety DTG-based ART compared with standard-of-care children adolescents. The includes nested pharmacokinetic (PK) sub-studies evaluated pragmatic World Health Organization (WHO) weight-band-based DTG dosing opened recruitment to < 14 kg while was development. Methods...
BackgroundChildren with HIV-associated tuberculosis (TB) have few antiretroviral therapy (ART) options. We aimed to evaluate the safety and pharmacokinetics of dolutegravir twice-daily dosing in children receiving rifampicin for TB.MethodsWe nested a two-period, fixed-order pharmacokinetic substudy within open-label, multicentre, randomised, controlled, non-inferiority ODYSSEY trial at research centres South Africa, Uganda, Zimbabwe. Children (aged 4 weeks <18 years) TB who were eligible...