A5011774091- Plant and fungal interactions
- Plant-Microbe Interactions and Immunity
- Fungal Biology and Applications
- Fungal Plant Pathogen Control
- Legume Nitrogen Fixing Symbiosis
- Mycorrhizal Fungi and Plant Interactions
- Plant Pathogens and Fungal Diseases
- Photosynthetic Processes and Mechanisms
- Plant Disease Resistance and Genetics
- Mycotoxins in Agriculture and Food
- Fungal and yeast genetics research
- Plant Pathogens and Resistance
- Plant nutrient uptake and metabolism
- Plant tissue culture and regeneration
- Plant Pathogenic Bacteria Studies
- Plant Toxicity and Pharmacological Properties
- Plant responses to water stress
- Botanical Research and Chemistry
- Microbial metabolism and enzyme function
- Polysaccharides and Plant Cell Walls
- Geology and Paleoclimatology Research
- Neutrophil, Myeloperoxidase and Oxidative Mechanisms
- Nematode management and characterization studies
- Photoreceptor and optogenetics research
- Plant Molecular Biology Research
Nagoya University
2013-2024
Kindai University
2014-2022
Austin Hospital
2021
Massey University
2005-2020
Ryukoku University
2019
Hokkaido University
2015-2017
Kurashiki Central Hospital
2012
Waseda University
2009-2010
Genomics (United Kingdom)
2007
Konan University
1990
Abstract Although much is known about the signals and mechanisms that lead to pathogenic interactions between plants fungi, comparatively little fungus–plant mutualistic symbioses. We describe a novel role for reactive oxygen species (ROS) in regulating interaction clavicipitaceous fungal endophyte, Epichloë festucae, its grass host, Lolium perenne. In wild-type associations, E. festucae grows systemically intercellular spaces of leaves as infrequently branched hyphae parallel leaf axis. A...
Summary While much is known about the biosynthesis of secondary metabolites by filamentous fungi their biological role often less clear. The assumption these pathways have adaptive value to organism but evidence support this lacking. We provide first genetic that fungal produced metabolite, peramine, protects a host plant from insect herbivory. Peramine potent feeding deterrent synthesized Epichloë/Neotyphodium mutualistic endophytes in association with grass hosts. structure...
Abstract The filamentous fungus Alternaria alternata contains seven pathogenic variants (pathotypes), which produce host-specific toxins and cause diseases on different plants. Previously, the gene cluster involved in AK-toxin biosynthesis of Japanese pear pathotype was isolated, four genes, named AKT were identified. homologs also found strawberry tangerine pathotypes, AF-toxin ACT-toxin, respectively. This result is consistent with fact that these pathotypes share a common...
Abstract Key requirements for microbes to initiate and establish mutualistic symbiotic interactions with plants are evasion of potential host defense responses strict control microbial growth. Reactive oxygen species (ROS) produced by a specific NADPH oxidase isoform, NoxA, regulate hyphal growth in the interaction between fungal endophyte Epichloë festucae its grass Lolium perenne. Unlike mammalian systems, little is known about complex response differentiation signals. We identify an E....
Regulated synthesis of reactive oxygen species (ROS) by membrane-bound fungal NADPH oxidases (Nox) plays a key role in morphogenesis, growth, and development. Generation the plant symbiotic fungus, Epichloë festucae , requires functional assembly multisubunit complex composed NoxA, regulatory component, NoxR, small GTPase RacA. However, mechanism for activation this at plasma membrane is unknown. We found yeast two-hybrid coimmunoprecipitation assays that E. NoxR interacts with homologs...
The Japanese pear pathotype of Alternaria alternata causes black spot by producing a host-specific toxin known as AK-toxin. Restriction enzyme-mediated integration (REMI) mutagenesis was used to tag genes required for biosynthesis. Protoplasts wild-type strain were treated with linearized plasmid along the restriction enzyme linearize plasmid. Of 984 REMI transformants recovered, three produced no detectable AK-toxin and lost pathogenicity on leaves. Genomic DNA flanking integrated recovered...
Small GTPases of the Rac group play a key regulatory role in NADPH oxidase catalysed production reactive oxygen species (ROS) mammals and plants, but very little evidence is available for corresponding fungi. We recently showed that ROS produced by specific fungal isoform, NoxA, are crucial regulating hyphal morphogenesis growth mutualistic symbiotic interaction between Epichloë festucae perennial ryegrass. demonstrate here E. RacA required NoxA activation regulated to maintain interaction....
Clavicipitaceous fungal endophytes of the genera Epichloë and Neotyphodium form symbioses with grasses subfamily Pooideae, in which they can synthesize an array bioprotective alkaloids. Some strains produce ergopeptine alkaloid ergovaline, is implicated livestock toxicoses caused by ingestion endophyte-infected grasses. Cloning analysis a nonribosomal peptide synthetase (NRPS) gene from lolii revealed putative cluster for ergovaline biosynthesis containing single-module NRPS gene, lpsB,...
The filamentous fungus Alternaria alternata includes seven pathogenic variants (pathotypes) which produce different host-selective toxins and cause diseases on plants. Japanese pear pathotype produces the AK-toxin, an epoxy-decatrienoic acid ester, causes black spot of pear. Previously, we identified four genes, AKT1, AKT2, AKT3, AKTR, involved in AK toxin biosynthesis. AKT3 encode enzyme proteins with peroxisomal targeting signal type 1 (PTS1)-like tripeptides, SKI, SKL, PKL, respectively,...
The Japanese pear pathotype of Alternaria alternata produces host-specific AK-toxin and causes black spot pear. Previously, a cosmid clone, pcAKT-1, was isolated that contains two genes, AKT1 AKT2, within 5.0-kb region required for biosynthesis. wild-type strain has multiple, nonfunctional copies these genes. In the present study, additional AKTR-1 AKT3-1, downstream AKT2 were identified. Transformation wild type with AKTR-1- AKT3-1-targeting vectors produced toxin-deficient (Tox-),...
ABSTRACT Fungal isolates from gray leaf spot on perennial ryegrass (prg isolates) were characterized by DNA analyses, mating tests, and pathogenicity assays. All of the prg interfertile with Triticum clustered into crop isolate group (CC group) a dendrogram constructed rDNA-internal transcribed spacer 2 sequences. Since CC corresponded to newly proposed species, Magnaporthe oryzae, all designated M. oryzae. However, fingerprinting MGR586, MGR583, Pot2 showed that are divided two distinct...
Plants recognize molecular patterns unique to a certain group of microbes induce effective resistance mechanisms. Elicitins are secretory proteins produced by plant pathogenic oomycete genera including
Basal plant immune responses are activated by the recognition of conserved microbe-associated molecular patterns (MAMPs), or breakdown molecules released from plants after damage pathogen penetration, so-called damage-associated (DAMPs). While chitin-oligosaccharide (CHOS), a primary component fungal cell walls, is most known as MAMP, wall-derived oligosaccharides, cello-oligosaccharides (COS) cellulose, and xylo-oligosaccharide (XOS) hemicellulose representative DAMPs. In this study,...
Summary Transcription factors containing a Z n( II ) 2 Cys 6 binuclear cluster DNA ‐binding domain are unique to fungi and key regulators of fungal growth development. The C 6‐ n transcription factor, Pro 1, in S ordaria macrospora is crucial for maturation sexual fruiting bodies. In forward genetic screen identify E pichloë festucae symbiosis genes we identified mutant with an insertion proA . Plants infected the underwent premature senescence. Hyphae Δ had proliferative pattern within...
Epichloë festucae is an endophytic fungus which systemically colonizes temperate grasses to establish symbiotic associations. Maintaining symptomless infection a key requirement for endophytes, feature that distinguishes them from pathogenic fungi. While fungi extend their hyphae by tip growth, of E. colonize the intercellular space expanding host leaves via unique mechanism hyphal intercalary growth. This study reports two homologous Rho GTPases, Cdc42 and RacA, have distinctive roles in...
Botrytis cinerea, a plant pathogenic fungus with wide host range, has reduced sensitivity to fungicides as well phytoalexins, threatening cultivation of economically important fruits and vegetable crops worldwide. B. cinerea tolerates array through efflux and/or enzymatic detoxification. Previously, we provided evidence that distinctive set genes were induced in when treated different phytoalexins such rishitin (produced by tomato potato), capsidiol (tobacco bell pepper) resveratrol (grape...
ABSTRACT The tangerine pathotype of Alternaria alternata produces a host-selective toxin (HST), known as ACT-toxin, and causes brown spot disease citrus. structure ACT-toxin is closely related to AK- AF-toxins, which are HSTs produced by the Japanese pear strawberry pathotypes A. alternata, respectively. AC-, AK-, AF-toxins chemically similar share 9,10-epoxy-8-hydroxy-9-methyl-decatrienoic acid moiety. Two genes controlling AK-toxin biosynthesis (AKT1 AKT2) were recently cloned from...
The gray mold pathogen
Enhancement of the nitrogen-fixing ability endophytic bacteria in rice is expected to result improved nitrogen use under low-nitrogen conditions. Endophytic require a large amount energy fix atmospheric nitrogen. However, it unknown which carbon source and would affect activity rice. Therefore, this study examined genotypic variations plant stem as affected by non-structural carbohydrates bacterial flora field-grown In field experiments, six varieties 10 genotypes were grown 2017 2018...
Summary Cell–cell fusion in fungi is required for colony formation, nutrient transfer and signal transduction. Disruption of genes hyphal Epichloë festucae , a mutualistic symbiont Lolium grasses, severely disrupts the host interaction phenotype. They examined whether symB symC E. homologs Podospora anserina self‐signaling IDC2 IDC3 are symbiosis. Deletion mutants these were defective cell fusion, formed intra‐hyphal hyphae, had enhanced conidiation. SymB‐GFP SymC‐mRFP1 localize to plasma...