Changes in the number, size, and shape of dendritic spines are associated with synaptic plasticity, which underlies cognitive functions such as learning memory. This plasticity is attributed to reorganization actin, but molecular signals that regulate this process poorly understood. In study, we show neural Wiskott-Aldrich syndrome protein (N-WASP) regulates formation synapses hippocampal neurons. N-WASP localized active, functional shown by loading FM4-64 dye. Knock down endogenous...

Background/aim Recent rule changes regarding the safety of basketball athletes necessitate up-to-date reports injury incidence. This study describes epidemiology injuries in men's and women's National Collegiate Athletic Association (NCAA) during 2009/2010–2014/2015 seasons. Methods Basketball data originate from academic years NCAA Injury Surveillance Program (NCAA-ISP) 78 74 programmes which provided 176 181 team-seasons, respectively. A reportable occurred organised practice or...

Study Design: A retrospective cohort study.Purpose: To evaluate whether using antibiotic-impregnated bone graft (AIBG) enhances infection control and shortens the postoperative course of pyogenic discitis vertebral osteomyelitis (PDVO).Overview Literature: Surgical treatment PDVO is indicated for neurological deficit, instability, unknown pathogen, or poorly controlled infection.The posterior-only approach effective but requires 4-6 weeks antibiotic postoperatively.We hypothesized that AIBG...

To evaluate the 1-year mortality of elderly patients after isolated acetabular fractures treated both operatively and nonoperatively, compared with nonisolated fractures.Retrospective review.Single level 1 trauma center.All consecutive who were 60 years age older for over a 12-year period (n = 176).Operative nonoperative management.1-year mortality.Exclusion criteria group included associated injuries to other body systems (Abbreviated Injury Score >2), long bone fractures, concurrent sacral...

Previous 1-year mortality studies of pelvic fractures in elderly patients have focused on pubic rami fractures, with multiple injuries, or both. Baseline information the isolated is unavailable. The purpose this study was to evaluate (aged 60 years older) after posterior ring involvement (Orthopaedic Trauma Association type 61-B and C). All aged older treated for injuries at a single Level I trauma center over 12-year period were retrospectively reviewed (N=1223). Exclusion criteria...

Review of literature.This review literature investigates the application mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) in spinal fusion, highlights potential uses development bone grafts, and discusses limitations based on both preclinical clinical models.A was conducted looking at current studies using for augmentation fusion animal human models.Eleven were found that used various models. Average rates across 59.8% autograft 73.7% cell-based grafts. Outcomes included manual palpation stressing radiography,...

Knee injuries cause structural damage and acute inflammation that initiates the development of post-traumatic osteoarthritis (PTOA). NADPH oxidase 4 (Nox4), a member family enzymes generates reactive oxygen species (ROS), plays pivotal role in normal musculoskeletal system, but may increase ROS production to harmful levels after joint injury. The both homeostasis injury is poorly understood, inhibition excessive by Nox4 could be protective joint, decreasing oxidative stress, initiation PTOA....

In this study, the authors' goal was to determine intra- and interobserver reliability of a new classification system that allows description all possible constructs used across three-column osteotomies (3COs) in terms rod configuration density.

To evaluate the precise objective fluoroscopic abnormalities in persons with dysphagia following anterior cervical spine surgery (ACSS).129 patients after ACSS were age and sex matched to 129 healthy controls. All individuals underwent videofluoroscopic swallow study (VFSS). VFSS parameters abstracted included upper esophageal sphincter (UES) opening, penetration aspiration scale (PAS), pharyngeal constriction ratio (PCR). Other data collected patient-reported outcome measures of voice...

In the United States, rat-bite fever is a rare systemic illness principally caused by Streptobacillus moniliformis , an organism found in nasopharyngeal flora of rodents. Infection through direct exposure to rat excreta such as saliva, urine, or feces can lead fever, rash, and asymmetric migratory polyarthritis. As rodents are becoming more popular pets, pediatric cases being documented. We report case delayed onset septic arthritis left wrist right knee due S. from bite. Previously reported...

Protein serine/threonine phosphatase (PP2A) is a major cellular enzyme implicated in the control of numerous signaling processes. The accurate measurement PP2A activity crude cell lysates, immune complexes, and purified preparations provides insight into function regulation this essential enzyme, which, turn, can lead to better understanding pathways that it modulates. method presented here utilizes 6,8-difluoro-4-methylumbelliferyl phosphate (DiFMUP) FLEXstation for continuous measure...

Objectives A Zenker's diverticulum (ZD) is a hypopharyngeal pulsion diverticula caused by dysfunction of the cricopharyngeus muscle with herniation mucosa through Killian's dehiscence. Anterior cervical spine surgery (ACSS) can cause Zenker's‐like traction (ZTD) similar presentation but different pathophysiology. The purpose this investigation was to compare fluoroscopic parameters and surgical outcomes ZTD after ACSS those typical ZD. Study Design Case‐control study. Methods charts patients...

This study is the first biomechanical research of headless compression screws for fixation vertical shear fractures medial malleolus, a promising alternative that potentially offers several advantages fixation. Vertical were simulated by osteotomies in 20 synthetic distal tibiae. Models randomly assigned to with either 2 parallel cancellous or Acutrak (Acumed). Specimens subjected offset axial loading simulate supination-adduction and tracked using high-resolution video. The screw construct...

Abstract Previous studies aimed at identifying predictors of clinical outcomes following surgical decompression for degenerative cervical myelopathy (DCM) are limited by multicollinearity among predictors, whereby the high degree correlation between covariates precludes detection potentially significant findings. We apply partial least squares (PLS), a data-driven approach, to model multi-dimensional variance and dissociate patient phenotypes associated with functional, disability, quality...

Background: Disorders of the hip and lumbar spine can create similar patterns pain dysfunction. It is unknown whether all surgeons, regardless orthopedic or neurosurgery training, investigate diagnose concurrent pathology at same rate. Methods: Data were retrieved from Taiwan’s National Health Insurance Research Database (NHIRD). Enrolled patients stratified into surgery admission (Both), before (HS), (SH). The SH group was further subdivided based on performed by an surgeon (OS)...

INTRODUCTION: According to the Roussouly classification, spine’s inflection point is where lordosis transitions kyphosis. METHODS: A single-institution, retrospective cohort study was performed for patients undergoing ASD surgery from 2009-21. Inclusion criteria were: =5-level fusion, sagittal/coronal deformity, and 2-year follow-up. The primary independent variable point. Postoperative outcomes were overall mechanical complications, reoperations, proximal junction kyphosis, pseudarthrosis,...