A5071852327- Mosquito-borne diseases and control
- Trypanosoma species research and implications
- Malaria Research and Control
- Insect symbiosis and bacterial influences
- Insect Resistance and Genetics
- Insect Pest Control Strategies
- Vector-borne infectious diseases
- Insect behavior and control techniques
- Viral Infections and Vectors
- Research on Leishmaniasis Studies
- Vector-Borne Animal Diseases
- Global Maternal and Child Health
- Insect-Plant Interactions and Control
- Evolution and Genetic Dynamics
- Migration, Health and Trauma
- Mental Health Treatment and Access
- Attachment and Relationship Dynamics
- Parasites and Host Interactions
- Adolescent Sexual and Reproductive Health
- HIV/AIDS Research and Interventions
- Diptera species taxonomy and behavior
- Hepatitis Viruses Studies and Epidemiology
- Patient-Provider Communication in Healthcare
- Economic Analysis and Policy
- Patient Dignity and Privacy
Gulu University
2015-2025
University of Nairobi
2021-2024
Mount Kenya University
2023
Uganda Virus Research Institute
2020
University of Mississippi
2019
Kenya Medical Research Institute
2013
FAO/IAEA Agriculture and Biotechnology Laboratories
2001-2002
International Atomic Energy Agency
2001
Ministry of Health
1989
HIV-positive women suffer a high burden of mental disorders due in part to gender-based violence (GBV). Comorbid depression and posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) are typical psychiatric consequences GBV. Despite attention the HIV-GBV syndemic, few HIV clinics offer formal healthcare. This problem is acute sub-Saharan Africa, where world's majority live prevalence GBV high.
Uses of indoor residual spraying (IRS), long-lasting insecticidal nets (LLINS) and treatment with artemisinin-based combination therapy (ACT) are greatly promoted in the northern part Uganda as mitigating strategies for malaria episodes. Unfortunately, region remains fourth highest burden a prevalence 12%. This study assesses household predictors episodes their impact on at level. A cross-sectional was conducted four districts Gulu, Oyam, Kitgum Agago covering sixteen villages Uganda. Data...
Abstract Objectives To test the hypothesis that a screening and treatment intervention for early cryptococcal infection would improve survival among HIV ‐infected individuals with low CD 4 cell counts. Methods Newly enrolled patients at F amily AIDS C are E ducation S ervices ( FACES ) in K enya ≤ 100 cells/μl were tested serum antigen (s CrA g). Individuals s g titre ≥ 1:2 treated high‐dose fluconazole. Cox proportional hazard models of aplan– M eier curves used to compare historical...
Livestock trypanosomiasis, transmitted mainly by tsetse flies of the genus Glossina is a major constraint to livestock health and productivity in sub-Saharan Africa. Knowledge prevalence intensity trypanosomiasis important understanding epidemiology disease. The objectives this study were (a) assess trypanosome infections cattle, (b) investigate reasons for heterogeneity disease infested districts Amuru Nwoya, northern Uganda. A cross-sectional was conducted from September, 2011 January,...
Tsetse flies (Glossina spp.) are vectors of parasitic trypanosomes, which cause human (HAT) and animal African trypanosomiasis (AAT) in sub-Saharan Africa. In Uganda, Glossina fuscipes (Gff) is the main vector HAT, where it transmits Gambiense disease northwest Rhodesiense central, southeast western regions. Endosymbionts can influence transmission efficiency parasites through their insect via conferring a protective effect against parasite. It known that bacterium Spiroplasma capable...
Background While Human African Trypanosomiasis (HAT) is in decline on the continent of Africa, disease still remains a major health problem Uganda. There are recurrent sporadic outbreaks traditionally endemic areas south-east Uganda, and continued spread to new unaffected central We evaluated evolutionary dynamics underpinning origin foci impact host species parasite genetic diversity genotyped 269 Trypanosoma brucei isolates collected from different regions Uganda southwestern Kenya at 17...
Uganda is the only country where chronic and acute forms of human African Trypanosomiasis (HAT) or sleeping sickness both occur are separated by < 100 km in areas north Lake Kyoga. In Uganda, Glossina fuscipes main vector Trypanosoma parasites responsible for these diseases as well animal (AAT), Nagana. We used highly polymorphic microsatellite loci a mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) marker to provide fine scale spatial resolution genetic structure G. f. from 42 sampling sites northern region...
African trypanosomiasis, caused by protozoa of the genus Trypanosoma and transmitted tsetse fly, is a serious parasitic disease humans animals. Reliable data on vector distribution, feeding preference trypanosome species they carry pertinent to planning sustainable control strategies.We deployed 109 biconical traps in 10 villages two districts northwestern Uganda obtain information apparent density, infection status blood meal sources flies. A subset (272) collected samples was analyzed for...
Glossina fuscipes is a tsetse species of high economic importance in Uganda where it responsible for transmitting animal African trypanosomiasis (AAT) and both the chronic acute forms human (HAT). We used genotype data from 17 microsatellites mitochondrial DNA marker to assess temporal changes gene frequency samples collected between periods ranging 2008 2014 nine localities spanning regions known harbor two HAT northern Uganda.Our findings suggest that majority studied populations foci are...
We examine the efficacy of nonspecialists delivering interpersonal psychotherapy (IPT) to HIV-positive (HIV+) women. describe a case in which local personnel without prior mental health training delivered IPT for treatment depression and posttraumatic stress disorder an HIV+ woman who reported experiencing gender-based violence was enrolled HIV care at Family AIDS, Care, Education Services program Kisumu, Kenya.
Abstract To monitor the quality of male tsetse for use in sterile insect technique (SIT), a field cage test was developed and evaluated. Mating competitiveness tested with Glossina pallidipes Austen that emerged from pupae stored different periods at 15°C. Control males 23–24°C 26.5°C. Each sample divided into two groups one group being irradiated 120 Gy; other not irradiated. More than 70% maximum possible number mating pairs occurred all tests. Males kept low temperature then formed...
Understanding the mechanisms that enforce, maintain or reverse process of speciation is an important challenge in evolutionary biology. This study investigates patterns divergence and discusses processes form divergent lineages tsetse fly Glossina fuscipes Uganda. We sampled 251 flies from 18 sites spanning known genetic four admixture zones between them. apply population genomics, hybrid zone approximate Bayesian computation to analysis three types markers: 55,267 double-digest restriction...
Abstract Objective The aim of the study was to determine level insecticide resistance and diversity in Anopheles mosquitoes northern Uganda. Standard WHO susceptibility test assays were used for 0.5% malathion, 0.1% bendiocarb, 0.05% deltamethrin 0.75% permethrin on 3–5 day old generation one progeny. We also screened species knockdown using PCR assay. Results gambiae s.s. is predominant malaria vector Uganda followed by An. arabiensis. s .s. susceptible malathion bendiocarb with observed...
Scalable PTSD screening strategies must be brief, accurate and capable of administration by a non-specialized workforce. We used as determined the structured clinical interview our gold standard considered predictors sets (a) Posttraumatic Stress Checklist-5 (PCL-5), (b) Primary Care Screen for DSM-5 (PC-PTSD) and, (c) PCL-5 PC-PTSD questions to identify optimal items public sector settings in Kenya. A logistic regression model using LASSO was fit minimizing average squared error validation...
Objectives We conducted an implementation science mental health treatment study in western Kenya, testing strategies for scale up of evidence-based services common adult disorders using a non-specialist workforce, integrated with existing primary care (Sequential Multiple, Assignment Randomized Trial non-specialist-delivered psychotherapy (Interpersonal Psychotherapy) and/or medication (fluoxetine) major depression and post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) (SMART DAPPER)). Because launch...
Abstract Tsetse flies (genus Glossina ) are the only vector for parasitic trypanosomes responsible sleeping sickness and nagana across sub‐Saharan Africa. In Uganda, tsetse fly fuscipes is transmission of parasite in 90% cases, co‐occurrence both forms human‐infective makes control a priority. We use population genetic data from 38 samples northern Uganda novel methodological pipeline that integrates data, remotely sensed environmental hundreds field‐survey observations. This identifies...
During an outbreak of Rhodesian sleeping sickness in the Lambwe Valley 1980 initial tsetse control measures consisted applications dieldrin to periphery Ruma National Park. This activity had a marked effect on prevalence sickness. Concern about use caused cessation this programme and justified aerial spray using endosulfan. Although did not appear be good candidate for spray, endosulfan fly levels Sleeping cases were detected decreasing numbers eight months following programme, but...
The recent success of the sterile insect technique (SIT) in eradicating Glossina austeni from Zanzibar has stimulated interest applying this technology to control pallidipes. However, little is known about mating behaviour species relation development and implementation an effective SIT programme. effect age on male female receptivity was evaluated together with copulation duration, sperm transfer growth accessory gland follicle A males females, respectively. Females reached their optimal...
Insecticide decay rate on different wall surfaces is of importance to indoor residual spray (IRS) programs used as a malaria control intervention. Past IRS operations showed increasing populations endophilic vectors resting from various sites in Uganda following use Ficam VC (bendiocarb) insecticide; variability insecticide life was believed be primarily due surface type. Bendiocarb longevity tested the northern districts Amuru, Apac, and Pader assess its efficacy three commonly encountered...
SMART DAPPER is an implementation science study responding to mental health treatment gaps for depression and trauma-related disorders in Sub-Saharan Africa (SSA). We report on patient experiences a using Sequential, Multiple Assignment Randomized Trial (SMART) design test first second line non-specialist psychotherapy (Interpersonal Psychotherapy [IPT] or medication (fluoxetine [FLX]), integrated within public sector primary care western Kenya. An embedded qualitative conducted in-depth...