A5039242647- Immune Response and Inflammation
- Stress Responses and Cortisol
- SARS-CoV-2 and COVID-19 Research
- Antimicrobial Peptides and Activities
- Influenza Virus Research Studies
- Tryptophan and brain disorders
- Antibiotic Resistance in Bacteria
- Food Allergy and Anaphylaxis Research
- Immunotherapy and Immune Responses
- Asthma and respiratory diseases
- Invertebrate Immune Response Mechanisms
- Immune Cell Function and Interaction
- Bacterial Infections and Vaccines
- S100 Proteins and Annexins
- T-cell and B-cell Immunology
- Thermal Regulation in Medicine
- Neutrophil, Myeloperoxidase and Oxidative Mechanisms
- Bacillus and Francisella bacterial research
- Tissue Engineering and Regenerative Medicine
- Veterinary medicine and infectious diseases
- Biosensors and Analytical Detection
- Neuroendocrine regulation and behavior
- Viral Infections and Outbreaks Research
- Blood transfusion and management
- Synthetic Organic Chemistry Methods
Paul Ehrlich Institut
2012-2024
University of Konstanz
1999-2002
The glycosylphosphatidylinositol-anchored receptor CD14 plays a major role in the inflammatory response of monocytes to lipopolysaccharide. Here, we describe that ceramide, constituent atherogenic lipoproteins, binds and induces clustering co-receptors rafts. In resting cells, was associated with CD55, Fcγ-receptors CD32 CD64 pentaspan CD47. Ceramide further recruited complement 3 (CD11b/CD18) CD36 into proximity CD14. Lipopolysaccharide, addition, induced co-clustering Toll-like 4,...
Recently Toll-like receptors (TLRs) have been found to be involved in cellular activation by microbial products, including lipopolysaccharide, lipoproteins, and peptidoglycan. Although for these ligands the specific transmembrane signal transducers TLR-4, TLR-2, or TLR-2 -6 now identified, molecular basis of recognition lipoteichoic acids (LTAs) related glycolipids has not completely understood. In order determine role TLRs immune cell stimuli, experiments involving TLR-2-negative lines,...
The Middle East respiratory syndrome coronavirus (MERS-CoV) emerged in 2012 as the causative agent of a severe disease with fatality rate approximately 30%. high virulence and mortality prompted us to analyze aspects MERS-CoV pathogenesis, especially its interaction innate immune cells such antigen-presenting (APCs). Particularly, we analyzed secretion type I III interferons (IFNs) by APCs, i.e., B cells, macrophages, monocyte-derived/myeloid dendritic (MDDCs/mDCs), plasmacytoid (pDCs) human...
ABSTRACT Fractionation of commercial preparations lipoteichoic acids (LTA) by hydrophobic interaction chromatography (HIC) and nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy revealed very inhomogeneous compositions decomposition the LTA structure: content averaged 61% for Streptococcus pyogenes , 16% Bacillus subtilis 75% Staphylococcus aureus . The was characterized a loss glycerophosphate units as well alanine N -acetylglucosamine substituents. All contained—to varying degrees—non-LTA,...
We have recently shown that highly purified lipoteichoic acid (LTA) represents a major immunostimulatory principle of Staphylococcus aureus. In order to test whether this translates other bacterial species, we extracted and LTA from 12 laboratory-grown species. All induced the release TNF-α, IL-1β, IL-6 IL-10 in human whole blood. Soluble CD14 (sCD14) inhibited monokine induction by but failed confer responsiveness for IL-8 umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVEC). competitive LPS-binding...
As an immune response to COVID-19 infection, patients develop SARS-CoV-2-specific IgM/IgG antibodies. Here, we compare the performance of a conventional lateral flow assay (LFA) with surface-enhanced Raman scattering (SERS)-based LFA test for detection in sera patients. Sensitive IgM might enable early serological diagnosis acute infections. Rapid serum using custom-built SERS reader is at least order magnitude more sensitive than LFAs naked-eye detection. For absolute quantification and...
Clinical data indicate that inflammatory responses differ across sexes, but the mechanisms remain elusive. Herein, we assessed in vivo and ex cytokine to bacterial endotoxin healthy men women elucidate role of systemic cellular factors underlying sex differences responses. Participants received an i.v. injection low-dose (0.4 ng/kg body mass), plasma TNF-α IL-6 were analyzed over a period 6 h. In parallel, production was measured endotoxin-stimulated blood samples obtained immediately before...
Abstract Background Monophosphoryl lipid A ( MPLA ), a nontoxic TLR 4 ligand derived from lipopolysaccharide LPS is used clinically as an adjuvant in cancer, hepatitis, and malaria vaccines allergen‐specific immunotherapy. Nevertheless, its cell‐activating effects have not been analyzed comprehensive direct comparison including wide range of different immune cells. Therefore, the objective this study was side‐by‐side immune‐modulating properties on Methods Immune‐activating were compared...
Significance Vaccines profit from the addition of adjuvants to better and more specifically initiate, amplify, shape immune responses. Although number adjuvant candidates has steadily increased, peaking in current SARS-CoV-2 pandemic, little is known about their inherent mode action. Using human blood cells, we established a multilayer method systematically assess adjuvants’ effects on innate adaptive cells. By employing multiplex analysis with cells 30 different donors, determined important...
The rabbit pyrogen test (RPT) was the benchmark for pyrogenicity testing, but scientific advancements have provided innovative and humane methods, such as in vitro monocyte-activation (MAT). However, transitioning from RPT to MAT has been challenging. European Directorate Quality of Medicines & HealthCare, Council Europe, Partnership Alternative Approaches Animal Testing jointly hosted an international conference entitled "The future testing: phasing out test". aimed show how Pharmacopoeia...
We aimed to identify statistical predictor variables of lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced physical sickness symptoms during the acute and late inflammatory phases using multivariate regression analyses. Data from N = 128 healthy volunteers who received i.v. LPS injection (0.4 or 0.8 ng/kg) placebo were pooled for Physical experienced (0-6h postinjection) (6-24h assessed with validated General-Assessment-of-Side-Effects (GASE) questionnaire. LPS-treated subjects reported significantly more...
ABSTRACT The CD14 molecule expressed on monocytes and macrophages is a high-affinity receptor for bacterial lipopolysaccharide (LPS) hence an important component of the innate immune system. LPS binding protein (LBP) required to facilitate in vitro necessary induction inflammatory response vivo. Here we show that LBP can also bind lipoteichoic acid from gram-positive bacterium Bacillus subtilis . Although does not interact with intact B. organisms, brief exposure bacteria serum converts them...
The Bacterial Endotoxins Test (BET) is a critical safety test that used to detect bacterial endotoxins, which are the major contributor fever-inducing contamination risks known as pyrogens. All parenteral therapies, including every lot of injected drugs, vaccines, medical devices, must be tested for pyrogens ensure patient safety. endotoxins methods were developed highly sensitive detection method after discovery clotting cascade in horseshoe crab blood. However, species limited some inshore...
Conjugated vaccines consisting of flagellin and antigen activate TLR5 induce strong innate adaptive immune responses. Objective the present study was to gain further insight into mechanisms by which fusion proteins mediate their modulating effects. In a mouse model Ova-induced intestinal allergy protein Ova (rflaA:Ova) used for intranasal intraperitoneal vaccination. Aggregation status flaA, flaA:Ova were compared light scattering, uptake fluorescence labeled mDC analyzed, processing...
Ensuring the safety of parenteral drugs before injection into patients is utmost importance. New regulations around globe and need to refrain from using animals however, have highlighted for new cell sources be used in next-generation bioassays detect entire spectrum possible contaminating pyrogens. Given current drawbacks Monocyte-Activation-Test (MAT) with respect use primary peripheral blood mono-nuclear cells or monocytic lines, we here demonstrate manufacturing sensor...