Cellular adaptations that occur during skeletal muscle hypertrophy in response to high-volume resistance training are not well-characterized. Therefore, we sought explore how actin, myosin, sarcoplasmic protein, mitochondrial, and glycogen concentrations were altered individuals exhibited mean fiber cross-sectional area (fCSA) following 6 weeks of training. Thirty previously resistance-trained, college-aged males (mean ± standard deviation: 21±2 years, 5±3 years) had vastus lateralis (VL)...

Abstract Background Cancer Anorexia Cachexia Syndrome (CACS) is a distinct atrophy disease negatively influencing multiple aspects of clinical care and patient quality life. Although it directly causes 20% all cancer‐related deaths, there are currently no model systems that encompass the entire multifaceted syndrome, nor any effective therapeutic treatments. Methods A novel systemic metastasis was evaluated for comprehensive CACS (metastasis, skeletal muscle adipose tissue wasting,...

We examined if resistance training affected muscle NAD+ and NADH concentrations as well nicotinamide phosphoribosyltransferase (NAMPT) protein levels sirtuin (SIRT) activity markers in middle-aged, untrained (MA) individuals. MA participants (59±4 years old; n=16) completed 10 weeks of full-body (2 d/wk). Body composition, knee extensor strength, vastus lateralis biopsies were obtained prior to (Pre) 72 hours following the last bout (Post). Data from trained college-aged men (22±3 old, age:...

Limited evidence exists regarding differentially expressed biomarkers between previously-trained low versus high hypertrophic responders in response to resistance training. Herein, 30 college-aged males (training age 5 ± 3 years; mean SD) partook 6 weeks of high-volume Body composition, right leg vastus lateralis (VL) biopsies, and blood were obtained prior training (PRE) at the 3-week (W3) 6-week time points (W6). The 10 lowest (LOW) highest (HIGH) clustered based upon a composite...

We investigated the acute and chronic effects of resistance training (RT) on skeletal muscle markers mitochondrial content remodeling in older, untrained adults. Sixteen participants (n = 6 males, n 10 females; age 59 ± 4 years) completed weeks full-body RT (2 day/week). Muscle biopsies from vastus lateralis were obtained prior to (Pre), 24 hr following first session (Acute), 72 last (Chronic). Protein levels electron transport chain complexes I–V (+39 +180%, p ≤ .020) fusion Mfn1 (+90%,...

What is the central question of this study? Does 60 min peristaltic pulse external pneumatic compression (EPC) alter gene and protein expression patterns related to metabolism, vascular biology, redox balance inflammation in vastus lateralis biopsy samples? main finding its importance? A single bout EPC transiently upregulates PGC-1α mRNA, while also upregulating endothelial nitric oxide synthase metabolite concentrations samples. We investigated whether a whole-leg, lower pressure altered...

Resistance training generally increases skeletal muscle hypertrophy, whereas aging is associated with a loss in mass. Interestingly, select studies suggest that aging, as well resistance training, may lead to reduction the abundance of myofibrillar (or contractile) protein (per mg tissue). Proteomic interrogations have also demonstrated weeks months appreciable alterations proteome. Given this evidence, purpose small pilot study was examine total sarcoplasmic concentrations wet muscle) from...

Several published protocols exist for isolating contractile or myofibrillar (MF) proteins from skeletal muscle, however, achieving complete resuspension of the myofibril pellet can be technically challenging. We performed several previously MF isolation methods with intent determining which method was most suitable protein and solubilization. Here, we provide an optimized protocol to isolate sarcoplasmic solubilized fractions mammalian muscle downstream assays.

While high-load resistance training increases muscle hypertrophy, the intramuscular protein responses to this form of remains largely unknown. In current study, recreationally resistance-trained college-aged males (N=15; mean±SD: 23±3 years old, 6±5 training) performed full-body, low-volume, (68%-90% one repetition maximum (1RM)) over 10 weeks. Back squat strength testing, body composition and a vastus lateralis biopsy were before (PRE) 72 hours after 10-week program (POST). Fiber...

We examined whether acute and/or chronic skeletal muscle anabolism is impaired with a low-carbohydrate diet formulated to elicit ketosis (LCKD) vs. mixed macronutrient Western (WD). Male Sprague-Dawley rats (9-10 wk of age, 300–325 g) were provided isoenergetic amounts LCKD or WD for 6 wk. In AIM 1, basal serum and gastrocnemius assessments performed. 2, resistance exercised one bout euthanized 90–270 min following exercise analyses. 3, voluntarily daily resistance-loaded running wheels,...

The androgen-induced alterations in adult rodent skeletal muscle fibre cross-sectional area (fCSA), satellite cell content and myostatin (Mstn) were examined 10-month-old Fisher 344 rats (n = 41) assigned to Sham surgery, orchiectomy (ORX), ORX + testosterone (TEST; 7.0 mg week-1 ) or trenbolone (TREN; 1.0 ). After 29 days, animals euthanised the levator ani/bulbocavernosus (LABC) complex was harvested for analyses. LABC fCSA 102% 94% higher TEST TREN compared (p < .001). increased numbers...

The long interspersed nuclear element-1 (L1) is a retrotransposon that constitutes 17% of the human genome and associated with various diseases aging. Estimates suggest ~100 L1 copies are capable copying pasting into other regions genome. Herein, we examined if skeletal muscle markers affected by aging or an acute bout cycling exercise in humans. Apparently healthy younger (23 ± 3 y, n = 15) older participants (58 8 donated vastus lateralis biopsy before 1 h (PRE) at ~70% heart rate reserve....

The purpose of this study was to examine if L-leucine (Leu), β-hydroxy-β-methylbutyrate (HMB), or creatine monohydrate (Crea) prevented potential atrophic effects myostatin (MSTN) on differentiated C2C12 myotubes.After four days differentiation, myotubes were treated with MSTN (10 ng/ml) for two additional and treatment groups studied: 1) 3x per day 10 mM Leu, 2) HMB, 3) Crea, 4) DM only. Myotubes without analyzed as the control condition (DM/CTL). Following treatment, cells total protein,...

We examined the acute effects of different dietary protein sources (0.19 g, dissolved in 1 ml water) on skeletal muscle, adipose tissue and hypothalamic satiety-related markers fasted, male Wistar rats (~250 g).Oral gavage treatments included: a) whey concentrate (WPC, n = 15); b) 70:30 hydrolyzed whey-to-hydrolyzed egg albumin (70 W/30E, c) 50 W/50E (n d) 30 W/70E e) water with no as a fasting control (CTL, 14).Skeletal muscle analyses revealed that compared to CTL: phosphorylated (p) mTOR...

A unique polygenic model of rat physical activity has been recently developed where rats were selected for the trait low voluntary wheel running. We utilized this to identify differences in soleus and plantaris muscles sedentary running physically active exposed moderate amounts treadmill training. Three groups 28-day-old male Wistar used: (1) without a (SEDENTARY, n = 7), (2) housed with (WHEEL, (3) exercised on (5 days/week 20 min/day at 15.0 m/min) (WHEEL + TREADMILL, 7). Animals...

Background Phosphatidic acid (PA) is a diacyl-glycerophospholipid that acts as signaling molecule in numerous cellular processes. Recently, PA has been proposed to stimulate skeletal muscle protein accretion, but mechanistic studies are lacking. Furthermore, it unknown whether co-ingesting with other leucine-containing ingredients can enhance intramuscular anabolic mechanisms. Thus, the purpose of this study was examine if oral feeding acutely increases markers and synthesis (MPS)...

Background The primary purpose of this investigation was to examine the effects arachidonic acid (ARA) supplementation on functional performance and body composition in trained males. In addition, we performed a secondary study looking at molecular responses ARA following an acute exercise bout rodents. Methods Thirty strength-trained males (age: 20.4 ± 2.1 yrs) were randomly divided into two groups: or placebo (i.e. CTL). Then, both groups underwent 8-week, 3-day per week, non-periodized...

Several studies suggest resistance training (RT) while supplementing with various protein supplements can enhance strength and muscle mass in older individuals. However, to date, no study has examined the effects of RT a peanut powder (PP) supplement on these outcomes. Herein, 39 older, untrained individuals (n = 17 female, n 22 male; age 58.6 ± 8.0 years; body index =28.7 5.8) completed 6-week 22) or 10-week 17) program, where full-body was implemented twice weekly (ClinicalTrials.gov trial...

ABSTRACT Cellular adaptations that occur during skeletal muscle hypertrophy in response to high-volume resistance training are not well-characterized. Therefore, we sought explore how actin, myosin, sarcoplasmic protein, mitochondrial, and glycogen concentrations were altered individuals exhibited mean fiber cross-sectional area (fCSA) following 6 weeks of training. Thirty-one previously resistance-trained, college-aged males (mean ± standard deviation: 21±2 years, 5±3 years) had vastus...

Objective: The purpose of this study was to investigate the effects Fortetropin on skeletal muscle growth and strength in resistance-trained individuals anabolic catabolic signaling using human rodent models.Methods: In model, male Wistar rats (250 g) were gavage fed with either 1.2 ml tap water control (CTL) or 0.26 g for 8 days. Then participated a unilateral plantarflexion exercise bout. Nonexercised exercised limbs harvested at 180 minutes following analyzed gene protein expression...

Abstract Vann, CG, Haun, CT, Osburn, SC, Romero, MA, Roberson, PA, Mumford, PW, Mobley, CB, Holmes, HM, Fox, CD, Young, KC, and Roberts, MD. Molecular differences in skeletal muscle after 1 week of active vs. passive recovery from high-volume resistance training. J Strength Cond Res 35(8): 2102–2113, 2021—Numerous studies have evaluated how deloading training (RT) affects strength power outcomes. However, the molecular adaptations that occur deload periods remain understudied. Trained,...

There are animal data suggesting green tea can enhance blood flow. However, human lacking. Thus, the purpose of this study was to examine acute effects low and high doses a tea-based supplement (GBS) on brachial artery flow before following resistance exercise bout. In this, double-blinded placebo-controlled trial, college-aged males (n = 18) who self-reported recreationally training for previous 6 ± 3 years were assigned one two studies including (300 mg serving) 9) or dose (600 8; 1 drop)...