In this paper, we review the state of art two key hardware technologies that support vehicular applications: on-board embedded systems and wireless sensor networks (WSN). We focus on pre-competitive or state-of-the-art hardware, illustrate its use with case studies: on-line navigation assistance data collection in a mobile WSN. first (based joint collaboration within project FUNCMOV PGIDIT05TIC00501CT, Xunta de Galicia, Spain), describe our development experience automotive systems. second...

Packet switches with optical fabrics can potentially scale to higher capacities. It is also possible improve their reliability, and reduce both footprint power consumption. A well-known alternative for implementing hardwired Arrayed Waveguide Grating (AWG). Ideally, AWG insertion losses do not depend on the number of input-output ports, meaning that scalability theoretically infinite. However, accurate second-order assessment has demonstrated in-band crosstalk exponentially increases...

Abstract The load balanced Birkhoff–von Neumann switch is an elegant VOQ architecture with two outstanding characteristics: (i) it has a computational cost of O (1) iterations and (ii) input controllers do not exchange information (as result, allows decoupled implementations low power density). balancing stage guarantees stability under broad class traffic patterns. It may alter packet sequence, but this can be solved appropriate selection strategies. average delay caused by previous maximal...

Abstract The input‐buffered wavelength‐routed (IBWR) switch is a scalable fabric for optical packet switching (OPS) networks. In synchronous operation, when packets are of fixed duration and aligned at inputs, the scheduling this architecture can be characterised by type bipartite graph matching problem. This challenges design feasible algorithms in terms implementation complexity response time. A previous work presented evaluated insistent parallel desynchronized block (I‐PDBM) algorithm...

Most existing all-optical switching paradigms assume that different wavelengths are switched independently, which limits the scalability of core switches. In optical cell (OCS) paradigm, time is divided into slots fixed size by time-division multiplexing, and in a slot all bundled. Thus, each OCS switch (OCX) requires single plane performs mere time–space switching. OCS, OCX synchronizers (OSYNs) at inputs for arrival to be aligned so cells can simultaneously forwarded. We propose new...

Optical switching fabrics are gaining interest as in multi Terabit devices; the advantages over their electronic equivalents mainly information density and power consumption. Arrayed Waveguide Gratings (AWGs) promising optical devices proposed by academic industrial community to build fabrics. Because of wavelength routing property, AWGs allow reuse different ports introducing in-band crosstalk which strongly limits scalability AWG-based backplanes. However, this effect can be mitigated or...

Abstract In this paper we propose a novel scheduling approach for optical packet switching (OPS) WASPNET nodes, LBWS. Unlike the original description, our scheduler is fully distributed and its computational cost independent from switch size. This allows shorter packets, improving network performance. Based on deterministic evolution of configuration, algorithm predicts delays at ingress to guarantee stability, assigns fibre delay lines (FDLs) accordingly. It not necessary emulate RAM...

The growth of Internet traffic and the many different classes that exist make network performance control extremely difficult for operators. methods available rely on complex or costly hardware. However, recent research bandwidth sharing has introduced require only basic statistics aggregated link utilization, such as mean variance. This data can be easily obtained through SNMP calls, lowering cost monitoring systems. Unfortunately, to best our knowledge, no tools have yet been developed...

HomePlug powerline communications networks link individual computers or network segments via low-voltage power lines. The medium is a harsh channel, since it varies in time and has high attenuation. This makes difficult to communicate different devices distant places building. A possible solution the repeater we propose this paper. We show that impossible develop at physical layer, so have developed access control (MAC) level. Its main distinctive features are transparency (no planning...

Most all-optical switching paradigms assume that different wavelengths are switched independently, which limits scalability. In optical cell (OCS), time is divided into slots of fixed size by time-division multiplexing, and the in a slot all bundled. Thus, each OCS switch (OCX) has single plane performs mere time-space switching. OCS, OCX requires synchronizers (OSYNs) at inputs for arrival to be aligned, so cells can simultaneously forwarded. recent paradigm -not-aligned OCS-, OSYNs...

We characterize the assignment of shared fiber delay loops (FDLs) in optical switches as a min-cost max-flow problem to obtain bound on their optimum performance.

Optical Packet Switching (OPS) has been proposed as the ultimate solution for Wavelength Division Multiplexing (WDM) core networks, but it not achieved commercial status due to numerous technological requisites such packet tunable wavelength conversions, switching times in order of nanoseconds, and individual switching. Nevertheless, new OPS paradigms reduce complexity by eliminating conversions performing joint Moreover, interferometric optical devices capable two signals sub-nanosecond are...

In this paper we propose a novel scaling approach that combines the advantages of fully decoupled Birkhoff-von Neumann architecture and low latency maximal size matching (MSM) schedulers, to meet highly demanding performance requirements electro-optical switches. We identify sufficient condition for stability MSM scheduler. The particular case iSLIP is studied.

In [5] we proposed the load balanced WASPNET scheduler (LBWS), a novel scheduling approach for optical packet switching (OPS) nodes. Unlike original description, LBWS is fully distributed and its computational cost independent of switch size. Since it predicts delays at ingress based on deterministic evolution configuration, not necessary to emulate RAM memories. However, does maintain sequence. this paper present algorithm with ordering (OLBWS), first proposal prevent mis-sequencing in...

Previously the author's (Lopez-Bravo et al., 2007) proposed Load Balanced WASPNET Scheduler (LBWS), a novel scheduling approach for optical packet switching (OPS) nodes. Unlike original description, LBWS is fully distributed and its computational cost independent from switch size. Since it predicts delays at ingress based on deterministic evolution of configuration, not necessary to emulate RAM memories. However, does maintain sequence. In this paper we present algorithm with ordering...

The growth of Internet traffic and the variety classes make network performance extremely difficult to evaluate. Even though most current methods rely on complex or costly hardware, recent research bandwidth sharing has suggested possibility defining evaluation that simply require basic statistics aggregated link utilization, such as mean variance. This would greatly simplify monitoring systems these are easily calculable from Simple Network Management Protocol (SNMP) calls. However,...