Haemosporidians are a diverse group of vector-borne parasitic protozoa that includes the agents human malaria; however, most described species found in birds and reptiles. Although our understanding these parasites' diversity has expanded by analyses their mitochondrial genes, there is limited information on genes' evolutionary rates. Here, 114 genomes (mtDNA) were studied from belonging to four genera: Leucocytozoon, Haemoproteus, Hepatocystis, Plasmodium. Contrary previous assertions,...

To assess the presence of Helicobacter DNA in gastric mucosa Thoroughbred horses.Squamous and glandular samples were collected from 20 Thoroughbreds. None these horses had shown any clinical symptoms gastrointestinal disease. Necropsy tissues analysed using histopathological techniques a genus-specific PCR assay followed by sequencing amplicons. Seven diagnosed with ulceration, five gastritis six both pathologies. Only two healthy mucosa. Helicobacter-like was detected out seven ulcers,...

The hoatzin is unique among known avian species because of the fermentative function its enlarged crop. A small-bodied flying foregut fermenter a paradox, and this bird provides an interesting model to examine how diet selection gut microbiota contribute maximizing digestive efficiency. Therefore, we characterized bacterial population in crop six adult hoatzins captured from wild. total 1,235 16S rRNA gene sequences were grouped into 580 phylotypes (67% pooled richness sampled, based on...

Gut bacterial communities have been shown to be influenced by diet, host phylogeny and anatomy, but most of these studies done in captive animals. Here we compare the digestive tract wild birds. We characterized gizzard intestinal microbiota among 8 Neotropical bird species, granivorous or frugivorous species orders Columbiformes Passeriformes. sequenced V4 region 16S rRNA gene 94 collected samples from 32 birds 5 localities, compared foraging guild, organ, locality taxonomy. gene-based...

The causative agent of cholera, Vibrio cholerae, can enter into a viable but non-culturable (VBNC) state in response to unfavorable conditions. aim this study was evaluate the situ survival V. cholerae an aquatic environment Southern Caribbean Sea, and its induction resuscitation from VBNC state. non-O1, non-O139 inoculated diffusion chambers placed at Cuare Wildlife Refuge, Venezuela, monitored for plate, total cells counts. At 119 days exposure environment, colony count < 10 CFU/mL portion...

Hoatzin nestling locomotion suggests that bird transitional forms may have used a larger locomotor repertory.

1. Rumen-like methanogens identified from the crop of folivorous South American bird, hoatzin (Opisthocomus hoazin) André-Denis G Wright, Korinne S Northwood, Nestor E Obispo The ISME Journal CrossRef

Helicobacter pylori gastric colonization is known to be high in symptomatic subjects. However, only a few reports on the presence of H. esophageal mucosa have been published. The aim this study was assess frequency esophagus dyspeptic patients and its association with histopathology.The gastroesophageal detected by fluorescence situ hybridization (FISH) PCR analysis DNA extracted from biopsies 82 patients, using genus- species-specific primers. Alterations were assessed conventional...

The Cariaco Basin is characterized by pronounced and predictable vertical layering of microbial communities dominated reduced sulfur species at below the redox transition zone. Marine water samples were collected in May, 2005 2006, sampling stations A (10°30' N, 64°40' W), B (10°40' 64°45' W) D (10°43'N, 64°32'W) from different depths, including surface, interface, anoxic zones. In order to enrich for sulfate reducing bacteria (SRB), inoculated into anaerobic media amended with lactate or...

The Cariaco system is the second largest permanently anoxic marine water body in world. Its column characterized by a pronounced vertical layering of microbial communities. goal our study was to investigate distribution and diversity Vibrio spp. present Basin waters using denaturing gradient gel electrophoresis (DGGE) PCR-amplified 16S rDNA fragments. Representatives genus were detected nested direct PCR seawater at 10 depths. Sequence analyses 55 DGGE bands revealed that only 11 different...

The treatment of Helicobacter pylori infection is complicated by antibiotic resistance. A high levofloxacin (LVX) resistance rate was previously demonstrated in H. isolates from gastric mucosa (40%) and esophagus (19%) individual hosts a Venezuelan population. We aimed to assess the molecular mechanisms LVX susceptibility gastroesophageal mucosa, studying point mutations quinolone resistance–determining region gyrA gyrB genes. Sequencing genes ( N = 120) helped identify 60 (30 antrum 30...

Vibrio spp. are associated with waterbirds mainly in temperate latitudes. We evaluated the prevalence and distribution of from fecal samples resident migratory aquatic birds collected during October 2011 March 2012 at two coastal sites tropical southern Caribbean Sea. amplified DNA by PCR 40% samples, resulting 47% 36% estimated for Cuare Wildlife Refuge, 33% 44% Margarita Island, respectively. found nontoxigenic cholerae Refuge a higher (18%). Our results V. were not significantly different...

Proteus mirabilis is a human pathogen able to form biofilms on the surface of urinary catheters. Little known about P. natural or industrial surfaces and potential consequences for these settings. The main aim this work was assess compare adhesion biofilm formation strains from different origins chitin stainless steel within 4 96 h. Using environmental scanning electron microscopy, clinical strain grown at h showed greater adhesion, aggregation, thickness, extracellular matrix production...

Abstract Background: The spectrum of human non‐ pylori Helicobacter infections is expanding, with species such as H. heilmannii and felis occasionally being associated gastritis. However, the existence colonization in asymptomatic subjects has not been evaluated. aim this study was to investigate whether other than are present upper digestive tract subjects. Materials methods: A Helicobacteraceae‐specific semi‐nested polymerase chain reaction (PCR) assay used detect Helicobacter‐ like...

Non-H. pylori helicobacters (NHPH) have been demonstrated as gastric spiral-shaped bacteria in specimens obtained from dogs; however, their roles the pathogenesis of upper gastrointestinal disease not yet clearly established. The purpose this study was to evaluate prevalence NHPH DNA mucosa dogs and its association with histopathology. Helicobacter detected through histopathological techniques, PCR, FISH analysis fundic biopsies twenty or without signs disease. PCR were based on partial 16S...

The molecular mechanism of Helicobacter pylori resistance to tetracycline involves mutations in the primary binding site ribosome. A or reduced susceptibility could be result single, double triple 16S rRNA gene H. pylori. We investigated if genotype was correlated as determined phenotypically vitro for 96 isolates gastroesophageal mucosa Venezuelan individual hosts. E-test antimicrobial test and real-time PCR detection were performed (48 obtained from antrum, 48 oesophagus) eight dyspeptic...

Aims: This project investigated the utility of HP selective medium to isolate H. pylori cells from seawater and marine molluscs. Methods Results: Nested-PCR was performed reveal presence Helicobacter genus. All samples were cultured in 16 cultures initially selected as putative Helicobacter. spp. DNA detected 9/16 three them had 99–100% homology based on 16S RNA gene sequence. isolation unsuccessful. On basis sequences contaminating organisms shown be Proteus mirabilis Vibrio cholerae....

The fecal contamination of raw seafood by indicators and opportunistic pathogenic microorganisms represents a public health concern. objective this study was to investigate the presence enteric bacteria colonizing oysters collected from Venezuelan touristic area. Oyster samples were at northwestern coast Venezuela local salinity, pH, temperature, dissolved oxygen seawater recorded. Total coliforms measured for assessment microbiological quality water oysters, using Multiple Tube Fermentation...

The goal of this work was to assess the Helicobacter pylori prevalence in a rural mestizo population and compare it an urban from Venezuela. study performed gastric juice samples 71 dyspeptic patients Caracas (urban) 39 Tucupita (rural), Orinoco Delta region. detected by amplification 16S rRNA, glmM, ureA genes 55.0% 87.2% populations. cagA found positive 51% 62% patients, respectively. Non-H. species were not population, but 7.7% site. Frequency values higher population. odds ratio for each...

The Green-rumped Parrotlet (Forpus passerinus) feeds almost exclusively on seeds of Croton hirtus, (Euphorbiaceae) during reproduction. hirtus are low in protein and rich carbohydrates, particularly starch. We studied the bacterial composition crop to explore if microbial activity could enhance digestion by this parrotlet. Crop contents were cultured anaerobically counted agar dilution. Isolated strains identified membrane fatty acids analysis using gas chromatography. crops contained from...