A5076582556- Climate variability and models
- Meteorological Phenomena and Simulations
- Oceanographic and Atmospheric Processes
- Hydrology and Watershed Management Studies
- Tropical and Extratropical Cyclones Research
- Plant Water Relations and Carbon Dynamics
- Atmospheric and Environmental Gas Dynamics
- Water resources management and optimization
- Cryospheric studies and observations
- Hydrology and Drought Analysis
- Tree-ring climate responses
- Geophysics and Gravity Measurements
- Geology and Paleoclimatology Research
- Marine and coastal ecosystems
- Water-Energy-Food Nexus Studies
- Atmospheric Ozone and Climate
- Climate change and permafrost
- Ocean Waves and Remote Sensing
- Groundwater and Isotope Geochemistry
- Fire effects on ecosystems
- Species Distribution and Climate Change
- Soil erosion and sediment transport
- Flood Risk Assessment and Management
- Environmental Changes in China
- Remote Sensing and Land Use
University of New Mexico
2012-2023
NOAA National Weather Service
2014
National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration
1993-1996
Atmospheric and Environmental Research
1987-1993
Cooperative Institute for Research in Environmental Sciences
1987
Goddard Space Flight Center
1984
University of Washington
1979-1981
Contemporaneous correlations between geopotential heights on a given pressure surface at widely separated points earth, referred to as teleconnections in this paper, are studied an attempt identify and document recurrent spatial patterns which might be indicative of standing oscillations the planetary waves during Northern Hemisphere winter, with time scales order month or longer. A review existing literature subject reveals existence least four such patterns: North Atlantic Pacific...
Abstract An important goal of the Climate Variability and Predictability (CLIVAR) research on American monsoon systems is to determine sources limits predictability warm season precipitation, with emphasis weekly interannual time scales. This paper reviews recent progress in understanding identifies some future challenges that remain improve climate prediction. Much derived from complementary international programs North South America, namely, Monsoon Experiment (NAME) America (MESA),...
Abstract The U.S. Climate Variability and Predictability (CLIVAR) working group on drought recently initiated a series of global climate model simulations forced with idealized SST anomaly patterns, designed to address number uncertainties regarding the impact forcing role land–atmosphere feedbacks regional drought. runs were carried out five different atmospheric general circulation models (AGCMs) one coupled atmosphere–ocean in which was continuously nudged imposed forcing. This paper...
Atmospheric measurements at several surface stations made between 1978 and 1990 of the anthropogenic chemical compound 1,1,1‐trichloroethane (methyl chloroform, CH 3 CCl ) show it increasing a global average rate 4.4 ± 0.2% per year (1σ) over this time period. The measured trends combined with industrial emission estimates are used in an optimal estimation inversion scheme to deduce globally averaged tropospheric (and total atmospheric) lifetime 5.7 (+0.7, −0.6) years weighted hydroxyl...
Digitized maps of Northern Hemisphere snow cover derived from visible satellite imagery are examined to assess the interannual variability in winter months for years 1972–90. The secular trend over landmasses Eurasia and North America during this period is extremely small December January. A decreasing somewhat larger magnitude observed Eurasian February. Fluctuations detrended snow-cover anomalies averaged American continents positively correlated. By subdividing into longitudinal sectors...
One open question in El Niño–Southern Oscillation (ENSO) simulation and predictability is the role of random forcing by atmospheric variability with short correlation times, on coupled interannual timescales. The discussion this requires a quantitative assessment stochastic component wind stress forcing. Self-consistent estimates noise (the forcing) can be made quite naturally an empirical model that uses statistical estimate relationship between sea surface temperature (SST) anomaly...
Abstract The interannual variability of surface observations in the equatorial Indian Ocean is investigated from 23 years ship reports (1954‐1976). In October and November, during certain years, monthly analyses show strong wind anomalies eastern central Ocean. Simultaneously, cloud cover opposite signs are observed A linear analysis heat‐induced circulation suggests that forced by rainfall. This probably dissipative with time scales range two to five days. reasons for maintenance anomalous...
This study investigates the causes for, and distribution of, unimodal versus bimodal seasonal cycle of vegetation greenness in Southwest United States using extensive site observations, climate data, satellite Lund‐Potsdam‐Jena (LPJ) model. Peak is achieved a clockwise manner across Southwest, beginning spring Sonoran Desert following winter rains, then Utah‐Colorado with snowmelt/summer finally New Mexico–eastern Arizona late summer monsoon rains. At high elevations, spring‐summer snowmelt...
Abstract Forty-three eastern North Pacific tropical cyclone remnants with varying impact on the southwestern United States during period 1992–2005 are investigated. Of these, 35 (81%) brought precipitation to some part of and remaining 8 (19%) had that was almost entirely restricted Mexico, although cloud cover did advect over in these cases. Although cyclone–strength winds rapidly diminish upon making landfall, systems still carry a large quantity moisture and, interaction mountainous...
Seasonal predictability of winter precipitation anomalies across the U.S. Southwest derived from knowledge antecedent, late-summer Pacific Ocean surface temperatures is examined empirically. Previous studies have shown that equatorial SST associated with El Niño–Southern Oscillation (ENSO) cycle, which are persistent late summer through winter, exhibit a strong relationship in Arizona and New Mexico. Here degree to seasonal this region modulated by longer-term oceanic fluctuations decadal...
Two possible mechanisms for interannual modulation of precipitation anomalies in the Southwest U.S. are examined. The association between El Niño/Southern Oscillation (ENSO) fluctuations and New Mexico is found to vary with season: positive Pacific Ocean surface temperature associated winter‐spring but negative summer anomalies. We propose that spring snow extent across west‐central acts enhance or suppress subsequent monsoon circulation affecting American Southwest, such excessive leads...
The North American Monsoon Experiment (NAME) is an internationally coordinated process study aimed at determining the sources and limits of predictability warm-season precipitation over America. scientific objectives NAME are to promote a better understanding more realistic simulation convective processes in complex terrain, intraseasonal variability monsoon, response atmospheric circulation patterns slowly varying, potentially predictable surface boundary conditions. During summer 2004,...
Water vapor transport paths into the American Southwest were deduced from a high temporal resolution record of hydrogen isotope compositions atmospheric water ( δ D wv ) collected over six‐week period in late spring, 2005, at Albuquerque, New Mexico. Daily fluctuations routinely exceeded 20‰ magnitude, while variations up to 80‰ occurred on time scale weather (a few hours ∼ week). Vertical profiles lower troposphere exhibited considerable structure that cannot be ascertained standard...
The Middle Rio Grande (MRG), defined by the portion of basin from Elephant Butte Reservoir in New Mexico to confluence with Conchos Far West Texas, U.S.A. and Northern Chihuahua, Mexico. future water for MRG many other arid semi-arid regions world is challenged a changing climate, agricultural intensification, growing urban populations, segmented governance system transboundary setting. core question such settings is: how can be managed so that competing agricultural, urban, environmental...
Interannual fluctuations of observed summer rainfall across the monsoon region southwestern United States are analyzed to ascertain their spatial coherence and test hypothesis that antecedent spring snowpack anomalies may modulate exhibit an inverse correlation with anomalies. To characterize seasonal anomalies, objective linear analysis interannual variability is applied climate divisional data Southwest. Three coherent subregions identified, broadly representing Arizona, eastern New...
Abstract The effects of interannual climate variability on water demand in Albuquerque, New Mexico, are assessed. This city provides an ideal setting for examining the urban demand, because at present municipal supply is derived entirely from groundwater, making insensitive to short-term variability. There little correlation between and total demand—a result that consistent with several previous studies. However, summertime residential which composes about one-quarter annual significantly...
Temporal (but nonseasonal) fluctuations in the geopotential height field exhibit large regional contrasts vertical structure, as manifested geographical distributions of correlation between 1000 and 500 mb height, ratio amplitudes at those levels. This variability is investigated order to ascertain its seasonal, frequency zonal wavenumber dependence relation other indicators structure: statistics involving 1000–500 thickness, structure dominant mode an eigenvector analysis expansion...
Abstract Observed streamflow and climate data are used to test the hypothesis that change is already affecting Rio Grande volume derived from snowmelt runoff in ways consistent with model‐based projections of 21st‐Century streamflow. Annual monthly changes surface variables on Upper Grande, near its headwaters southern Colorado, assessed for water years 1958–2015. Results indicate winter spring season temperatures basin have increased significantly, April 1 snow equivalent (SWE) has...