The accurate state of charge (SoC) online estimation is a significant indicator that relates to driving ranges electric vehicles (EV). relationship between open circuit voltage (OCV) and SoC plays an important role in for lithium-ion batteries. To compare with the traditional incremental OCV (IO) test low current (LO) test, novel which combines IO LO (CIL) proposed this paper. Based on reliable parameters identification dual polarization (DP) battery model, two algorithms are compared...

It is a promising cooling strategy to use the heat pipe for Li-ion battery module, which can maintain temperature of module properly and prevent high temperature, triggering thermal runaway among adjacent batteries. In this study, model simulated through internal short circuit, couples with Volume Fluid (VOF) solves in ANSYS FLUENT realize mass transfer between batteries pipes. A user-defined function (UDF) code including source energy used calculate VOF during process. Numerical simulations...

It is a promising development strategy to use LiFePO4/Graphene (LFP/G) hybrid cathode lithium-ion batteries for electric vehicles (EVs), which can simultaneously solve issues of the lengthy charging time and battery pack heat. To capture characteristic regulation temperature distribution, working voltage, current density, total heat generation LFP/G battery, an electrochemical-thermal coupled model was developed through new modeling method in ANSYS FLUENT. The experimental results showed...

Abstract Exploring high‐efficiency, long‐term cycling stability, and cost‐effective cathode materials for lithium‐sulfur (Li−S) batteries is hugely desirable challenging. Herein, we have successfully developed a simple solution‐based spray‐drying method to fabricate nitrogen‐doped hollow porous carbon spheres (N‐HPCS) with biomass lignin as precursor cyanuric acid N‐dopant porogen. The obtained N‐HPCS shows specific surface area of 446.2 m 2 g −1 high‐level pyrrolic‐N doping 64.13 %....

Imaging of electronic device surface or sub-surface electromagnetic fields under operating conditions is important for design and diagnosis. In this study, we proposed a method to characterize specific magnetic field properties devices at micron-scale using solid-state quantum sensor, namely diamond nitrogen-vacancy (NV) centers. By employing wide-field measurement technique based on NV centers, rapidly obtain the first-order distribution anomalous regions. Furthermore, approximate...

In this paper, we report a facile one-step hydrothermal method to synthesize tetragonal Na3V2(PO4)2F3@C particles which are connected by carbon nanotubes (CNTs) networks, using water as solvents. strategy, the reduction and crystallization of materials carried out in process (180 °C, 12 h), no additional heat treatment is required. The well-crystallized Na3V2(PO4)2F3 grains (5-10 μm) coated with amorphous nano-carbon highly conductive CNTs. addition CNTs can not only improve conductivity but...

Abstract This work utilized a combination of experimental evidence and fractal geometric method to assess the effect crack extension concerning thermal shock on residual strength ceramics. Sintered alumina (Al 2 O 3 ) ceramic slabs were bundled quenched in water under different temperatures. The dimension patterns interior surface cooled was calculated by Box‐counting method. Fracture energy pattern microcracks quasi‐brittle solids employed explain relationship between length dimensions....

Fatigue assessment is especially important in long-term physical work and training to avoid injury caused by muscle fatigue. The surface electromyography (sEMG) signal has been widely used detect fatigue states. purpose of this article establish functional networks provide a comprehensive using multi-channel sEMG signals from the back muscles. A network constructed based on Pearson correlation coefficients between channels signals, we explore how economic properties small-world change with...

With the development of distribution networks and increasing capacitive current, grounding fault arc is difficult to be extinguished which can easily generate over-voltage lead large scale power outage. The paper comprehensively compared different types neutral method in networks. Based on status non-effectively grounded systems our country, most existing arc-suppression technologies are analyzed this paper. Finally, also makes prospect voltage suppression SHBL technology

Stilbene crystals are used as neutron detectors connected with photomultiplier tubes. An online acquisition method assembled by CAMAC standard plug-ins, NIM a neutron-γ (n-γ) discrimination plug-in named Canberra-2160A, and an offline method, oscilloscope, were developed to obtain nuclear signals from detectors. The methods collected pulse simultaneously while n-γ measurement of deuterium-deuterium (DD) deuterium-tritium (DT) beam carried out both methods. resulting discrimination, detection...

In this paper, the aerodynamic model, hydrodynamic model and mooring system are established coupled in time domain to obtain effective wind speed under disturbance of wind, wave load. On basis, online learning ability Radial Basis Function (RBF) neural network is used adjust gain sliding mode variable structure controller real so that function tends switching surface, chattering can be effectively reduced. The RBF-SMC individual blade pitch control method which more suitable for floating...

Ceramics are commonly used as high-temperature structural materials which easy to fracture because of the propagation thermal shock cracks. Characterizing and controlling crack significant for improvement resistance ceramics. However, observing morphology, based on macro SEM images, costs much time potentially includes subjective factors. In addition, complex cracks cannot be counted will simplified or omitted. Fractals suitable describe inhomogeneous structures, multifractal spectrum...

The accurate characterization of the surface microstructure ultra-high temperature ceramics after thermal shocks is great practical significance for evaluating their resistance properties. In this paper, a fractal reconstruction method image Ultra-high repeated proposed. nonlinearity and spatial distribution characteristics oxidized surfaces were extracted. A convolutional neural network model based on deep learning was established to realize automatic recognition classification shock cycles...

LiDAR, an essential sensor in computer vision, is highly regarded due to its robust resistance interference and ability provide accurate range measurements, even with sparse data acquisition. Conversely, cameras dense image yet are vulnerable external factors such as lighting conditions. Due their strong compatibilities collaborative capabilities, the current research focus has pivoted towards combined utilization of both sensors tasks robotic mapping, autonomous driving, 3D reconstruction....

Abstract One-dimensional semiconductor materials possess excellent photoelectric properties and potential for the construction of integrated nanodevices. Among them, Sn-doped CdS has different micro-nano structures, including nanoribbons, nanowires, comb-like superlattices, with rich optical microcavity modes, properties, a wide range application fields. This article reviews research progress various micrometer structures CdS, systematically elaborates effects growth conditions on...

The image recognition of cancer cells plays an important role in diagnosing and treating cancer. Deep learning is suitable for classifying histopathological images providing auxiliary technology diagnosis. convolutional neural network employed the classification images; however, model’s accuracy may decrease along with increase layers. Extracting appropriate features helpful classification. In this paper, different are represented by extracting gray co-occurrence matrix. These recombined...

In order to alleviate the unstable power output, unbalanced load of wind turbine and sway floating foundation above rated speed for multi-degree-of-freedom, non-linear strongly coupled turbine, an individual blade pitch control strategy based on Ant Colony Algorithm (ACA) is proposed in this paper. Aiming at problems low search efficiency poor quality traditional Algorithm, ACA-PID controller improved by using best-worst ant system. Under joint simulation FAST-matlab/Simulink, effectiveness...