Rice (Oryza sativa L.) is one of the most important staple foods in world, however improved rice varieties are susceptible to drought stress. A two-year study was conducted explore effects various stresses and subsequent recovery on accumulation degradation proline, total soluble sugar starch different at vegetative stage. The results showed that relative water content leaves sheaths significantly decreased under stresses, but not same rate. Under control conditions, higher than leaves....

Abstract Phosphite (; Phi), a reduced form of phosphate Pi), is widely marketed as either fungicide or fertilizer sometimes biostimulant. This confusing for both distributors and growers. The present paper explores data from various studies to clarify that Phi does not provide plant P nutrition thus cannot complement substitute Pi at any rate. In addition, itself have beneficial effect on the growth healthy plants, regardless whether it applied alone in combination with different ratios...

The use of biofertilizers is important for sustainable agriculture, and the nodule bacteria endophytic actinomycetes an attractive way to enhance plant growth yield. This study tested effects a biofertilizer produced from Bradyrhizobium strains Streptomyces griseoflavus on leguminous, cereal, vegetable crops. Nitrogen fixation was measured using acetylene reduction assay. Under N-limited or N-supplemented conditions, significantly promoted shoot root mung bean, cowpea, soybean compared with...

We investigated the effects of integrated organic and inorganic fertilizers on growth yield indica rice variety Manawthukha japonica Genkitsukushi. In a split-plot design, two varieties were assigned as main plot factors, treatments subplot including no-N fertilizer (N0), 50% chemical (CF) (CF50), 100% CF (CF100), + poultry manure (PM) (CF50PM50), cow (CM) (CF50CM50), compost (CP) (CF50CP50). CF100 was equivalent to N at 85 kg/hm2. Manure applied based estimated mineralizable nitrogen (EMN)...

Genotype-specific incompatibility in legume-rhizobium symbiosis has been suggested to be controlled by effector-triggered immunity underlying pathogenic host-bacteria interactions. However, the rhizobial determinant interacting with host resistance protein (e.g., Rj2) and molecular mechanism of symbiotic remain unclear. Using natural mutants Bradyrhizobium diazoefficiens USDA 122, we identified a type III-secretory NopP as Rj2-soybean. The analysis nopP mutations variants culture collection...

The decline in rice yields as a result of excessive chemical fertilizer (CF) inputs is matter great concern rice-growing regions Asia. In two-year’s field experiments, the nitrogen, phosphorus, and potassium (NPK) status, growth characteristics yield were examined by application poultry manure (PM), cow (CM) compost (CP). Organic fertilizers applied EMN (estimated mineralizable N) based on their total N content. Six treatments assigned randomized complete block design: (1) no-N (N0); (2) 50%...

A rice cultivation study was conducted at Kyushu University farm. Cow manure (CM), poultry (PM), straw + urea mix-application (SU), (UF) and M-coat, a slow released compound fertilizer (M-coat) were used as the N sources by comparing with no application (Control). Treatments made two levels of each source 40 (level I) 80 kg ha-1(level II) excluding M-coat. In all treatments, three split applications made. soil incubation for 2 weeks to investigate mineralized applied mineral organic...

ABSTRACT Co-inoculation of nitrogen-fixing bacteria with plant growth-promoting has become more popular than single inoculation rhizobia or plant-growth-promoting because the synergy these in increasing soybean yield and nitrogen fixation. This study was conducted to investigate effects Bradyrhizobium japonicum SAY3-7 Streptomyces griseoflavus P4 co-inoculation on growth, nodulation, fixation, nutrient uptake, seed 'Yezin-6' cultivar. Nitrogen fixation measured using acetylene reduction...

Effects of endophytic actinomycetes and two Bradyrhizobium japonicum (Kirchner 1896) Jordan 1982 strains on growth, nodulation, nitrogen (N) fixation seed weight different soybean (Glycine max L. Merr.) varieties from Myanmar (Hinthada), Thailand (SJ5) Cambodia (DT84) were studied in pot experiments Thailand. The six treatments consisted an uninoculated control (T1), a single inoculation with (Streptomyces sp. strain, P4) (T2), strains, USDA110 (T3) or THA7 (T4) dual P4 (T5) (T6). Sterile...

We investigated the effect of combining organic and inorganic fertilizers on growth yield hybrid rice (Palethwe-1) in dry wet seasons 2015. Four quantities fertilizer were used main plot [0%, 50%, 75%, 100% nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium (NPK)] based recommended amounts 150 kg N ha-1, 70 P2O5 120 K2O while different manures applied to subplots [no manure (O0), cow (Oc), poultry (Op), vermicompost (Ov); all at 5 t·ha-1] as part a split-plot experimental design with three replicates. In both...

When rice is grown under moderate salinity (6 dS m−1), yields are reduced by up to 50%. The development of salt-tolerant varieties a key strategy for increasing yields. We conducted an experiment using hydroponic system with ion components similar seawater determine useful parameters assessing salt tolerance. Two-week-old seedlings were 7 days on Yoshida solution. treatment group then additionally received artificial solution (electrical conductivity, 12 m−1). After 2-week period stress,...

Abstract Genetic diversity and distribution of indigenous soybean-nodulating bradyrhizobia in Japan were investigated based on restriction fragment length polymorphism analysis PCR product (PCR-RFLP) the 16S−23S rDNA internal transcribed spacer (ITS) region using Bradyrhizobium USDA strains as reference strains. Soil samples collected from five field sites Hokkaido, Fukushima, Kyoto, Miyazaki Okinawa Japan. A total 300 isolates derived three Rj-genotype soybean cultivars, Akishirome...

Abstract In order to substitute the use of chemical fertilizers in legume production, there is a need for production rhizobial inoculants which are capable being used as biofertilizers. To achieve this, an effective symbiotic nitrogen (N) fixation between legumes and root nodule bacteria will be essential. Evaluation Myanmar Bradyrhizobium (Jordan 1982) strains isolated from soybean (Glycine max L. Merr.) effects coinoculation with Streptomyces griseoflavus Krainsky 1914 P4 N were studied...

We conducted two field experiments to investigate combined effects of organic and inorganic fertilizers on nitrogen use recovery efficiencies hybrid rice (Palethwe-1) during dry wet seasons, 2015. Four levels fertilizer (0%, 50%, 75%, 100% NPK), based recommended rates 150 kg N ha-1, 70 P2O5 120 K2O were used with cow manure, poultry vermicompost (5 t·ha-1each) in a split-plot design three replicates. In both 50% NPK, the uptake level achieved manure was similar that obtained 75% NPK. The...

In order to analyze the phylogeny of soybean-nodulating bacteria in alkaline soils Vietnam, indigenous were isolated from root nodules by cultivating three kinds Rj-soybean cultivars on two Vietnam. The 120 isolates classified into major genera rhizobia, namely Bradyrhizobium and Sinorhizobium genera, based a growth analysis medium PCR-RFLP analyses 16S rDNA 16S–23S internal transcribed spacer (ITS) region. Most B. japonicum extra-slow-growing their ITS types similar that USDA 135. They not...

Abstract We investigated the genetic diversity and field distribution of indigenous soybean-nodulating rhizobia in Okinawa islands, using polymerase chain reaction-restriction fragment length polymorphism (PCR-RFLP) analysis their 16S rDNA regions 16S–23S internal transcribed spacer (ITS) regions. collected from four sites on Island, one Miyako Island Ishigaki isolating 360 strains soybean cultivars with three Rj-genotypes, Akishirome or Bragg (non-Rj), CNS (Rj 2 Rj 3) Hill Fukuyutaka 4),...

Green manuring with an N2-fixing legume crop can meet a substantial portion of rice N requirement and provide organic matter to wetland soils maintain soil fertility. Organic-N fertilizers in the form flood-tolerant, leguminous, stem-nodulating Sesbania rostrata be useful alternatives resource- poor farmers if applied as green manure. Therefore, accumulation fixed by this manure, their effect on performance yield was examined. Firstly, root and/or stem nodulation, nitro- gen fixation...

Abstract Although the fungicidal properties of phosphite have been recognized, its potential as a fertilizer is still being debated. The information on how affects growth and quality plants in relation to phosphate (P i ) also remains unknown. This study was conducted investigate effect P parameters lettuce ( Lactuca sativa L.). results showed that addition nutrient solution at different rates ranging from 0.05 2 mM significantly increased total P, water‐extractable , both shoots roots, but...

Abstract Phosphite (Phi) may potentially supply phosphorus (P) nutrition to plants and is widely marketed as a super P fertilizer for many crops. This study investigated the effects of Phi on growth in spinach (Spinacia oleracea L.). High-rate foliar application experiments designed evaluate phytotoxicity nutritional potential different formulations by at two rates (0.15 0.3% P2O5) showed that all did not improve plant under available P-soils, but rather significantly decreased shoot dry...

The nodulation tendency and community structure of indigenous bradyrhizobia on Rj genotype soybean cultivars at cultivation temperatures 33/28°C, 28/23°C, 23/18°C for 16/8 h (day/night degrees, hours) were investigated using 780 bradyrhizobial DNA samples from an Andosol with 13 four genotypes (non-Rj, Rj(2)Rj(3), Rj(4), Rj(2)Rj(3)Rj(4)). A dendrogram was constructed based restriction fragment length polymorphism the PCR products (PCR-RFLP) 16S-23S rRNA gene internal transcribed spacer...

The nodulation of Bradyrhizobium japonicum Is-34 is restricted by Rj4 genotype soybeans (Glycine max). To identify the genes responsible for this incompatibility, Tn5 mutants B. that were able to overcome restriction obtained. Analysis revealed was inserted into a region containing MA20_12780 gene. In addition, direct disruption gene using marker exchange overcame soybeans. has tts box motif in its upstream region, indicating possibility encodes type III secretion system (T3SS) effector...

This study was conducted to evaluate the effects of Bradyrhizobium japonicum SAY3-7, elkanii BLY3-8, and Streptomyces griseoflavus P4 on symbiotic effectiveness soybeans before biofertilizer production, produce containing studied three strains (SAY3-7, P4), test soybean varieties, assess varietal interaction between variety plant growth, nodulation, nitrogen fixation, nutrient absorption, seed yield. Nitrogen fixation measured using acetylene reduction assay ureide methods. Contents...