A5017512638- Wildlife Ecology and Conservation
- Avian ecology and behavior
- Species Distribution and Climate Change
- Ecology and Vegetation Dynamics Studies
- Bat Biology and Ecology Studies
- Animal Vocal Communication and Behavior
- Animal Ecology and Behavior Studies
- Marine animal studies overview
- Economic and Environmental Valuation
- Plant and animal studies
- Yersinia bacterium, plague, ectoparasites research
- Wildlife-Road Interactions and Conservation
- Urban Green Space and Health
- Human-Animal Interaction Studies
- Land Use and Ecosystem Services
- Fire effects on ecosystems
- Animal Behavior and Reproduction
- Genetic and phenotypic traits in livestock
- Fish Ecology and Management Studies
- Bird parasitology and diseases
- Remote Sensing in Agriculture
- Influenza Virus Research Studies
- Speech Recognition and Synthesis
- Geographic Information Systems Studies
- Survey Sampling and Estimation Techniques
British Trust for Ornithology
2013-2023
University of Stirling
2010
Royal Society for the Protection of Birds
2007
Google (United States)
2005
Urbanization is increasing across the globe and there growing interest in urban ecology a recognition that developed areas may be important for conservation. We review factors influencing avian assemblages, focusing on habitat type anthropogenic resource provision, analyse data from common bird monitoring scheme to assess some of these issues. The suggests (1) local are more than regional ones determining species richness raising potential management sites deliver conservation; (2)...
Abstract Few studies have examined how life history traits and the climate envelope influence ability of species to respond change habitat degradation. In this study, we test whether 18 species‐specific variables, related envelope, ecological history, could predict recent population trends (over 17 years) 71 common breeding bird in France. Habitat specialists were declining at a much higher rate than generalists, sign that quality is decreasing globally. The lower thermal maximum...
Passive acoustic sensing has emerged as a powerful tool for quantifying anthropogenic impacts on biodiversity, especially echolocating bat species. To better assess population trends there is critical need accurate, reliable, and open source tools that allow the detection classification of calls in large collections audio recordings. The majority existing are commercial or have focused species task, neglecting important problem first localizing echolocation which particularly problematic...
ABSTRACT Aims Biogeographical evidence suggests a strong link between climate and patterns of species diversity, change is known to cause range shifts. However, there little understanding how shifts affect community composition we lack empirical recent impacts on the diversity vertebrates. Using long‐term comprehensive dataset bird abundance, explore in different components avian communities, postulate process explain observed changes specialization. Location Britain. Methods We used...
ABSTRACT While there is intense debate regarding the impact of domestic cat populations on wildlife, its resolution hindered by lack quite basic information. Domestic cats are generalist and obligate predators that receive supplementary food, their population density reflects humans more than prey. In such a predator–prey system potential for to have negative impacts avian assemblages, which may be indicated correlations between species richness density. Here we report nature across urban...
Abstract Increasing housing density is an important component of global land transformation, with major impacts on patterns biodiversity. However, while there have been many studies the changes in biodiversity across rural–urban gradients, which are influenced large part by densities, how full range regional variation remains poorly understood. Here, we explore these relationships for richness and abundance breeding birds Britain. Total richness, that 27 urban indicator species, increased...
The timing of migration is one the key life‐history parameters migratory birds. It expected to be under strong selection, sensitive changing environmental conditions and have implications for population dynamics. However, most phenological studies do not describe arrival departure phenologies a species in way that robust potential biases, or can clearly related breeding populations. This hampers our ability understand more fully how climate change may affect species’ strategies, their life...
Abstract The identification of the characteristics species that make them susceptible or resilient to climate change has been elusive because non‐climatic influences may dominate short‐ and medium‐term changes in population distribution sizes. Here we studied 2003 French heat wave, during which other confounding variables remained essentially unchanged, with a correlational approach. We tested relationship between resilience thermal range by analysing responses 71 bird 6‐month wave. Species...
Many studies have demonstrated the selection of stubble fields by farmland birds in winter, but none shown whether provisioning this key habitat positively influences national population trends for widespread birds. We use two complementary extensive bird surveys undertaken at same localities summer and winter show that area attracts increased numbers several species conservation concern. Moreover, specialists, availability influenced 10 year breeding trend (1994–2003) whereas hedgerow were...
Abstract Capsule The BBS has potential for producing better estimates of habitat-specific densities and population sizes many UK bird populations than those available previously. Aims To examine the use Breeding Bird Survey (BBS) in providing unbiased national density British birds. Methods Line transect data collected by volunteers 1998 from 2287 1-km squares across were analysed using distance sampling methods to calculate abundance estimates. For each species, decline detectability with a...
1 Population estimates are of fundamental importance for setting conservation priorities and numerous aspects biology. 2 Distance sampling, which takes undetected individuals into account, is one the most widely used methods generating population estimates. We use this method to generate national size all common widespread non-marine breeding birds in UK using Breeding Bird Survey data. 3 There a strong positive relationship between our distance-sampled generated other methods. This implies...
Abstract Aim Existing climate envelope models give an indication of broad scale shifts in distribution, but do not specifically provide information on likely future population changes useful for conservation prioritization and planning. We demonstrate how these techniques can be developed to model absolute density size as a result change. Location Great Britain. Methods Generalized linear were used breeding densities two northerly‐ southerly‐distributed bird species function land use. Models...
The 2010 Biodiversity Target of the Convention on Biological Diversity (CBD), set in 2002, which stated that there should be ‘a significant reduction current rate biodiversity loss' by 2010, highlighted need for informative and tractable metrics can used to evaluate change biological diversity. While subsequent Aichi 2020 targets are more wide-ranging, they also seek reduce loss. geometric mean relative abundance indices, G, is increasingly being examine trends diversity assess whether met....
Capsule Heterogeneous detectability amongst species may impact multi-species bird surveys and if not accounted for, bias community level conclusions. Estimates of were produced for 195 UK species, was significantly affected by size, diet habitat specialization.Aims To estimate understand which traits detectability.Methods We estimated the birds in using distance sampling methods examined average genetically related groups. tested significance describing variation detectability, whilst...
Why do different species of birds start their dawn choruses at times? We test the hypothesis that times which singing are related to visual capability low light intensities. Birds with large eyes can achieve greater pupil diameters and hence, all other things being equal, sensitivity resolution than small eyes. estimated maximum diameter passerine by measuring exposed eye surface, measured first songs songbirds present in bird communities, intensities these times. Using phylogenetic...
Capsule A method for producing and validating long-term population indices using data from the Common Birds Census its successor, Breeding Bird Survey, is described. Aim To investigate a means of combining site-specific records two very different surveys into reliable indices. Methods generalized linear model described (CBC) Survey (BBS) data, used to identify species geographical regions which resulting temporal trends are comparable, hence derive that straddle overlap surveys. Results From...
Summary 1. There is increasing evidence from local studies carried out in several parts of the world to suggest that increases abundance deer may be depressing population levels breeding woodland bird populations are associated with dense understorey habitats. We examine whether habitat modification by likely a factor contributing recent large‐scale declines birds lowland England. 2. Novel analytical methods applied extensive national and monitoring data, 11 species habitats England have...
Abstract Assessing the state and trend of biodiversity in face anthropogenic threats requires large‐scale long‐time monitoring, for which new recording methods offer interesting possibilities. Reduced costs a huge increase storage capacity acoustic recorders have resulted an exponential use passive monitoring ( PAM ) on wide range animal groups recent years. has led to rapid growth quantity data, making manual identification increasingly time‐consuming. Therefore, software detecting sound...
Summary Biodiversity is changing at unprecedented rates, and it increasingly important that these changes are quantified through monitoring programmes. Previous recommendations for developing or enhancing programmes focus either on the end goals, intended use of data, how goals achieved, example volunteer involvement in citizen science, but not both. These rarely prioritized. We used a collaborative approach, involving 52 experts biodiversity UK , to develop list attributes relevance any...
Abstract Roads and their traffic can affect wildlife over large areas and, in regions with dense road networks, may influence a high proportion of the ecological landscape. We assess abundance 75 bird species relation to roads across Great Britain. Of these, 77% vary significantly increasing exposure, just half negatively so. The effect distances these negative associations average 700 m from road, covering 70% Britain 40% total area terrestrial protected sites. Species smaller national...
1 The spatial scale of analysis may influence the nature, strength and underlying drivers macroecological patterns, one most frequently discussed which is relationship between species richness environmental energy availability. 2 It has been suggested that species–energy relationships are hump-shaped at fine grains consistently positive larger regional grains. exact nature this dependency is, however, subject much debate as relatively few studies have investigated for same assemblage across...