A5025381471- Species Distribution and Climate Change
- Wildlife Ecology and Conservation
- Ecology and Vegetation Dynamics Studies
- Avian ecology and behavior
- Land Use and Ecosystem Services
- Bat Biology and Ecology Studies
- Conservation, Biodiversity, and Resource Management
- Economic and Environmental Valuation
- Plant and animal studies
- Fish Ecology and Management Studies
- Forest Management and Policy
- Animal Vocal Communication and Behavior
- Peatlands and Wetlands Ecology
- Forest Ecology and Biodiversity Studies
- Wildlife-Road Interactions and Conservation
- Fire effects on ecosystems
- Animal Behavior and Reproduction
- Rangeland and Wildlife Management
- Influenza Virus Research Studies
- Marine animal studies overview
- Turtle Biology and Conservation
- Viral Infections and Vectors
- Animal Ecology and Behavior Studies
- Urban Green Space and Health
- Hydrology and Watershed Management Studies
British Trust for Ornithology
2015-2024
Bergen Teknologioverføring (Norway)
2022
Hudson Institute
2019
John Wiley & Sons (United States)
2019
Dorset Green Technology Park
2007
Google (United States)
2005
1. An increasing number of studies are examining the distribution and congruence ecosystem services, often with goal identifying areas that will provide multiple service 'hotspots'. However, there is a paucity data on most so proxies (e.g. estimates for particular land cover type) frequently used to map their distribution. To date, has been little attempt quantify effects using maps despite potentially large errors associated such sets. 2. Here, we first study degree spatial these primary...
Summary 1. Ecosystems support biodiversity and also provide goods services that are beneficial to humans. The extent which the locations most valuable for ecosystem coincide with those is of critical importance when designing conservation land management strategies. There are, however, few studies on base any kind conclusion about possible spatial patterns association between biodiversity. Moreover, little known sensitivity conclusions quality data available, or choice size region used...
Pressure on ecosystems to provide various different and often conflicting services is immense likely increase. The impacts success of conservation prioritization will be enhanced if the needs competing land uses are recognized at planning stage. We develop such methods illustrate them with data about in Great Britain, aim developing a priority ranking that balances between biodiversity conservation, carbon storage, agricultural value, urban development potential. While both stocks desirable...
There is good evidence that species' distributions are shifting poleward in response to climate change and wide interest the magnitude of such responses for scientific conservation purposes. It has been suggested from directions climatic changes distribution shifts may not be simply poleward, but this rarely tested with observed data. Here, we apply a novel approach measuring range on axes ranging through 360°, recent data 122 species British breeding birds during 1988-1991 2008-2011....
Many species are extending their leading-edge (cool) range margins polewards in response to recent climate change. In the present study, we investigated margin changes at northern of 1573 southerly-distributed from 21 animal groups Great Britain over past four decades change, updating previous work. Depending on data availability, were examined two time intervals during decades. For (birds, butterflies, macromoths, and dragonflies damselflies), there sufficient available examine both...
Abstract Climate change is leading to the development of land‐based mitigation and adaptation strategies that are likely have substantial impacts on global biodiversity. Of these, approaches maintain carbon within existing natural ecosystems could particularly large benefits for However, geographical distributions terrestrial stocks biodiversity differ. Using conservation planning analyses New World Britain, we conclude a carbon‐only strategy would not be effective at conserving...
The timing of migration is one the key life‐history parameters migratory birds. It expected to be under strong selection, sensitive changing environmental conditions and have implications for population dynamics. However, most phenological studies do not describe arrival departure phenologies a species in way that robust potential biases, or can clearly related breeding populations. This hampers our ability understand more fully how climate change may affect species’ strategies, their life...
Many studies have demonstrated the selection of stubble fields by farmland birds in winter, but none shown whether provisioning this key habitat positively influences national population trends for widespread birds. We use two complementary extensive bird surveys undertaken at same localities summer and winter show that area attracts increased numbers several species conservation concern. Moreover, specialists, availability influenced 10 year breeding trend (1994–2003) whereas hedgerow were...
For species that rely on visual cues to detect prey items, increasing the structural complexity of a patch can greatly influence forager behaviour through consequent reductions in detectability and accessibility. These effects are likely manifest themselves terms foraging site selection there is plentiful evidence for preferential suite taxa. However, underlying habitat structure behaviour, which drive these observed selections, much less well understood. We present results two studies...
Summary Millions of shorebirds migrate each year through a small number highly productive staging areas where they often conflict with fisheries interests. Delaware Bay, USA, is major shorebird stopover site where, in spring, many thousands undergo rapid mass gain by feeding on the eggs commercially harvested horseshoe crabs Limulus polyphemus . Environmental factors may cause deviations from best migration schedule. We used within‐year data red knot Calidris canutus caught Bay between 1998...
Each May, red knots (Calidris canutus rufa) congregate in Delaware Bay during their northward migration to feed on horseshoe crab eggs (Limulus polyphemus) and refuel for breeding the Arctic. During 1990s, harvest of crabs bait increased 10-fold, leading a more than 90% decline availability knots. The proportion achieving weights 180 grams by 26–28 main departure period, dropped from 0.6–0.8 0.14–0.4 over 1997–2007. same knot population stopping declined 75%, part because annual survival...
Summary 1. Species distribution models (SDMs) are increasingly used in applied conservation biology, yet the predictive ability of these is often tested only on detection/non‐detection data. The probability long‐term population persistence, however, depends not upon patch occupancy but more fundamental parameters such as mean density and stability over time. 2. Here, we test estimated occurrence scores generated from SDMs built using species data against independent empirical for 20 bird...
Conservation planners often wish to predict how species distributions will change in response environmental changes. Species distribution models (SDMs) are the primary tool for making such predictions. Many methods widely used; however, they all make simplifying assumptions, and predictions can therefore be subject high uncertainty. With global well underway, field records of observed range shifts increasingly being used testing SDM transferability. We an unprecedented dataset documenting...
Abstract Climate change is increasingly altering the composition of ecological communities, in combination with other environmental pressures such as high‐intensity land use. Pressures are expected to interact their effects, but extent which intensive human use constrains community responses climate currently unclear. A generic indicator impact, temperature index ( CTI ), has previously been used suggest that both bird and butterflies successfully ‘tracking’ change. Here, we assessed changes...
To inform the design and implementation of land-use policies that consider variety goods services people derive from ecosystems, it is essential to understand spatial patterns individual services, how multiple relate each other, these relationships vary across scales localities. Despite importance freshwater as a determinant regional economic human demographic patterns, there are surprisingly few studies map provision range associated with quality aquatic environment. Here we examine between...
Species distribution models (SDMs) are one of the most important GIScience research areas in biogeography and primary means by which potential effects climate change on species' distributions ranges investigated. Dispersal is an ecological process for species responding to changing climates, however, SDMs their subsequent spatial products rarely reflect accessibility any future suitable environment. Dispersal-related movement can be confounded factors that vary across landscapes as well...
Abstract Urban expansion poses a major threat to wildlife populations. Biodiversity‐friendly urban landscapes could deliver benefits for both and people, by incorporating conservation ecosystem services objectives. Well‐designed developments also soften the ecological impacts of urbanization. However, delivering that integrate biodiversity requirements effectively remains challenging. Ecological models, designed predict population responses alternative designs, prove effective in supporting...
Summary Monitoring biodiversity over large spatial and temporal scales is crucial for assessing the impact of global changes environmental mitigation measures. However, large‐scale monitoring invertebrates remains poorly developed despite importance these organisms in ecosystem functioning. Exciting possibilities applicable to professional citizen science are offered by new recording techniques methods semi‐automated species recognition based on sound detection. Static broad‐spectrum...
Capsule: Across Britain, breeding Eurasian Curlew Numenius arquata are less numerous and have shown greater population declines in areas with more arable farming, woodland cover higher generalist predator abundance.Aims: We present the first national-scale analysis of potential drivers change which is needed to guide conservation action for this globally near-threatened, declining species.Methods: Breeding Bird Survey data environmental predictors were used model variation abundance 1995–99...
A key aim of ecology is to understand the drivers ecological patterns, so that we can accurately predict effects global environmental change. However, in many cases, predictors are measured at a finer resolution than response. We therefore require data aggregation methods avoid loss information on fine-grain heterogeneity.We present method that, unlike current approaches, reduces spatial structure heterogeneity for use with coarse-grain datasets. Our contains three steps: (a) define analysis...
Abstract Empirical evidence from many regions suggests that most species would be least negatively affected if human food demand were met through high‐yield agricultural production and conservation of nonfarm ecosystems (land sparing), rather than wildlife‐friendly farming over a larger area sharing). However, repeated glaciation long history agriculture may lead to different results in such as western Europe. We compared the consequences land sparing sharing on breeding bird 2 lowland...