A5083781066- Avian ecology and behavior
- Wildlife Ecology and Conservation
- Species Distribution and Climate Change
- Bird parasitology and diseases
- Ecology and Vegetation Dynamics Studies
- Animal Ecology and Behavior Studies
- Animal Behavior and Reproduction
- Animal Disease Management and Epidemiology
- Salmonella and Campylobacter epidemiology
- Fish Ecology and Management Studies
- Plant and animal studies
- Marine animal studies overview
- Animal Behavior and Welfare Studies
- Lepidoptera: Biology and Taxonomy
- Zoonotic diseases and public health
- Economic and Environmental Valuation
- Tunneling and Rock Mechanics
- Wildlife Conservation and Criminology Analyses
- Viral gastroenteritis research and epidemiology
- Marine and fisheries research
- Microbial infections and disease research
- Viral Infections and Vectors
- Land Use and Ecosystem Services
- Animal Nutrition and Physiology
- Climate variability and models
British Trust for Ornithology
2015-2024
University of Manchester
2024
University of Leeds
2024
European Union
2023
Retford Hospital
2022
University of Wollongong
2022
Swiss Ornithological Institute
2019-2020
Stellenbosch University
2012
University of Stirling
2010
Dorset Green Technology Park
2007
Summary Agriculture represents the dominant land use throughout much of western Europe, and a significant part European biodiversity is associated with this habitat. We attempted to quantify changes in agriculture Britain since 1940s. There have been widespread declines populations many groups organisms farmland north‐west Europe. The particularly marked amongst habitat specialists; taxa still common on are generalists. Farming practices become increasingly intensive post‐war period,...
ESR Endangered Species Research Contact the journal Facebook (Twitter) RSS Mailing List Subscribe to our mailing list via Mailchimp HomeLatest VolumeAbout JournalEditorsSpecials 7:87-99 (2009) - DOI: https://doi.org/10.3354/esr00095 REVIEW Travelling through a warming world: climate change and migratory species Robert A. Robinson1,*, Humphrey Q. P. Crick1, Jennifer Learmonth2, Ilya M. D. Maclean1, Chris Thomas3, Franz Bairlein4, Mads C. Forchhammer5, Charles Francis6, Gill7, Brendan J....
After a one-day field trip to Minnesota farm, 22 (45%) of 49 third-grade students and three (14%) 21 adult chaperones developed campylobacteriosis. Campylobacter jejuni was isolated from specimens 13 children one asymptomatic adult. Illness associated with the consumption raw milk during picnic lunch (odds ratio = 41.0, P less than .0001) participation in hand milking cows 37.5, .0001). Two additional findings implicated as vehicle for transmission. First, odds illness among those who drank...
Emerging infectious diseases are increasingly cited as threats to wildlife, livestock and humans alike. They can threaten geographically isolated or critically endangered wildlife populations; however, relatively few studies have clearly demonstrated the extent which emerging impact populations of common species. Here, we report an protozoal disease on British greenfinch Carduelis chloris chaffinch Fringilla coelebs, two most birds in Britain. Morphological molecular analyses showed this be...
Summary Over the last 25 years, populations of seed‐eating birds have declined severely over most western Europe. Local extinctions occurred in grassland‐dominated areas Britain, which may be influenced by loss habitat diversity and a decline amount arable cultivation. We used large‐scale British Breeding Bird Survey 1998 to investigate importance within grassland landscapes for 11 common four similar sized insectivores. Generalized linear models were model number recorded agricultural...
We simulated the effects of introduction genetically modified herbicide-tolerant (GMHT) crops on weed populations and consequences for seed-eating birds. predict that might be reduced to low levels or practically eradicated, depending exact form management. Consequent local use fields by birds severe, because such reductions represent a major loss food resources. The regional impacts GMHT are shown depend whether adoption farmers covaries with current levels.
An epidemiologic study investigating the prevalence of lameness in lactating dairy cows was performed 17 herds Minnesota and Wisconsin. The mean herd size 50 cows. Cows from 14 were housed stanchions or tie stalls, 3 free stalls dry lot. During visits to each farm summer subsequent spring, 2 investigators simultaneously but independently evaluated ambulation by use a standardized scoring system. system reliable at visits, with 92.7 91.3% agreement between observers kappa coefficients 0.60....
Understanding demographic processes will be essential to construct robust models of population responses climate change. We show that survival is related the strength North Atlantic Oscillation in five out ten British resident passerine species, and explore importance biologically more specific variables (duration winter frosts snow periods; occurrence cold, wet days; spring temperature; summer drought). The most important differed between species relation differences foraging strategy. In...
Summary Landscapes are becoming increasingly intensively managed resulting in greater anthropogenic disturbance of ecosystems. Effective policies for conservation and management wildlife populations will require a mechanistic understanding the processes underlying population responses to these changes. Detailed demographic studies often individual relatively stable habitats, whereas there is need characterize variation at larger scales wider landscapes that subject environmental change. We...
Abstract Aim Recent, rapid population declines in many Afro‐Palaearctic migratory bird species have focussed attention on changing conditions within Africa. However, processes influencing change can operate throughout the annual cycle and ranges. Here, we explore evidence for impacts of breeding non‐breeding trends British birds varying status wintering ecology. Location Great Britain (England & Scotland). Methods Within‐ between‐species variation is quantified 46 with differing...
Summary Millions of shorebirds migrate each year through a small number highly productive staging areas where they often conflict with fisheries interests. Delaware Bay, USA, is major shorebird stopover site where, in spring, many thousands undergo rapid mass gain by feeding on the eggs commercially harvested horseshoe crabs Limulus polyphemus . Environmental factors may cause deviations from best migration schedule. We used within‐year data red knot Calidris canutus caught Bay between 1998...
Finch trichomonosis, caused by the protozoal parasite Trichomonas gallinae , was first recognized as an emerging infectious disease of British passerines in 2005. The year seasonal epidemic mortality occurred 2006 with significant declines greenfinch Carduelis chloris and chaffinch Fringilla coelebs populations. Here, we demonstrate that large-scale mortality, principally greenfinch, continued subsequent years, 2007–2009, a shifting geographical distribution across Isles over time....
The importance of wild bird populations as a reservoir zoonotic pathogens is well established. Salmonellosis frequently diagnosed infectious cause mortality garden birds in England and Wales, predominantly caused by Salmonella enterica subspecies serovar Typhimurium definitive phage types 40, 56(v) 160. In Britain, these are considered highly host-adapted with high degree genetic similarity amongst isolates, some instances clonal. Pulsed field gel electrophoresis, however, demonstrated...
Parasites have the capacity to affect animal populations by modifying host survival, and it is increasingly recognized that infectious disease can negatively impact biodiversity. Populations of house sparrow (Passer domesticus) declined in many European towns cities, but causes these declines remain unclear. We investigated associations between parasite infection demography across suburban London where abundance has 71% since 1995. Plasmodium relictum was found at higher prevalences...
To understand the reasons for population change we need to mechanisms through which it occurs. Throughout western Europe there have been declines in farmland birds. These paralleled by major changes agricultural management. Which resulted habitat structure. This paper describes selection at two scales (within and between fields) of a number seed‐eating Habitat preferences most species were related density seeds present. differed markedly habitats. Seed declined with distance from hedgerow...
Provision of bird food in gardens is a common activity that may provide an alternative source to birds winter. Long‐term survey data recording the weekly presence all species using garden feeders winter were analysed see if there was any evidence trends feeder use between 1970 and 2000 whether these correlated with breeding population trends. Of 41 analysed, 21 showed significant increases occurrence at 2000. Many evident only last 10 years. Several positive correlations relative size...
House Sparrow Passer domesticus populations have declined throughout Europe over the last two to three decades; this is of particular concern in urban areas. We analysed data from extensive census schemes organized by British Trust for Ornithology determine current population size Britain, and assess long‐term patterns change, both wider countryside environments. The national breeding Sparrows was estimated at approximately 13 million individuals (95% confidence interval, 11.9–14.8 million),...
Summary In Britain, the song thrush Turdus philomelos is categorized as a species of high national conservation concern because large population decline during last three decades. We calculated series annual estimates for woodland and farmland habitats combined period 1964–2000. then used turning points analysis to identify seven blocks years within (1968–2000) with uniform rates change in smoothed trend. recoveries thrushes ringed nestlings, juveniles adults April–September estimate...