A5013819164- Avian ecology and behavior
- Wildlife Ecology and Conservation
- Species Distribution and Climate Change
- Ecology and Vegetation Dynamics Studies
- Animal Behavior and Reproduction
- Coral and Marine Ecosystems Studies
- Animal Ecology and Behavior Studies
- Marine and fisheries research
- Marine and coastal plant biology
- Marine animal studies overview
- Wildlife-Road Interactions and Conservation
- Fish Ecology and Management Studies
- Coastal and Marine Management
- Plant and animal studies
- Bladder and Urothelial Cancer Treatments
- Rangeland and Wildlife Management
- Coastal wetland ecosystem dynamics
- Epigenetics and DNA Methylation
- Economic and Environmental Valuation
- Diverse Aspects of Tourism Research
- Climate variability and models
- Land Use and Ecosystem Services
- Tropical and Extratropical Cyclones Research
- Botany and Plant Ecology Studies
- Genetic diversity and population structure
University of East Anglia
2016-2025
Norwich Research Park
2013-2025
British Trust for Ornithology
2013
Norwich University
2005-2010
Tyndall Centre
2001-2009
Ecologie & Evolution
2005-2008
Coral reefs are rich in biodiversity, large part because their highly complex architecture provides shelter and resources for a wide range of organisms. Recent rapid declines hard coral cover have occurred across the Caribbean region, but concomitant consequences reef not been quantified on scale to date. We provide, our knowledge, first region-wide analysis changes architectural complexity, using nearly 500 surveys 200 reefs, between 1969 2008. The complexity has declined nonlinearly with...
The decline of corals on tropical reefs is usually ascribed to a combination natural and anthropogenic factors, but the relative importance these causes remains unclear. In this paper, we attempt quantify contribution hurricanes Caribbean coral cover over past two decades using meta-analyses. Our study included published unpublished data from 286 reef sites monitored for variable lengths time between 1980 2001. Of these, 177 had experienced hurricane impacts during their period survey....
Recent shifts in phenology response to climate change are well established but often poorly understood. Many animals integrate across a spatially and temporally dispersed annual life cycle, effects modulated by ecological interactions, evolutionary endogenous control mechanisms. Here we assess discuss key statements emerging from the rapidly developing study of changing spring migratory birds. These well-studied organisms have been instrumental for understanding climate-change effects,...
Abstract Declines in migratory species are a pressing concern worldwide, but the mechanisms underpinning these declines not fully understood. We hypothesised that with greater within‐population variability movements and destinations, here termed ‘migratory diversity’, might be more resilient to environmental change. To test this, we related map‐based metrics of diversity recent population trends for 340 European breeding birds. Species occupy larger non‐breeding ranges relative breeding,...
1. The extent and consequences of human disturbance on populations vertebrates are contentious issues in conservation. As recreational industrial uses the countryside continue to expand, it is becoming increasingly important that effects such wildlife quantified. 2. This study describes a method quantifying effect disturbance, based measuring trade-off between resource use risk disturbance. approach one used by ethologists predation patch use. 3. Pink-footed geese, Anser brachyrhynchus,...
Abstract: The projected rise in sea level is likely to increase the vulnerability of coastal zones Caribbean, which are already under pressure from a combination anthropogenic activities and natural processes. One major effects will be loss beach habitat, provides nesting sites for endangered turtles. To assess potential impacts sea‐level on turtle we used profile measurements beaches Bonaire, Netherlands Antilles, develop elevation models individual geographic information system. These were...
Coral bleaching is a stress-related response that can be triggered by elevated sea surface temperatures (SST). Recent increases in the frequency of coral have led to concerns marine may threaten entire reef regions. We report exponential geographical extent and intensity Caribbean with increasing SST anomalies. A rise regional 0.1°C results 35% 42% geographic bleaching, respectively. Maximum are predicted occur at anomalies less than +1°C, which coincides most conservative projections for...
Climate change may affect important environmental components of holiday destinations, which might have repercussions for tourism-dependent economies. This study documents the importance attributes in determining choice and enjoyment tourists visiting Bonaire Barbados, two Caribbean islands with markedly different tourism markets infrastructure. Three hundred sixteen 338 participants from respectively, completed standardized questionnaires. Warm temperatures, clear waters low health risks...
When species occupy habitats that vary in quality, choice of habitat can be critical determining individual fitness. In most migratory species, juveniles migrate independently their parents and must therefore choose both breeding winter habitats. Using a unique dataset marked black-tailed godwits ( Limosa limosa islandica ) tracked throughout range, combined with analyses stable carbon isotope ratios, we show those individuals higher quality sites also use sites. This seasonal matching...
Human recreational activities are often considered as potential threats to biodiversity, by restricting animals’ access resources that otherwise would be exploited. Because wildlife areas is one major means of increasing their public value, and hence the pressure conserve them, it clearly critical able identify accurately when human presence a threat conservation not. A wide range methods have been used assess impacts disturbance on these summarized here. The type method depends principally...
1. In migratory birds males tend to arrive first on breeding grounds, except in sex-role reversed species. The two most common explanations are the rank advantage hypothesis, which male-male competition for sites drives stronger selection early arrival than females, and mate opportunity relies sexual selection, as improves prospects of acquisition more females. 2. To date, theoretical work has focused within a single sex, usually male. However, if fitness depends territory quality, should...
Recent advances in spring arrival dates have been reported many migratory species but the mechanism driving these is unknown. As population declines are most widely that not advancing migration, there an urgent need to identify mechanisms facilitating and constraining advances. Individual plasticity timing of migration response changing climatic conditions commonly proposed drive individual timings rarely observed. For a shorebird has significantly advanced recent decades, we show highly...
The architectural complexity of ecosystems can greatly influence their capacity to support biodiversity and deliver ecosystem services. Understanding the components underlying this aid development effective strategies for conservation. Caribbean coral reefs protect millions livelihoods, but recent anthropogenic change is shifting communities toward dominated by stress-resistant species, which are often less architecturally complex. With regionwide decline in reef fish abundance, it becoming...
We review the conservation issues facing migratory shorebird populations that breed in temperate regions and use wetlands non‐breeding season. Shorebirds are excellent model organisms for understanding ecological, behavioural evolutionary processes often used as indicators of wetland health. A global team experienced researchers identified 45 these populations, divided them into three categories (natural, current anthropogenic future issues). The natural included megatsunamis, volcanoes...
The relative fitness of individuals across a population can shape distributions and drive growth rates. Migratory species often winter over large geographic ranges, in different locations experience very environmental conditions, including migration costs, which potentially create inequalities. Here we used energetics models to quantify the trade-offs experienced by migratory shorebird at throughout nonbreeding range, associated consequences for performance, survival, breeding habitat...
Summary The Numeniini is a tribe of 13 wader species (Scolopacidae, Charadriiformes) which seven are Near Threatened or globally threatened, including two Critically Endangered. To help inform conservation management and policy responses, we present the results an expert assessment threats that members this taxonomic group face across migratory flyways. Most increasing in intensity, particularly non-breeding areas, where habitat loss resulting from residential commercial development,...
Abstract Aim Recent, rapid population declines in many Afro‐Palaearctic migratory bird species have focussed attention on changing conditions within Africa. However, processes influencing change can operate throughout the annual cycle and ranges. Here, we explore evidence for impacts of breeding non‐breeding trends British birds varying status wintering ecology. Location Great Britain (England & Scotland). Methods Within‐ between‐species variation is quantified 46 with differing...
In migratory birds, early arrival on breeding sites is typically associated with greater success, but the mechanisms driving these benefits are rarely known. One mechanism through which success among arrivers can potentially be achieved increased time available for replacement clutches following nest loss. However, contribution of to will depend seasonal variation in survival rates, and consequences juvenile recruitment hatching at different times season. particular, lower rates late-hatched...
ABSTRACT Aim To identify the broad‐scale oceanic migration routes (‘marine flyways’) used by multiple pelagic, long‐distance migratory seabirds based on a global compilation of tracking data. Location Global. Time Period 1989–2023. Major Taxa Studied Seabirds (Families: Phaethontidae, Hydrobatidae, Diomedeidae, Procellariidae, Laridae and Stercorariidae). Methods We collated comprehensive dataset that included 48 pelagic migrating seabird species across Atlantic, Indian, Pacific Southern...
Coral reef ecosystems are in decline worldwide, owing to a variety of anthropogenic and natural causes. One the most obvious signals degradation is reduction live coral cover. Past current rates loss known for many individual reefs; however, until recently, no large-scale estimate was available. In this paper, we show how meta-analysis can be used integrate existing small-scale estimates change macroalgal cover, derived from situ surveys reefs, generate robust assessment long-term patterns...