Two transgenic rice (Oryza sativa L.) lines, KMD1 and KMD2 at the R4 generation, transformed with a synthetic cry1Ab gene from Bacillus thuringiensis Berliner, were first evaluated for stem borer resistance in field during growing season of 1998 two areas Zhejiang Province, China. Both highly resistant to borers Chilo suppressalis (Walker) Scirpophaga incertulas (Walker), completely undamaged whole season. In contrast, damage plants untransformed parental control (Xiushui 11) was form...

Abstract Background The Multinational Brassica rapa Genome Sequencing Project (BrGSP) has developed valuable genomic resources, including BAC libraries, BAC-end sequences, genetic and physical maps, seed sequences for . An integrated linkage map between the amphidiploid B. napus diploid will facilitate rapid transfer of these resources from to (Oilseed rape, Canola). Results In this study, we identified over 23,000 simple sequence repeats (SSRs) 536 sequenced BACs. 890 SSR markers...

The market value of tea is largely dependent on the species and cultivar. Therefore, it important to develop efficient molecular markers covering entire genome that can be used for identification varieties, marker-assisted breeding, mapping quantitative trait loci beneficial traits. In this study, genome-wide based intron length polymorphism (ILP) were developed trees. A total 479, 1393, 1342 ILP identified using PCR method in silico from ‘Shuchazao’ scaffold genome, chromosome-level...

Distant hybridization between Brassica napus and related genera serves as an effective approach for rapeseed germplasm innovation. Isatis indigotica, a wild relative of Brassica, has emerged valuable genetic resource improvement due to its medicinal properties. This study employed anchor mapping alien chromosomal fragment localization (AMAC) method efficiently identify fragments in the progeny derived from distant I. indigotica napus, 'Songyou No. 1'. Based on AMAC method, we developed...

Abstract Using quantum discord (QD) and geometric (GQD), correlation dynamics is investigated of two coupled qubits within a multiqubit interacting system in the zero-temperature bosonic reservoir, under both weak strong qubit-reservoir coupling regimes. The connected with either common reservoir (CBR) or multiple independent reservoirs (IBRs). In CBR case, our findings indicate that QD GQD can be strengthened by increasing number system. Furthermore, we study steady state regime, find...

The rhizospheric microbial community is one of the major environmental factors affecting distribution and fitness plants. Ancient wild tea plants are rare genetic resource distributed in Southwest China. In this study, we investigated that bacterial communities ancient along elevational gradients (2050, 2200, 2350 2500 m) QianJiaZhai Reserve Ailao Mountains. According to Illumina MiSeq sequencing 16 S rRNA gene amplicons, Proteobacteria, Acidobacteria Actinobacteria were dominant phyla with...

In this study, the genetic diversity and population structure of 4 wild ancient tea tree ( Camellia taliensis ) populations at different altitudes (2,050, 2,200, 2,350, 2,500 m) in Qianjiazhai Nature Reserve, Zhenyuan country, Yunnan province, were investigated using EST-SSR molecular markers to compare their variation against altitude. total, 182 alleles detected across all loci, ranging from 6 25. The top one informative SSR was CsEMS4 with polymorphism information content (PIC) 0.96....

Fatsia japonica (Thunb.) Decne. et Planch. is an important woody landscape plant, and its distribution commonly limited by salt stress. Although the application of exogenous nitric oxide (NO) has been known to be effective in alleviating abiotic stress plants, underlying mechanism which NO induces resistance F. remains unknown. In this study, physiological metabolic characteristics seedlings with under conditions were investigated. We demonstrated that (0.1 mM sodium nitroprusside, SNP)...

Potentially toxic elements (PTEs) pollution occurs widely in soils due to various anthropogenic activities. Lead (Pb) and cadmium (Cd) coexist soil frequently, threatening plant growth. To explore the interaction effect between Pb Cd Ficus parvifolia response of physiological characteristics stress, we designed a culture experiment. The experiment demonstrated that stress improved leaf photosynthesis ability, while inhibited it. Furthermore, or increased malonaldehyde (MDA) content, but...

Abstract Einstein–Podolsky–Rosen (EPR) steering is different from quantum entanglement because of its unique asymmetry. Multipartite asymmetric EPR can break through one-to-one monogamy and achieve one to many one-way steering. That say, the state part steer other rest parts simultaneously, while cannot this part. Here, a scheme proposed generate by optical parametric amplification cascaded with sum-frequency generation process. One non-monogamy steering, such as two three are demonstrated...

Abstract Castor bean ( Ricinus communis L., Euphorbiaceae) is a critical biodiesel crop and its seed derivatives have important industrial applications. Due to lack of high-density genetic map, the breeding improvement castor has been largely restricted. In this study, based on recombinant inbred line (RIL) population consisting 200 individuals, we generated 8,896 high-quality genomic SNP markers constructed high-resolution map with 10 linkage groups (LGs), spanning 1,852.33 centiMorgan...

Camellia reticulata (Lindl.) is an important ornamental plant in China. Long-term natural or artificial selections have resulted diverse phenotypes, especially for flower colors. Modulating colors can enhance the visual appeal and economic value plants. In this study, we investigated molecular mechanisms underlying color differentiation C. reticulata. We performed a combined transcriptome metabolome analysis of petals popular variety (HHYC) (red), its two cultivars "Xuejiao" (XJ) (pink)...

Abstract Plant dwarfism is a desirable agronomic trait in non-timber trees, but little known about the physiological and molecular mechanism underlying woody plants. Castor bean ( Ricinus communis ) typical oilseed crop. We performed cytological observations within xylem, phloem cambia tissues, revealing that divergent cell growth all tissues might play role dwarf phenotype cultivated castor bean. Based on bulked segregant analyses for F 2 population generated from crossing of tall...

Tea (Camellia sinensis L.), an important economic crop in China, is highly favored by the population. Microorganisms can help plants acquire soil nutrients and cope with various stresses, diversity structural composition of rhizosphere microbial community tea are crucial for ensuring growth quality leaves. Therefore, we studied differences nutrients, enzyme activities communities between two different gardens (a tableland garden ancient plantation) ecological niches (rhizosphere bulk soil),...

Pistacia chinensis Bunge (P. chinensis), a dioecious plant species, has been widely found in China. The female P. plants are more important than male agricultural production, as their seeds can serve an ideal feedstock for biodiesel. However, the sex of is hard to distinguish during seedling stage due scarcity available transcriptomic and genomic information. In this work, Illumina paired-end RNA sequencing assay was conducted unravel profiles flower buds. total, 50,925,088 51,470,578 clean...

Seed oil content is a key seed quality trait determining the economic value of rapeseed (Brassica napus L.). However, it complex quantitative controlled by multiple genes. To this point, its genetic mechanism in remains to be revealed. In present study, we separately identified loci (QTL) controlling B. using three generations recombinant inbred line (RIL) populations (F 4:5 , F 5:6 and 6:7 ) derived from cross two contrasting parents (M201, high-oil parent, M202, low-oil parent) four...

Multipartite quantum steering is an important resource and the basis of computing secure communication. In this paper, a scheme proposed to produce genuine five-partite by injected signal optical parametric oscillation cascaded with two sum-frequency processes. First, idler beam generated difference-frequency generation process between pump in superlattice. By using quasi-phase-matching technique, beams are processes as well signals same It found that exists applying criterion for...

Abstract Quantum steering has become an important resource for quantum information due to its unique asymmetry. In this paper, quadripartite generated by single-pass nondegenerate optical parametric amplification cascaded with a sum-frequency process is investigated. Firstly, idler beam produced different-frequency between pump and signal. Secondly, in the same superlattice. Quadripartite among pump, signal, beams demonstrated based on criterion multipartite steering. The influences of...

Genetic diversity is crucial for determining the evolutionary potential of a species and essential developing optimal conservation strategies. The impact habitat fragmentation on genetic food-deceptive orchids seems to be unpredictable because their specialized seed pollen dispersal mechanisms. deceptive Cypripedium flavum was severely fragmented during past half century. This study investigated structure seven populations in Shangrila County using AFLP markers. A total 376 alleles were...

Einstein-Podolsky-Rosen (EPR) steering is a quantum effect based on entanglement and it the key resource for building networks because of its useful properties. Based criterion genuine multipartite EPR steering, quadripartite confirmed can be generated by spontaneous parametric down-conversion cascaded process with two sum-frequency generations in an optical superlattice. This occurs either below oscillation threshold without threshold. The influence parameters nonlinear among signal, idler,...