Spindle assembly, establishment of kinetochore attachment, and sister chromatid separation must occur during mitosis in a highly coordinated fashion to ensure accurate chromosome segregation. In most vertebrate cells, the nuclear envelope break down allow interaction between microtubules mitotic spindle kinetochores. It was previously shown that breakdown (NEB) is not with centrosome can be either complete at time NEB or completed after NEB. this study, we investigated whether timing affects...

The mitotic spindle self-assembles in prometaphase by a combination of centrosomal pathway, which dynamically unstable microtubules search space until chromosomes are captured, and chromosomal grow from focus to the poles. Quantitative mechanistic understanding how assembly can be both fast accurate is lacking. Specifically, it unclear how, if at all, chromosome movements combining pathways affect speed accuracy. We used computer simulations high-resolution microscopy test plausible...

Assembly of an integral Golgi complex is driven by microtubule (MT)-dependent transport. Conversely, the itself functions as unconventional MT-organizing center (MTOC). This raises question whether assembly requires centrosomal MTs or can be self-organized, relying on its own MTOC activity. The computational model presented here predicts that each MT population capable gathering stacks but not establishing integrity polarity. In contrast, concerted effort two populations would assemble...

We present results from extensive Monte Carlo (MC) simulations of domain growth in ferromagnets and binary mixtures with quenched disorder. These are modeled by the random-bond Ising model dilute either nonconserved (Glauber) spin-flip kinetics or conserved (Kawasaki) spin-exchange kinetics. In all cases, our MC consistent power-law an exponent theta(T, epsilon) which depends on quench temperature T disorder amplitude epsilon. Such exponents arise naturally when coarsening domains trapped...

Actin Microtubule crosstalk regulates the polarity and morphology of migrating cells encompasses mechanical interactions, mediated by crosslinkers, molecular motors, cytoskeletal regulators. Recent experiments indicate that local microtubule depolymerization promotes actomyosin retraction, whereas polymerization actin-polymerization. Based on these observations, we develop a computational whole-cell model involving dynamic microtubules interacting mechanically chemically with an active cell...

Kinetochore couples chromosome movement to dynamic microtubules, a process that is fundamental mitosis in all eukaryotes but poorly understood. In vertebrates, spindle-kinetochore-associated (Ska1-3) protein complex plays an important role this process. However, the proteins stabilize Ska-mediated kinetochore-microtubule attachment remain unknown. Here we show microtubule plus-end tracking EB1 facilitates Ska localization on microtubules vertebrate cells. depletion results significant...

We explore a standard epidemiological model, known as the SIRD to study COVID-19 infection in India, and few other countries around world. use (a) stable cumulative of various (b) number versus tests carried out evaluate model. The time-dependent rate is set model obtain best fit with available data. simulated aiming project probable features Indian states, countries. India imposed an early lockdown contain that can be treated by its healthcare system. find current containment measures,...

We study the kinetics of domain growth in ferromagnets with random exchange interactions. present detailed Monte Carlo results for nonconserved random-bond Ising model, which are consistent power law a variable exponent. These interpreted context disorder barriers logarithmic dependence on size. Further, we clarify implications both and conserved growth.

High-fidelity chromosome segregation during cell division depends on a series of concerted interdependent interactions. Using systems biology approach, we built robust minimal computational model to comprehend mitotic events in dividing budding yeasts two major phyla: Ascomycota and Basidiomycota. This accurately reproduces experimental observations related spindle alignment, nuclear migration, microtubule (MT) dynamics these yeasts. The converges the conclusion that biased nucleation...

The nuclear division takes place in the daughter cell basidiomycetous budding yeast Cryptococcus neoformans. Unclustered kinetochores gradually cluster and nucleus moves to bud as cells enter mitosis. Here, we show that evolutionarily conserved Aurora B kinase Ipl1 localizes upon breakdown of envelope during mitosis C. is shown be required for timely well. essential viability regulates structural integrity microtubules. compromised stability cytoplasmic microtubules depletion results a...

During mitosis, cells round up and utilize the interphase adhesion sites within fibrous extracellular matrix (ECM) as guidance cues to orient mitotic spindles. Here, using suspended ECM-mimicking nanofiber networks, we explore outcomes error distribution for various cell shapes. Elongated attached single fibers through two focal clusters (FACs) at their extremities result in perfect spherical bodies that undergo significant 3-dimensional (3D) displacement while being held by retraction...

Abstract Stabilization of microtubule plus end-directed kinesin CENP-E at the metaphase kinetochores is important for chromosome alignment, but its mechanism remains unclear. Here, we show that CKAP5, a conserved tip protein, regulates in human cells. Depletion CKAP5 impairs localization plate and results increased kinetochore–microtubule stability attachment errors. Erroneous attachments are also supported by computational modeling. Analysis knockout cancer cells multiple tissue origins...

We study the aging properties, in particular two-time autocorrelations, of two-dimensional randomly diluted Ising ferromagnet below critical temperature via Monte Carlo simulations. find that autocorrelation function displays additive C(t,t{w})=C{st}(t)+C{ag}(t,t{w}), where stationary part Cst} decays algebraically. The shows anomalous scaling C{ag}(t,t{w})=C[h(t)h(t{w})], h(u) is a nonhomogeneous excluding t/t{w} scaling.

We study the active 4-state Potts model (APM) on square lattice in which particles have four internal states corresponding to directions of motion. A local alignment rule inspired by ferromagnetic and self-propulsion via biased diffusion according particle leads flocking at high densities low noise. compute phase diagram APM explore dynamics region, high-density (liquid) coexists with low-density (gas) forms a fluctuating band coherently moving particles. As function velocity, novel...

We investigate, analytically near the dimension d(uc) =4 and numerically in d=3 , nonequilibrium relaxational dynamics of randomly diluted Ising model at criticality. Using exact renormalization-group method to one loop, we compute two times t, t(w) correlation function fluctuation dissipation ratio (FDR) for any Fourier mode order parameter, finite wave vector q . In large time separation limit, FDR is found reach a nontrivial value X(infinity) independently (small) coincide with associated...

The nonequilibrium dynamics of condensation phenomena in nanopores is studied via Monte Carlo simulations a lattice-gas model. Hysteretic behavior the particle density as function reservoir obtained for various pore geometries two and three dimensions. shape hysteresis loops depend on characteristics geometry. evaporation particles from can be fitted to stretched exponential decay density. Phase-separation inside effectively described by random walk non-wetting phases. Domain evolution...

We study the $q$-state active Potts model (APM) on a two-dimensional lattice in which self-propelled particles have $q$ internal states corresponding to directions of motion. A local alignment rule inspired by ferromagnetic and self-propulsion via biased diffusion according particle leads collective motion at high densities low noise. formulate coarse-grained hydrodynamic theory model, compute phase diagrams APM for $q=4$ $q=6$ explore flocking dynamics region, high-density (polar liquid)...

We study the active Potts model with either site occupancy restriction or on-site repulsion to explore jamming and kinetic arrest in a flocking model. The incorporation of such volume exclusion features leads surprisingly rich variety self-organized spatial patterns. While bands lanes moving particles commonly occur without under weak exclusion, strong along low temperature, high activity, large particle density facilitates jams due motility-induced phase separation. Through several...