A5035607641- Cellular Mechanics and Interactions
- Microtubule and mitosis dynamics
- 3D Printing in Biomedical Research
- Advanced Fluorescence Microscopy Techniques
- Biocrusts and Microbial Ecology
- Micro and Nano Robotics
- Force Microscopy Techniques and Applications
- Nuclear Physics and Applications
- Genomics and Chromatin Dynamics
- Fault Detection and Control Systems
- Nuclear reactor physics and engineering
- Gene Regulatory Network Analysis
- Nuclear Structure and Function
- Mathematical Biology Tumor Growth
- Advanced Data Processing Techniques
- Cardiomyopathy and Myosin Studies
- Photosynthetic Processes and Mechanisms
- Slime Mold and Myxomycetes Research
- Graphite, nuclear technology, radiation studies
- Tendon Structure and Treatment
- Mitochondrial Function and Pathology
- Cellular transport and secretion
- Sensor Technology and Measurement Systems
- Engineering Diagnostics and Reliability
- Advanced Materials and Mechanics
Courant Institute of Mathematical Sciences
2016-2025
New York University
2016-2025
University of California, Berkeley
2001-2016
University of California, Davis
2005-2014
University of California System
2006-2014
Genomics (United Kingdom)
2009-2013
Stanford University
2001
University of British Columbia
1995-1996
Institute for Physics and Power Engineering
1981
There has been a great deal of interest in the mechanism lamellipodial protrusion (Pollard, T., and G. Borisy. 2003. Cell. 112:453–465). However, one this mechanism's endpoints, force protrusion, never directly measured. We place an atomic microscopy cantilever path migrating keratocyte. The deflection cantilever, which occurs over period ∼10 s, provides direct measure exerted by leading edge. Stall forces are consistent with ∼100 polymerizing actin filaments per micrometer edge, each...
Keratocytes are fast-moving cells in which adhesion dynamics tightly coupled to the actin polymerization motor that drives migration, resulting highly coordinated cell movement. We have found modifying adhesive properties of underlying substrate has a dramatic effect on keratocyte morphology. Cells crawling at intermediate strengths resembled stereotypical keratocytes, characterized by broad, fan-shaped lamellipodium, clearly defined leading and trailing edges, persistent rates protrusion...
The assembly and function of cilia on Caenorhabditis elegans neurons depends the action two kinesin-2 motors, heterotrimeric kinesin-II homodimeric OSM-3-kinesin, which cooperate to move same intraflagellar transport (IFT) particles along microtubule (MT) doublets. Using competitive in vitro MT gliding assays, we show that purified OSM-3 generate movement similar seen cilium absence any additional regulatory factors. Quantitative modeling suggests this could reflect an alternating mechanism,...
Variations in cell migration and morphology are consequences of changes underlying cytoskeletal organization dynamics. We investigated how these large-scale cellular events emerge as direct small-scale molecular activities. Because the properties actin cytoskeleton can be modulated by actin-remodeling proteins, we quantitatively examined one such family enabled/vasodilator-stimulated phosphoprotein (Ena/VASP), affects epithelial fish keratocytes. Keratocytes generally migrate persistently...
Spindle assembly, establishment of kinetochore attachment, and sister chromatid separation must occur during mitosis in a highly coordinated fashion to ensure accurate chromosome segregation. In most vertebrate cells, the nuclear envelope break down allow interaction between microtubules mitotic spindle kinetochores. It was previously shown that breakdown (NEB) is not with centrosome can be either complete at time NEB or completed after NEB. this study, we investigated whether timing affects...
Significance Cells can sense and adapt to their physical microenvironment through specific mechanosensing mechanisms. These properties are often mediated by the actin cytoskeleton, which be affected a wide range of forces, including fluid shear stress, cyclic stretch, optical or magnetic force. However, immediate effects force on assembly structures distal from sites application were not assessed. Our work reveals previously unidentified structure, perinuclear rim, is induced mechanical...
Apicomplexan parasites are thought to actively invade the host cell by gliding motility. This movement is powered parasite's own actomyosin system, and depends on regulated polymerisation depolymerisation of actin generate force for penetration. Recent studies demonstrated that Toxoplasma gondii can in absence several core components invasion machinery, such as motor protein myosin A (MyoA), microneme proteins MIC2 AMA1 actin, indicating presence alternative mechanisms. Here roles MyoA,...
Significance Symmetry breaking and motility initiation are required for many physiological pathological processes, but the mechanical mechanisms that drive symmetry not well understood. Fish keratocytes break spontaneously, in absence of external cues, with myosin-driven actin flow preceding rear retraction. Here we combine experimental manipulations mathematical modeling to show critical event is a flow-dependent, nonlinear switch adhesion strength. Moreover, our results suggest feedback...