Respiratory burst oxidase homologs (RBOHs) are important proteins that catalyze the production of reactive oxygen species (ROS), which play roles in growth and stress response. For a comprehensive analysis SmRBOH genes, we conducted genome-wide identification gene family eggplant (Solanum melongena L.) analyzed expression SmRBOHs under abiotic (salt, high-temperature, low-temperature) biotic (Verticillium dahliae inoculation) by quantitative real-time PCR (qRT-PCR). The result showed total...

ABSTRACT We empirically examine how market competitiveness, which is subject to the influences of globalisation, affects Chinese firms' ESG (environmental, social and governance) performance. acquire detailed information on A‐share listed firms between 2011 2020 use foreign tariff shocks as instrumental variables competitiveness control for endogeneity. find that a higher concentration (i.e., lower level competition) significantly improves ratings. This finding remains robust under various...

Solanum aculeatissimum and torvum belong to the species, they are essential plants known for their high resistance diseases adverse conditions. They frequently used as rootstocks grafting often crossbred with other species leverage traits. However, phylogenetic relationship between S. within genus remains unclear. Therefore, this paper aims sequence complete chloroplast genomes of analyze them in comparison 29 previously published species.

Eggplant (Solanum melongena L.), a widely cultivated vegetable of the Solanaceae family, faces significant challenges in growth and yield due to soil salinization. This study aimed investigate functional role transcription factor SmMYB39 salt stress tolerance eggplant. investigation was conducted through utilization bioinformatics analysis, quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR), subcellular localization, validation transcriptional activation activity, Virus-Induced Gene...

Eggplant (Solanum melongena L.) is an important economic crop, and to date, there has been no genome-wide identification analysis of the cyclic nucleotide-gated channel (CNGC) gene family in eggplant. In this study, we identified CNGC eggplant, results showed that 29 SmCNGC genes were classified into five groups, unevenly distributed across 12 chromosomes The structure motif indicated proteins may exhibit apparent preferences during evolution. Furthermore, our study revealed presence...

Magnolia × soulangeana 'Changchun' are trees that bloom in spring and summer respectively after flower bud differentiation. Here, we use phenological morphological observation RNA-seq technology to study the molecular basis of flowering initiation 'Changchun'. During process summer, growth expanded buds increased significantly, their shape was obviously enlarged, which indicated initiated. A total 168,120 expressed genes were identified dormant buds, 11,687 showed significantly differential...

Waterlogging poses significant abiotic stress that endangers the survival of plants, including crops. In response, plants dramatically change their physiology to enhance tolerance waterlogging, such as proteome reconfiguration. Here, we utilized isobaric tags for relative and absolute quantitation (iTRAQ)-based protein labeling technique examine proteomic changes induced by waterlogging in roots Solanum melongena L., a solanaceous plant. The were subjected 6, 12, 24 h at flowering stage. Of...

We build a dynamic and heterogeneous firm-level model that embodies joint decisions to export innovate allows both affect the firm's production growth. calibrate based on Chinese manufacturing firm data from 2005 2007 find that: (1) industry dynamics are driven by self-selection learning-by-exporting mechanisms, in which firms' exports innovation work tandem, (2) an increasing tariff causes much bigger negative impact than entry cost, (3) impacts of trade conflict heavily depend its severity...

Abstract Magnolia × soulangeana , one of the most famous ornamental trees Magnoliaceae, is widely cultivated around world. However, its phenological characteristics at life‐cycle scale have never been detailedly reported so far. In this article, extended BBCH (Biologische Bundesanstalt, Bundessortenamt, und Chemische Industrie) was applied to divide growth and development cycle M. in both juvenile phase adult phase, describe stage, as provide theoretical guidance for cultivation measures...

This paper examines China's optimal fiscal policy in a general equilibrium model, which the government finances its budget through both special instrument, an implicit tax on residential land, and typical conventional value-added (VAT). By solving Ramsey problem, we find that (i) suggests much lower land rate than existing China, (ii) substantial part of debt stabilization should come adjustment VAT rate, instead relying financing. Switching from to generates significant welfare gains.

Wenzhou dialect, as a unique is not only known by the people all over China, but also plays positive role in promoting spread of Chinese culture and merchant country even around world. At same time, like dialects many areas country, dialect facing possibility shrinking range dissemination audience, or disappearing user groups. In recent years, China’s language resources protection project actively construction. While vigorously national standard language, it can scientifically protect...

The study examines the link between tourism development and economic growth in Macao, leveraging its status as a global gaming hub. Using data decomposition strategy Limited Information Maximum Likelihood (LIML) econometric approach, it analyzes both short- long-term relationships based on from 1995 to 2019 2002–2019. Findings confirm key driver of Macao's growth, with positive impacts short long term. Physical capital, labor force, human capital also contribute positively term, while only...

Waterlogging stress poses a significant threat to eggplants (Solanum melongena L.), causing root oxygen deficiency and subsequent plant damage. This study aims explore the morphological changes chlorophyll lignin indicators of eggplant seedlings under different time points (0, 3, 6, 12, 24, 48 h) waterlogging stress. High-throughput sequencing was used identify differentially expressed miRNAs mRNAs in response eggplants. The results showed that content significantly decreased during early...

Based on a standard two-sector New Keynesian sticky price model, we show that the response of sectoral output share to monetary policy shock can be used assess relative stickiness between state-owned and private sectors in China. Specifically, sector with more increases positive shock. A structural VAR analysis Chinese industrial data confirms is stickier sector. This result implies real effect at aggregate level China would diminish along potential decline