A5103213855- Neurogenesis and neuroplasticity mechanisms
- Peroxisome Proliferator-Activated Receptors
- Neuroinflammation and Neurodegeneration Mechanisms
- Cholesterol and Lipid Metabolism
- Fatty Acid Research and Health
- Mitochondrial Function and Pathology
- HIV Research and Treatment
- HIV/AIDS Research and Interventions
- Immune Response and Inflammation
- Immune Cell Function and Interaction
- Diet and metabolism studies
- Pluripotent Stem Cells Research
- MicroRNA in disease regulation
- Epigenetics and DNA Methylation
- HIV/AIDS drug development and treatment
- Alzheimer's disease research and treatments
- Spinal Cord Injury Research
- Single-cell and spatial transcriptomics
- Spinal Dysraphism and Malformations
- Adipose Tissue and Metabolism
- Biochemical Acid Research Studies
- RNA Interference and Gene Delivery
- Natural Antidiabetic Agents Studies
- interferon and immune responses
- Sex work and related issues
Université de Montréal
2012-2024
The University of Melbourne
2020
Austin Health
2020
Peninsula Health
2020
Eastern Health
2020
Monash Health
2020
Monash University
2020
University of Glasgow
2020
Australian Catholic University
2020
St Vincent's Health
2020
Adult forebrain neurogenesis is dynamically regulated. Multiple families of niche-derived cues have been implicated in this regulation, but the precise roles key intracellular signaling pathways remain vaguely defined. Here, we show that mammalian target rapamycin (mTOR) pivotal determining proliferation versus quiescence adult neural stem cell (NSC) niche. Within niche, mTOR complex-1 (mTORC1) activation displays stage specificity, occurring transiently amplifying (TA) progenitor cells not...
Abstract Alzheimer’s disease (AD) affects cognitive modalities that are known to be regulated by adult neurogenesis, such as hippocampal‐ and olfactory‐dependent learning memory. However, the relationship between AD‐associated pathologies alterations in neurogenesis has remained contentious. In present study, we performed a detailed investigation of triple transgenic (3xTg) mouse model AD, unique generates both amyloid plaques neurofibrillary tangles, hallmark AD. neurogenic niches brain,...
The adult mammalian spinal cord has limited regenerative capacity in settings such as injury (SCI) and multiple sclerosis (MS). Recent studies have revealed that ependymal cells lining the central canal possess latent neural stem cell potential, undergoing proliferation multi-lineage differentiation following experimental SCI. To determine whether reactive are a realistic endogenous population to target order promote repair, we assessed spatiotemporal dynamics of for up 35 days three models...
Abstract The defining features of Alzheimer’s disease (AD) include alterations in protein aggregation, immunity, lipid metabolism, synapses, and learning memory. Of these, abnormalities are the least understood. Here, we investigate role Stearoyl-CoA desaturase (SCD), a crucial regulator fatty acid desaturation, AD pathogenesis. We show that inhibiting brain SCD activity for 1-month 3xTg mouse model alters core AD-related transcriptomic pathways hippocampus, it concomitantly restores...
Objective To investigate the role of HIV-1 envelope subtypes on disease progression in a rural cohort Ugandan adults where two major (A and D) exist. Methods Participants clinical seen between December 1995 1998 had blood collected for subtyping. These included prevalent cases (people already infected with HIV at start study 1990) incident (those who seroconverted 1990 1998). subtyping was carried out by heteroduplex mobility assay DNA sequencing V3 env region. Disease measured rate CD4...
The binding of pyruvate dehydrogenase and dihydrolipoyl (flavoprotein) to transacetylase, the core enzyme E. coli complex [EC 1.2.4.1:pyruvate:lipoate oxidoreductase (decaryboxylating acceptor-acetylating)], has been studied using sedimentation equilibrium analysis radioactive enzymes in conjunction with gel filtration chromatography. results show that which consists 24 apparently identical polypeptide chains organized into a cube-like structure, potential bind dimers absence flavoprotein...
Rationale: Monoacylglycerol lipase (Mgll), a hydrolase that breaks down the endocannabinoid 2-arachidonoyl glycerol (2-AG) to produce arachidonic acid (ARA), is potential target for neurodegenerative diseases, such as Alzheimer's disease (AD). Increasing evidence shows impairment of adult neurogenesis by perturbed lipid metabolism predisposes patients AD. However, it remains unknown what causes aberrant expression Mgll in AD and how Mgll-regulated impacts neurogenesis, thus predisposing...
Abstract Evidence from genetic and epidemiological studies point to lipid metabolism defects in both the brain periphery being at core of Alzheimer’s disease (AD) pathogenesis. Previously, we reported that central inhibition rate-limiting enzyme monounsaturated fatty acid synthesis, stearoyl-CoA desaturase (SCD), improves structure function 3xTg mouse model AD (3xTg-AD). Here, tested whether these beneficial effects involve recovery peripheral metabolic defects, such as fat accumulation...
Objective: To investigate the suitability of HIV sequence analysis, based on p17 region gag gene, to characterize sexual networks in and around a trading town south-west Uganda. Methods: Blood samples were obtained from 54 HIV-seropositive members three distinct phylogenetic analysis carried out proviral DNA sequences 53 individuals. Results: Despite documented evidence very little mixing between residents town, fishing village surrounding rural area, there was no clustering associated with...
A single asymmetric division by an adult neural stem cell (NSC) ultimately generates dozens of differentiated progeny, a feat made possible the proliferative expansion transit-amplifying progenitor cells (TAPs). Although NSC activation and TAP is determined pro- anti-proliferative signals found within niche, remarkably little known about how these integrate simultaneous conflicting signals. We investigated this question focusing on subventricular zone (SVZ) niche murine forebrain. Using...
The molecular epidemiology of a population-based cohort in cluster 15 villages southwestern Uganda was investigated by sequencing part the p24 gag gene and performing heteroduplex mobility assays (HMAs) V3 region env gene. Sequence HM A data, obtained for 69 88 proviruses, respectively, showed that clade D viruses were present at ratio about 0.67:1. No other clades detected. Thirteen (22%) 59 proviruses which both data appeared to be recombinants. Although 13 villages, their distribution...
Abstract Preserving the in vivo cell transcriptome is essential for accurate profiling, yet factors during isolation including time ex and temperature induce artifactual gene expression, particularly stress-responsive immune cells. In this study, we investigated two methods to mitigate activation signature (ASG) expression peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs): transcription translation inhibitors (TTis) cold temperatures isolation. Comparative analysis of PBMCs isolated with TTis...
The K14-SCF transgenic murine model of variant pigmentation is based on epidermal expression stem cell factor (SCF) the C57BL/6J background. In this system, constitutive SCF by keratinocytes results in retention melanocytes interfollicular basal layer and epidermis itself. Here, we extend animal developing a compound mutant amelanotic defective at both melanocortin 1 receptor (Mc1r) tyrosinase (Tyr) loci. presence K14-Scf, tyrosinase-mutant animals (previously thought incapable synthesizing...
The ventricular epithelium of the adult forebrain is a heterogeneous cell population that source both quiescent and activated neural stem cells (qNSCs aNSCs, respectively). We genetically targeted subset ventricle-contacting, glial fibrillary acidic protein (GFAP)-expressing cells, to study their involvement in qNSC/aNSC–mediated neurogenesis. Ventricle-contacting GFAP + were lineage-traced beginning early adulthood using brain electroporation produced small numbers olfactory bulb...
ABSTRACT Single-cell RNA sequencing (scRNAseq) is a powerful yet costly technique for studying cellular diversity within the complexity of organs and tissues. Here, we sought to establish an effective multiplexing strategy adult mouse brain that could allow multiple experimental groups be pooled into single sample sequencing, reducing costs, increasing data yield, eliminating batch effects. We first describe optimized cold temperature single-cell dissociation protocol permits isolation high...
Abstract Parkinson’s Disease (PD) is most recognized for its impact on the central nervous system. However, recent breakthroughs underscore crucial role of interactions between and peripheral systems in PD’s pathogenesis. The spotlight now shifting as we explore beyond system, discovering that changes such inflammatory dysfunctions may predict rate disease progression severity. Despite more than 200 years research PD, reliable diagnostic or biomarkers effective disease-modifying treatments...
Summary Lifestyle factors modulate dementia risk. We investigated mechanisms of risk reduction by emerging dietary ketogenic interventions. show that distinct interventions, a medium-chain triglycerides (MCT)-enriched diet and carbohydrate-free, high-fat (CFHF), improve cognition dendritic spine density memory-associated hippocampal neurons in two mouse models Alzheimer’s disease (AD). Only the CFHF drove increased circulating ketones, suggesting underlying mechanisms. AD mice exhibited...
Alois Alzheimer originally described five pathologies within the brains of AD patients: blood vessel abnormalities (cerebrovascular amyloidoisis), intraneuronal fibrils (neurofibrillary tangles), focal deposits (amyloid plaques), glial reactivity (gliosis), and lipoid non-neuronal cells (lipid accumulations). Lipid metabolism is fundamental for brain development function, but its roles in normal pathological neural stem cell (NSC) regulation remain largely unexplored. Moreover, while...