Elastic, quasielastic, and inelastic neutron scattering measurements in ${\mathrm{La}}_{2}$${\mathrm{CuO}}_{4}$ reveal novel two-dimensional antiferromagnetic behavior. At high temperatures the spins are ordered instantaneously over long distances two dimensionally but there is no measurable time-averaged staggered moment. The energy scale of spin fluctuations large, corresponding to an effective dispersion \ensuremath{\gtrsim}0.4 eV A\r{}. relevance high-temperature superconductivity this...

The chiral kinetic theory of Weyl fermions with collisions in the presence weak electric and magnetic fields is derived from quantum field theories. It found that side-jump terms perturbative solution Wigner functions play a significant role for derivation. Moreover, such manifest breaking Lorentz symmetry distribution functions. covariance thus leads to modified transformation associated phenomena further influenced by background collisions.

We discuss the fate of chiral symmetry in an extremely strong magnetic field B. investigate not only quark fluctuations but also neutral meson effects. The former would enhance chiral-symmetry breaking at finite B according to Magnetic Catalysis, while latter suppress condensate once exceeds scale hadron structure. Using a model we demonstrate how mesons are subject dimensional reduction and low dimensionality favors chiral-symmetric phase. point out that this effect, Inhibition, can be...

We report a neutron scattering study of the spin fluctuations in samples ${\mathrm{La}}_{1.89}$${\mathrm{Sr}}_{0.11}$Cu${\mathrm{O}}_{4}$ which are \ensuremath{\sim}80% superconducting with ${T}_{c}=10$ K. The structure factor $S(\mathrm{Q})$ reflects three-dimensional modulated correlations an in-plane correlation length order 18\ifmmode\pm\else\textpm\fi{}6 \AA{}. evolve temperature from being predominantly dynamic at high temperatures to mainly quasielastic ($|\ensuremath{\Delta}E|<0.5$...

The counting rule for Nambu-Goldstone modes is discussed using Mori's projection operator method in nonrelativistic systems at zero and finite temperatures. We show that the number of equal to broken charges, Q(a), minus half rank expectation value [Q(a), Q(b)].

The second-order nonlinear responses of inviscid chiral fluids near local equilibrium are investigated by applying the kinetic theory (CKT) incorporating side-jump effects. It is shown that distribution function can be non-trivially introduced in a co-moving frame with respect to fluid velocity when quantum corrections collisions involved. For study anomalous transport, contributions from both hydrodynamic equations motion and those CKT Wigner functions considered under relaxation-time (RT)...

We show that charged vector mesons cannot be condensed by a magnetic field. Although some hadron models predict the meson condensation in strong field, we prove, means of Vafa-Witten theorem, this is not case QCD. also perform numerical analysis for mass and lattice The QCD data confirm no

We derive the quantum kinetic theory for fermions with arbitrary mass in a background electromagnetic field from Wigner-function approach. Since spin of massive is dynamical degree freedom, equations leading-order corrections describe entangled dynamics not only vector- and axial-charge distributions but also polarization. Therefore, we obtain one scalar axial-vector magnetization currents pertinent to spin-orbit interaction. show that our results smoothly reduce massless limit where no...

A bstract We systematically derive the collision term for axial kinetic theory, a quantum theory delineating coupled dynamics of vector/axial charges and spin transport carried by massive spin-1/2 fermions traversing medium. employ Wigner-function approach propose consistent power-counting scheme where axial-charge distribution function, non-conserved quantity particles, is accounted as first-order in ħ expansion, while vector-charge function zeroth-order quantity. This specific allows us to...

We investigate a higher-group structure of massless axion electrodynamics in $(3+1)$ dimensions. By using the background gauging method, we show that higher-form symmetries necessarily have global semistrict 3-group (2-crossed module) structure, and exhibit 't Hooft anomalies 3-group. In particular, find cubic mixed anomaly between 0-form 1-form symmetries, which is specific to structure.

We consider a nonperturbative approach to the thermal production of dileptons and photons at temperatures near critical temperature in QCD. The suppression colored excitations low is modeled by including small value Polyakov loop, ``semi''-quark-gluon plasma (QGP). Comparing semi-QGP perturbative QGP, we find mild enhancement dileptons. In contrast, leading logarithmic order weak coupling there are far fewer hard from than usual QGP. To illustrate possible effects on photon dilepton...

We discuss the effect of rapid rotation on phase diagram hadronic matter. The energy dispersion relation is shifted by an effective chemical potential induced rotation. This suggests that should lower critical temperature chiral restoration, but it still controversial how deconfinement change as a function angular velocity. adopt hadron resonance gas model approach free from fitting parameters. identify thermodynamic behavior and find decreases temperature. also spatial inhomogeneity...

We construct matrix models for the deconfining phase transition in SU(N) gauge theories, without dynamical quarks, at a nonzero temperature T. generalize with zero and one free parameter to study model two parameters: besides perturbative terms ~T^4, we introduce ~T^2 ~T^0. The N-dependent parameters are determined by fitting data from numerical simulations on lattice pressure, including latent heat. Good agreement is found pressure semi-quark gluon plasma (QGP), which region Tc, critical...

We compute the electric conductivity of quark matter at finite temperature T and a chemical potential μ under magnetic field B beyond lowest Landau level approximation. The transverse to is dominated by Hall σ_{H}. For longitudinal σ_{∥}, we need solve kinetic equations. Then, numerically find that σ_{∥} has only mild dependence on mass m_{q}. Moreover, first decreases then linearly increases as function B, leading an intermediate region looks consistent with experimental signature for...

We derive relativistic hydrodynamics from quantum field theories by assuming that the density operator is given a local Gibbs distribution at initial time. decompose energy-momentum tensor and particle current into nondissipative dissipative parts, analyze their time evolution in detail. Performing path-integral formulation of distribution, we microscopically generating functional for hydrodynamics.We also construct basis to study corrections. In particular, first-order hydrodynamic...

The Lefschetz-thimble approach to path integrals is applied a one-site model of electrons, i.e., the Hubbard model. Since shows non-analytic behavior at zero temperature and its integral expression has sign problem, this toy good testing ground for an idea or technique attack problem. Semiclassical analysis using complex saddle points unveils significance interference among multiple Lefschetz thimbles reproduce by integral. If number insufficient, we found not only large discrepancies from...

We study higher-form symmetries in a low-energy effective theory of massless axion coupled with photon $(3+1)$ dimensions. It is shown that the this system are accompanied by semistrict 3-group (2-crossed module) structure, which can be found correlation functions symmetry generators symmetries. argue Witten effect and anomalous Hall electrodynamics described terms transformations.

We utilize the chiral kinetic theory in a relaxation-time approximation to investigate nonlinear anomalous responses of fluids with viscous effects. Unlike cases equilibrium, it is found that magnetic effect and vortical are modified by shear bulk strengths. Particularly, strength could result charged Hall currents for effects, which propagate perpendicular applied fields vorticity. These quantum corrections stemming from side jumps anomalies dissipative pertinent interactions. Although...

We study higher-form symmetries and a higher group in the low energy limit of $(3+1)$-dimensional axion electrodynamics with massive photon. A topological field theory describing excitations axion-photon coupling, which we call electrodynamics, is obtained limit. Higher-form are specified by equations motion Bianchi identities. find that there induced anyons on intersections symmetry generators. By link worldlines anyons, show worldvolume an axionic domain wall topologically ordered. further...

A bstract We study the Hamiltonian lattice Yang-Mills theory based on spin networks that provide a useful basis to represent physical states satisfying Gauss law constraints. focus SU(2) in (2 + 1) dimensions. Following string-net model, we introduce regularization of Kogut-Susskind q deformation, which respects (discretized) gauge symmetry as quantum group, i.e., k , and enables implementation both classical algorithms by referring those model. Using regularized Hamiltonian, scars...