In comparative or matching research involving two more treatments, the equivalence of patient groups is critical importance. past, has either been imposed by balancing, assured statistically randomization. Matching and while useful in many contexts, nonetheless have important limitations, as does simple recent years, a new tool developed that represents compromise between balancing This method, urn randomization, gives clinical investigators options for improving credibility studies at...

Aims. (1) To examine the matching hypothesis that Twelve Step Facilitation Therapy (TSF) is more effective than Motivational Enhancement (MET) for alcohol‐dependent clients with networks highly supportive of drinking 3 years following treatment; (2) to test a causal chain providing rationale this effect. Design. Outpatients were re‐interviewed treatment. ANCOVAs tested hypothesis. Setting. from five clinical research units distributed across United States. Participants: Eight hundred and six...

To document the existence and prevalence of adolescent-generated diabetes management techniques.One hundred forty-four adolescents completed confidential questionnaire developed for this study. Glycohemoglobin was also obtained each individual.Within 10 days before their clinic visit, many admitted to engaging in various mismanagement behaviors, with 25% admitting missing shots. Parents tend underestimate adolescent mismanagement. Missing shots significantly related poor control (P < 0.01)....

Project MATCH (Matching Alcoholism Treatments to Client Heterogeneity) is a multisite collaborative project designed evaluate patient-treatment interactions in alcoholism treatment. To whether major threats the internal validity of independent (treatment) variable could be ruled out, we investigated several aspects treatment integrity and discriminability. In this study, 1,726 alcohol-dependent participants at 10 sites were randomized 3 treatments: cognitive-behavioral (CBT), motivational...

Objective: In Project MATCH a summary measure of network support for drinking identified matching and prognostic effects. The goals the present analyses were (1) to determine which 11 component indexes are most predictive treatment outcome regardless type (2) influential in already demonstrated by interaction effect. Method: This is secondary data analysis outpatient arm (N = 952), focusing primarily on Important People Activities instrument administered pretreatment. Results: Patients with...

To increase understanding of the interrelationship between a patient's social network and patient drinking, Important People Activities (IPA) instrument was developed. meet aims COMBINE (Combining Medications Behavioral Interventions) Study, IPA modified to create Inventory (IPI), which used measure contextual influence on outcomes treatment effects. The present article were describe IPI its differences from test relationship support as measured by in predicting drinking during following...

Patients were randomly assigned to 1 of 3 treatments: brief broad-spectrum (BBS), extended relationship enhancement (ERE), or cognitive-behavioral (ECB). A hierarchical latent growth model was used analyze the data 188 patients (82%) followed for 18 months. ERE treatment significantly more effective in increasing abstinence entering with a network unsupportive low level investment their network, whereas BBS either (a) both social and (b) high supportive abstinence. ECB outcomes neither as...

Objectives: Despite research showing the impact of threat COVID-19 on mental health, scholars have failed to examine relationship between perceived disaster and anxiety. Factors that buffer positive (e.g., optimism emergency preparedness self-efficacy or EPSE) are also understudied. Thus, we examined disasters COVID-19-related anxiety, as well potential moderating factors this relationship, including EPSE. Participants methods: were a representative sample U.S. college students (N = 392)...

The authors administered an abbreviated revision of a previously field-tested, self-administered, brief screening test (the 30-item Drug and Alcohol Problem Quick Screen) to 355 consecutive middle-class adolescent patients seen at five-pediatrician group practice setting. Ninety-six percent (341) the subjects completed questionnaire. Eighty-nine 341 responders wrote in their names space provided for that purpose. Fifty-two (approximately 15%) responded "yes" six or more items current study....

This study analyzes hotel guest satisfaction using an electronic feedback system based on web and Internet technologies. Data collected from a sample of 1,218 guests who stayed at two midprice full-service hotels in Orlando, Florida during 1-year period was used for this study. Structural equation modeling employed to identify the underlying relationship between evaluation facilities staff service one hand, perceived value, satisfaction, intent revisit recommend other. The results show...

This research tested the thesis that adolescent problem drinking may be manifest in any of four independent domains (measured by 24-item screening instrument, Adolescent Drinking Inventory: and You): drinking-related loss control, social indicators, psychological physical indicators. Clinical assessments 264 adolescents referred for revealed more than half variation clinical assessment severity was captured these two (loss control indicators) made an contribution to

Brief motivational interventions (BMIs) are usually effective for reducing alcohol use and consequences in primary care settings. We examined readiness to change drinking as a mediator of the effects BMI on alcohol-related consequences. Participants were randomized into three conditions: (a) standard plus assessment (SC), (b) SC (BI), (c) BI booster session (BIB). At 12-month follow-up BIB patients had significantly reduced more than patients. Patients receiving or maintained higher scores 3...

This study compared inpatient, intensive outpatient, and standard outpatient treatment settings for persons with alcoholism tested a priori hypotheses about the interaction of setting client alcohol involvement social network support drinking. Participants (N = 192) were assigned randomly in cohorts to 1 3 settings. The did not differ posttreatment primary drinking outcomes, although inpatients had significantly fewer jail residential days combined than outpatients. Clients high benefited...

Objective: The American Society of Addiction Medicine (ASAM) criteria were developed as guidelines for the placement substance abuse patients in appropriate levels care. Although ASAM are widely used, little is known about their validity. In this study, we evaluated predictive validity psychosocial dimensions inpatient versus intensive outpatient rehabilitation. Method: first operationalized with instruments proven reliability and then used to determine whether cocaine (n = 159) alcohol 133)...

Researchers and practitioners have devoted little attention to the impact of different sources leadership support on follower outcomes. The present study is first examine relationship between two levels support—immediate supervisors senior management—on motivation intent stay. Although positively related, from each level exerted an independent, positive influence stay, with management showing greater impact. These findings emerged for employees in low- high-status positions; however, had...

Purpose Resilience while learning is the capacity to initiate, persist and direct effort toward when experiencing unpleasant affective states. The underlying mechanisms of resilience are emotional buffering self-regulation authors identified four factors that support learning: positive engagement, creative problem-solving, identity social support. developed tested scales found evidence four-factor model resilience. offer a person-centered approach in by conducting latent profile analysis...

Project MATCH (Matching Alcoholism Treatments to Client Heterogeneity) is a multisite collaborative project designed evaluate patient-treatment interactions in alcoholism treatment. To whether major threats the internal validity of independent (treatment) variable could be ruled out, we investigated several aspects treatment integrity and discriminability. In this study, 1,726 alcohol-dependent participants at 10 sites were randomized 3 treatments: cognitive-behavioral (CBT), motivational...

The authors sought to determine the characteristics of individuals enrolled in adult day care who are most likely enter a nursing home. status 201 participants was assessed at baseline and least 3 years after evaluation. Risk factors for home entry were identified on basis staff family caregiver reports, participant testing, chart review, physician evaluations. Cox regression analyses data such as medical diagnoses, affect, demographic information used identify risk institutionalization....