A5042338473- Diabetes Management and Research
- Pancreatic function and diabetes
- Diabetes and associated disorders
- Diabetes Treatment and Management
- Diet and metabolism studies
- Hyperglycemia and glycemic control in critically ill and hospitalized patients
- Telemedicine and Telehealth Implementation
- Diabetes Management and Education
- Retinal Imaging and Analysis
- Bariatric Surgery and Outcomes
- Advanced Neuroimaging Techniques and Applications
- Pluripotent Stem Cells Research
- Metabolism, Diabetes, and Cancer
- Cannabis and Cannabinoid Research
- Retinal Diseases and Treatments
- Advanced MRI Techniques and Applications
- Genetics and Neurodevelopmental Disorders
- Renal and related cancers
- Neurological and metabolic disorders
- Dementia and Cognitive Impairment Research
- Bone health and treatments
- Adenosine and Purinergic Signaling
- MRI in cancer diagnosis
- Aldose Reductase and Taurine
- Connective tissue disorders research
University of California, San Diego
2005-2024
University of California, Los Angeles
2015-2024
University of California, Davis
2024
University of California, San Francisco
2024
UC San Diego Health System
2024
Columbia University
2008-2020
New York Proton Center
2012
Columbia University Irving Medical Center
2007-2008
VA San Diego Healthcare System
2005
Wolfram syndrome is an autosomal recessive disorder caused by mutations in WFS1 and characterized insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus, optic atrophy, deafness. To investigate the cause of β-cell failure, we used induced pluripotent stem cells to create insulin-producing from individuals with syndrome. WFS1-deficient β-cells showed increased levels endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress molecules decreased insulin content. Upon exposure experimental ER stress, impaired processing failed increase...
The hypothalamus is the central regulator of systemic energy homeostasis, and its dysfunction can result in extreme body weight alterations. Insights into complex cellular physiology this region are critical to understanding obesity pathogenesis; however, human hypothalamic cells largely inaccessible for direct study. Here, we developed a protocol efficient generation neurons from embryonic stem (ESCs) induced pluripotent (iPSCs) obtained patients with monogenetic forms obesity. Combined...
Type 2 vesicular monoamine transporter (VMAT2), found in the brain, is also expressed by β-cells of pancreas association with insulin. Preclinical experiments suggested that <sup>11</sup>C-dihydrotetrabenazine PET–measured VMAT2 binding might serve as a biomarker β-cell mass. We evaluated feasibility PET quantification pancreatic healthy subjects and patients long-standing type 1 diabetes. <b>Methods:</b><sup>11</sup>C-Dihydrotetrabenazine was performed on 6 9 controls. potential...
Diabetes is a disorder characterized by loss of β cell mass and/or function, leading to deficiency insulin relative metabolic need. To determine whether stem cell-derived cells recapitulate molecular-physiological phenotypes diabetic subject, we generated induced pluripotent (iPSCs) from subjects with maturity-onset diabetes the young type 2 (MODY2), which heterozygous function gene encoding glucokinase (GCK). These differentiated into efficiency comparable that controls and expressed...
We describe a negative feedback autocrine regulatory circuit for glucose-stimulated insulin secretion in purified human islets vitro. Using chronoamperometry and vitro measurements, evidence is provided that dopamine (DA), which loaded into insulin-containing secretory granules by vesicular monoamine transporter type 2 β-cells, released response to glucose stimulation. DA then acts as regulator of via its action on D2R, are also expressed β-cells. found antagonism receptors participating...
Abstract Patients with Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) show cognitive and mood impairment, indicating potential for brain injury in regions that control these functions. However, tissue integrity cognition, anxiety, depression regulatory sites, their associations functional deficits T2DM subjects remain unclear. We examined gray matter (GM) changes 34 88 using high-resolution T1-weighted images, collected from a 3.0-Tesla magnetic resonance imaging scanner, assessed anxiety [Beck Anxiety...
Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) patients show brain tissue changes in mood and cognitive regulatory sites, but the nature extent of injury their associations with symptoms are unclear. Our aim was to examine damage T2DM over controls using mean diffusivity (MD) computed from diffusion tensor imaging (DTI), assess correlations T2DM. We collected DTI series (MRI), mood, data, 169 subjects (68 101 controls). Whole-brain MD-maps were calculated, normalized, smoothed, compared between groups, as...
Although patients with end-stage organ failure are at high risk for vitamin D deficiency because of limited sunlight exposure and hepatic dysfunction, few studies have measured 25-hydroxy (25OHD) the time transplantation.We serum 25OHD immediately after transplantation in 69 heart liver transplant recipients.Forty-six 23 recipients were evaluated (mean age 53 yr). Mean was well below lower limit normal range (43.2 +/- 21.2 nmol/L). Ninety-one percent had levels 75 nmol/L, threshold commonly...
The common pathology underlying both type 1 and 2 diabetes (T1DM T2DM) is insufficient β‐cell mass (BCM) to meet metabolic demands. An important impediment the more rapid evaluation of interventions for T1DM T2DM lack biomarkers pancreatic BCM. A reliable means monitoring and/or function β‐cells would enable progression as well pharmacologic other interventions. Recently, we identified a biomarker BCM that quantifiable by positron emission tomography (PET). PET an imaging technique which...
Aims: Osteoporosis is uncommon in premenopausal women, and most cases have a secondary cause. Women with osteoporosis no known cause are said to idiopathic (IOP). We aimed estimate the proportion of women seen our referral center IOP as opposed osteoporosis, describe their clinical characteristics, compare low-trauma fracture history those low bone mineral density (BMD) alone, frequency bisphosphonate use. Methods: reviewed medical records from all evaluated for or BMD during 2005. included...
The vesicular monoamine transporter, type 2 (VMAT2) is expressed by insulin producing β cells and was evaluated as a biomarker of cell mass (BCM) positron emission tomography (PET) with [(18)F]fluoropropyl-dihydrotetrabenazine ([(18)F]FP-(+)-DTBZ).We the feasibility longitudinal pancreatic PET VMAT2 quantification in pancreas two studies healthy controls patients 1 or diabetes. binding potential (BPND) estimated voxelwise using reference tissue method cross-sectional study, followed...
Obesity is an epidemic in the United States with serious concomitant co-morbid conditions; people living type 1 diabetes mellitus (T1D) are not immune to risk either. Weight gain T1D likely multifactorial, due genetic, environmental and treatment-related factors. FDA-approved other adjunctive weight loss therapies may benefit but there risks consider when providing recommendations or prescribing medications.
Abstract Despite different embryological origins, islet β-cells and neurons share the expression of many genes display multiple functional similarities. One shared gene product, vesicular monoamine transporter type 2 (VMAT2, also known as SLC18A2), is highly expressed in human relative to other cells endocrine exocrine pancreas. Recent reports suggest that dopamine an important paracrine and/or autocrine regulator insulin release by β-cells. Given role VMAT2 economy monoamines such dopamine,...
The vesicular monoamine transporter, type 2 (VMAT2) is responsible for sequestering neurotransmitters into exocytic vesicles in neurons, enterochromaffin-like cells of the stomach and arising from common myeloid progenitor. VMAT2 also present pancreas expressed by insulin producing β cells, but not glucagon or somatostatin expressing islet cells. Positron emission tomography (PET) targeting currently being evaluated as a non-invasive tool to measure cell mass (BCM) living humans. In recent...
An 84-year-old woman with metastatic squamous cell carcinoma of the nasopharynx and no history diabetes was started on antiprogrammed death ligand-1 (anti-PD-L1) antibody durvalumab. Four months later, she presented in diabetic ketoacidosis glucose 488 mg/dL, anion gap 16, positive serum ketones A 1C 9.1%. Antiglutamic acid decarboxylase 65 (GAD) 13 U/mL (normal, <0.5 U/mL), c-peptide 0.4 ng/dL 1.1–4.3 ng/mL) 142 mg/dL. man papillary urothelial treated PD-L1 inhibitor atezolizumab. He had...
This study examined brain tissue integrity in sites that controls cognition (prefrontal cortices; PFC) and its relationships to glycemic outcomes adults with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM).
Aim:To describe barriers to implementation of diabetic retinopathy (DR) teleretinal screening programs and artificial intelligence (AI) integration at the University California (UC). Methods:Institutional representatives from UC Los Angeles, San Diego, Francisco, Irvine, Davis were surveyed for year their program's initiation, active status time survey (December 2021), number primary care clinics involved, image quality, types eye providers, interpretation turnaround time, billing codes...
Abstract Calcium sulfate beads are used to fill bone voids in loss and nonunion, as well the management of joint infections.1 Specifically, Stimulan® is an absorbed form antibiotic-loaded calcium which delivers high local antibiotic concentrations for treatment infection, but has also been associated with hypercalcemia 5.4% cases.1 Despite significant morbidity hypercalcemia, there little published literature describing this important complication. In our institution, five patients...