A5065986667- Animal Ecology and Behavior Studies
- Wildlife Ecology and Conservation
- Insect and Pesticide Research
- Yersinia bacterium, plague, ectoparasites research
- Economic and Environmental Valuation
- Mollusks and Parasites Studies
- Plant and animal studies
- Poxvirus research and outbreaks
- Species Distribution and Climate Change
- Rabies epidemiology and control
- Bat Biology and Ecology Studies
- Forensic Entomology and Diptera Studies
- Ecology and Vegetation Dynamics Studies
- Forest Insect Ecology and Management
- Pesticide Residue Analysis and Safety
- Avian ecology and behavior
- Spatial and Panel Data Analysis
- Remote Sensing and LiDAR Applications
- Medical and Biological Ozone Research
- Insect-Plant Interactions and Control
- Helminth infection and control
- Animal Behavior and Reproduction
- Statistical Methods and Bayesian Inference
- Soil Geostatistics and Mapping
- Sugarcane Cultivation and Processing
Animal and Plant Health Inspection Service
2004-2024
National Wildlife Research Center
2005-2023
United States Department of Agriculture
1995-2010
Life Services (United States)
1999
University of Nebraska–Lincoln
1999
The black rat, roof or ship rat (Rattus rattus L.) is among the most widespread invasive vertebrates on islands and continents, it nearly ubiquitous Pacific from equatorial tropics to approximately 55 degrees latitude north south. It survives well in human-dominated environments, natural areas, where humans are not present. Rattus typically common rodent insular forests. Few more problematic island biota human livelihoods than R. rattus; known damage crops stored foods, kill native species,...
We conducted an extensive simulation study to compare the performance of a large group plotless density estimators (PDEs) obtain clarification their relative in diversity sampling situations. The PDEs studied included well—known ones from literature plus some extensions and modifications introduced here. simulations cover 96 combinations 6 spatial patterns, 4 sample sizes, population densities. made comparisons within classes similar estimators, we indicate best—performing out complete set...
Plotless density estimators are those that based on distance measures rather than counts per unit area (quadrats or plots) to estimate the of some usually stationary event, e.g. burrow openings, damage plant stems, etc. These typically use between events and from random points derive an density. The error bias these for various spatial patterns found in nature have been examined using simulated populations only. In this study we investigated eight plotless determine which were robust across...
Abstract Three probabilistic models were developed for characterizing the risk of mortality and subacute coagulopathy to Poouli, an endangered nontarget avian species, in broadcast diphacinone‐baited areas on Hawaii, USA. For single‐day exposure, Poouli approaches 0. 5‐d mean probability increased 3% adult 8% juvenile populations. that consume snails containing diphacinone residues 14 d, model predicted levels 0.42 11% populations, respectively. Worst‐case deterministic characterizations...
A s ~~~c ~. -B r o w n tree snakes (Boiga irregularis, BTS), inadvertently introduced to the island of Guam shortly after World War XI, have had catastrophic effects on native fauna this U.S. territory.We used radio-telemetry monitor daytime refugia and nightly movements 60 BTS (30 during each two seasonal periods) determine extent nightly, weekly, monthly movements.Eighty-three percent subadult sightings were in trees, compared only 49% adutt sightings.Most measures movement did not vary...
An extensive simulation study was conducted to optimize the number, r, of population members be encountered from each random starting point in variable area transect (VAT) sampling. The quality estimation provided by original calculation formula presented K. R. Parker 1979 compared another that a Morisita analog intended reduce bias when sampling aggregated populations. Monte Carlo simulations covered 64 combinations four spatial patterns, sample sizes, and densities. Values r 3 through 10...
Nous avons determine l'activite et le deplacement de Rattus rattus dans un verger macademia (Macadamia integrifolia) a partir 3 006 points radio-pistage, 54 individus, pendant une periode trois cycles recolte. La plupart des rats restaient terriers jour, sortaient 1-2 heures apres coucher soleil, montaient feuillage, retournaient leurs avant l'aube. Le domaine vital calcule par la methode du polygone convexe minimal etait, en moyenne, 0,20 ha (SE = 0,18) ne variait pas entre les sexes (P...
Abstract Ordered distance sampling is a point‐to‐object method that can be labor‐efficient for demanding field situations. An extensive simulation study was conducted to find the optimum number, g , of population members encountered from each random starting point in ordered sampling. Monte Carlo simulations covered 64 combinations four spatial patterns, densities and sample sizes. Values 1 10 were considered case. Relative root mean squared error (RRMSE) relative bias calculated level with...
Angiostrongylus cantonensis is a pathogenic nematode and the cause of neuroangiostrongyliasis, an eosinophilic meningitis more commonly known as rat lungworm disease. Transmission thought to be primarily due ingestion infective third stage larvae (L3) in gastropods, on produce, or contaminated water. The gold standard determine effects physical chemical treatments infectivity A. L3 infect rodents with treated monitor for infection, but animal studies are laborious expensive also raise...
Sugarcane growers in Hawaii suffer crop damage and sugar losses to rats (Rattus spp.). We conducted tests evaluate commercial zinc phosphide baits for reducing rat populations Hawaiian sugarcane fields. During laboratory bioassays, mortality of black (R. rattus) Polynesian exulans) was higher (P 0.05) the number captured Prebaiting with nontoxic grain according manufacturers' instructions enhanced 0.05). However, substantial numbers remained all fields, regardless rodenticide or whether...
Oral rabies vaccination is the principal strategy used to control in wildlife. No oral vaccine licensed for small Indian mongooses (Herpestes auropunctatus). The Ontario Rabies Vaccine Bait (ONRAB) a human adenovirus type-5 glycoprotein recombinant striped skunks (Mephitis mephitis) Canada and under experimental evaluation US. We evaluated varying doses of ONRAB by direct instillation into cavity with three groups 10 mongooses: Group 1 received 109.5 TCID50, group 2 108.8 3 108.5 TCID50...
Design of selective bait stations to deliver rodenticide is often proposed for management non-target animal access, but much the information on behavioural and physical capabilities rodents relative station access has not been readily available or based unpublished, informal observations anecdotes repeated many years. We studied climbing jumping abilities Polynesian Rats (Rattus exulans), Norway (R. norvegicus), Roof rattus), House Mice (Mus musculus), focused applications eradication these...
Rat lungworm (Angiostrongylus cantonensis) is a neurotropic nematode, and the leading cause of eosinophilic meningitis worldwide. The parasite usually contracted through ingestion infected gastropods, often hidden in raw or partially cooked produce. Pharmaceutical grade pyrantel pamoate was evaluated as post-exposure prophylactic against A. cantonensis. Pyrantel readily available over-the-counter most pharmacies USA possesses anthelmintic activity exclusive to gastrointestinal tract (GIT)....
The small Indian mongoose (Herpestes auropunctatus) is a reservoir of rabies virus (RABV) in Puerto Rico and comprises over 70% animal cases reported annually. control RABV circulation wildlife reservoirs typically accomplished by strategy oral vaccination (ORV). Currently no ORV program exists Rico. Research into vaccines various bait types for mongooses has been conducted with promising results. Monitoring the success relies on estimating uptake target species, which involves evaluating...
A better understanding of factors that influence the distribution and abundance 3 species rats occur in Hawaii cause extensive damage to sugarcane fields should lead more effective control strategies, such as species-specific use rodenticides or habitat management reduces pest populations. Thus, we estimated relative abundances at 4 Hawaiian plantations historically have received high levels rodent damage, quantified various environmental might these rodents. Overall, captured 526 Norway...