Growth inhibition in acid soils due to Al stress affects crop production worldwide. To understand mechanisms sensitive crops that are affected by stress, a proteomic analysis of primary tomato root tissue, grown Al-amended and non-amended liquid cultures, was performed. DIGE-SDS-MALDI-TOF-TOF these tissues resulted the identification 49 proteins were differentially accumulated. Dehydroascorbate reductase, glutathione catalase enzymes associated with antioxidant activities induced Al-treated...

Blanching plays important roles in shaping the volatile profile of asparagus tea. In this study, flavor blanched and unblanched teas were studied detail by electronic nose (E-nose), tongue (E-tongue) gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS) coupled with chemometrics methods. Sensory evaluation showed that tea, sweet aroma was significant improved, whereas grassy harsh smell declined. Linear discriminant analysis (LDA) E-nose data a clear discrimination between samples. Volatile...

Asparagus tea enhances the taste and flavor of processed foods when used as an ingredient during preparation. In this study, asparagus ultra-micro powder was incorporated into wheat flour mixing process before noodle formation at levels 5 %, 10 % 20 %. Flavor analysis using electric nose (E-nose) gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS) revealed clear distinctions among 100 noodle, green noodles (GATUPNs) white (WATUPNs). Based on principal component (PCA) volatiles GC-MS, with a...

Background: Tomatoes are self-pollinating plants, and successful fruit set depends on the production of functional pollen within same flower. Our previous studies have shown that ‘Black Vernissage’ tomato variety exhibits greater resilience to heat stress in terms productivity compared ‘Micro-Tom’ variety. Pollen is determined by meiotic activity during microsporogenesis development free microspores gametogenesis. This study focused identifying (HS)-induced proteomes mother cells (PMCs)...

Climate changes, including chronic changes in precipitation amounts, will influence plant physiology and growth. However, such effects on switchgrass, a major bioenergy crop, have not been well investigated. We conducted two-year simulation experiment using large pots (95 L) an environmentally controlled greenhouse Nashville, TN. Five treatments (ambient precipitation, -50%, -33%, +33%, +50% of ambient) were applied randomized complete block design with lowland "Alamo" switchgrass plants one...

This study aimed to identify the aluminum (Al)-induced proteomes in tomato (Solanum lycopersicum, "Micro-Tom") after long-term exposure stress factor. Plants were treated Magnavaca's solution (pH 4.5) supplemented with 7.5 μM Al(3+) ion activity over a 4 month period beginning at emergence of flower buds and ending when lower mature leaves started turn yellow. Proteomes identified using 8-plex isobaric tags for relative absolute quantification (iTRAQ) labeling strategy followed by...

This article reports salt-induced changes in leaf and root proteomes after wild tomato ( Solanum chilense ) plants were treated with 200 m NaCl. In tissues, a total of 176 protein spots showed significant P < 0.05), which 104 induced 72 suppressed. Salt-induced proteins are associated the following pathways: photosynthesis, carbohydrate metabolism, glyoxylate shunt, glycine cleavage system, branched-chain amino acid biosynthesis, folding, defense cellular protection, signal transduction,...

Single-cell-type proteomics provides the capability to revealing genomic and information at cell-level resolution. However, methodology for this type of research has not been well-developed. This paper reports developing a workflow laser capture microdissection (LCM) followed by gel-liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (GeLC-MS/MS)-based analysis identification proteomes contained in individual cell layers tomato roots. Thin-sections (~10-μm thick, 10 sections per root tip) were...

PpCAD2 was originally isolated from the ‘Wangkumbae’ pear (Pyrus pyrifolia Nakai), and it encodes for cinnamyl alcohol dehydrogenase (CAD), which is a key enzyme in lignin biosynthesis pathway. In order to verify function of PpCAD2, transgenic tomato (Solanum lycopersicum) ‘Micro-Tom’ plants were generated using over-expression constructs via agrobacterium-mediated transformation method. The results showed that plant had strong growth vigor. Furthermore, these contained higher content CAD...

A comparative proteomics study using isobaric tags for relative and absolute quantitation (iTRAQ) was performed on a mesophytic tomato ( Solanum lycopersicum ) cultivar dehydration-resistant wild species chilense to identify proteins that play key roles in tolerance water deficit stress. In ‘Walter’ LA3465, 130 were identified, of which 104 (80%) repressed 26 (20%) induced. S. LA1958, total 170 identified with 106 (62%) 64 (38%) According their putative molecular functions, the...

The acute toxicity of ammonia to barramundi Lates calcarifer larvae (15 days post-hatching, DPH) was studied with a semi-static bioassay method understand the physical response fish stress. In this study, 15 and 20 mg/L were tested, 0 (control) used as control. activity antioxidant enzymes including superoxide dismutase (SOD), peroxidase (POD), catalase (CAT), acid phosphatase (ACP), glutathione (GSH-Px), digestive lipase (LPS), amylase (AMS), trypsin (TRYP) biochemical indicators. With...

Large-scale gene expression affected by salt stress was analyzed with tomato seedlings ( Lycoperson  esculentum Mill cv. Money Maker) a cDNA microarray (Tom1). The significantly differentially expressed genes (5% Benjamini-Hochberg false discovery rate) consisted of 1757 sequences in the analyzed tissues (cotyledons + shoot tip). Genes over 2 fold difference were selected from the list and further categorized into different function and cellular processes. Tomato homologous for the chaperone...

Aluminum (Al) toxicity is a major constraint to plant growth and crop yield in acid soils. Tomato cultivars are especially susceptible excessive Al3+ accumulated the root zone. In this study, tomato plants were grown hydroponic culture system supplemented with 50 µM AlK(SO₄)₂. Seeds harvested from Al-treated contained significantly higher Al content than those control solution. these Al-enriched seeds (harvested plants) germinated AlK(SO₄)₂ solution homopiperazine-1,4-bis(2-ethanesulfonic...

A disorder in pears that is known as 'hard-end' fruit affects the appearance, edible quality, and market value of pear fruit. RNA-Seq was carried out on calyx end 'Whangkeumbae' with without hard-end symptom to explore mechanism underlying formation hard-end. The results indicated genes phenylpropanoid pathway affecting lignification were up-regulated An analysis differentially expressed (DEGs) identified three NAC transcription factors, RT-qPCR PpNAC138, PpNAC186, PpNAC187 confirmed gene...

Switchgrass (Panicum virgatum) is a perennial crop producing deep roots and thus highly tolerant to soil water deficit conditions. However, seedling establishment in the field very susceptible prolonged periodic drought stress. In this study, "sandwich" system simulating gradual deletion process was developed. seedlings were subjected 20-day treatment when tension increased 0.05 MPa (moderate stress) leaf physiological properties had expressed significant alteration. Drought-induced changes...

Tomato ( Solanum lycopersicum cv. Money Maker) seedlings at the two-leaf stage were grown in one-half strength Hoagland solution supplemented with 50 m NaCl for 4 days, 100 150 and a final concentration 200 2 days. Solutions refreshed every days treated untreated seedlings. Non-treated plants nonamended solution. Three biological replicates (BR) included control experiments. At end of treatments, uppermost three newly expanded leaves from all 12 each BR collected bulked to extract total...

2,3-Butanediol (2,3-BD) is an important platform chemical that can be produced biologically. It currently fermented below 40 °C using mesophilic strains at acid to neutral pH conditions, but the processes often suffer bacterial contamination. Here we reported a new nonpathogenic strain Bacillus licheniformis YNP5-TSU isolated from Yellowstone National Park, which produces 2,3-BD with high yield and productivity thermophilic alkaline conditions. B. has ability survive in ranges 8.0 10.0...

Aluminum (Al) toxicity primarily targets the root tips, inhibiting growth and function leading to crop yield losses on acidic soils. Previously we reported using laser capture microdissection (LCM) proteomics identify Al-induced proteins in outer layer cells transitional zone of tomato root-tips. This study aims further characterize proteomic dynamics from interior tissues, thus providing a panoramic view reflecting Al resistance tip as whole tomatoes. Three types were isolated via LCM basal...

Abstract Background Goat rumen microbial communities are perceived as one of the most potential biochemical reservoirs multi-functional enzymes, which applicable to enhance wide array bioprocesses such hydrolysis cellulose and hemi-cellulose into fermentable sugar for biofuel other value-added production. Even though, limited understanding genetic diversity absence effective screening culture methods have impeded full utilization these enzymes. In this study, we applied independent...