A5041789762- Ichthyology and Marine Biology
- Plant Pathogens and Fungal Diseases
- Plant-Microbe Interactions and Immunity
- Plant pathogens and resistance mechanisms
- Fish Ecology and Management Studies
- Marine and fisheries research
- Marine animal studies overview
- Plant Reproductive Biology
- Polysaccharides and Plant Cell Walls
- Plant Parasitism and Resistance
- Mycorrhizal Fungi and Plant Interactions
- Plant Pathogens and Resistance
- Digestive system and related health
- Legume Nitrogen Fixing Symbiosis
- Amino Acid Enzymes and Metabolism
- Paleontology and Evolutionary Biology
- Marine and coastal plant biology
- Proteins in Food Systems
- Turtle Biology and Conservation
- Cancer Research and Treatments
- Reproductive biology and impacts on aquatic species
- Photoreceptor and optogenetics research
- Bone Metabolism and Diseases
- Cephalopods and Marine Biology
- Infectious Diseases and Mycology
City of Knowledge
2024
Charles Darwin Foundation
2013-2024
Marine Biological Association of the United Kingdom
2024
University of California, Los Angeles
2022
University of Birmingham
1994-2007
Novartis (Switzerland)
2002
University Children’s Hospital Bern
1977-1980
Boston Children's Hospital
1980
Knowledge of the three-dimensional movement patterns elasmobranchs is vital to understand their ecological roles and exposure anthropogenic pressures. To date, comparative studies among species at global scales have mostly focused on horizontal movements. Our study addresses knowledge gap vertical movements by compiling first synthesis habitat use from data obtained deployment 989 biotelemetry tags 38 elasmobranch species. Elasmobranchs displayed high intra- interspecific variability in...
Summary Biotrophic plant pathogenic fungi are one of the major causes crop losses. The infection processes they exhibit typified by infected host cells remaining alive for several days. This requires development specialized structures such as haustoria which produced obligate biotrophs, and intracellular hyphae many hemibiotrophs. These surrounded plasma membrane, in case extrahaustorial membrane differs biochemically structurally from normal membrane. An interfacial matrix separates...
Significance Global vessel traffic is increasing alongside world economic growth. The potential for rising lethal ship strikes on endangered species of marine megafauna, such as the plankton-feeding whale shark, remains poorly understood since areas highest overlap are seldom determined across an entire range. Here we show how satellite tracking sharks and large movements globally provides a means to localize high-overlap determine collision risk changes in time. Our results point high...
The life history of the whale shark (Rhincodon typus), including its reproductive ecology, still remains largely unknown. Here, we present results from first population study around Darwin Island, Galapagos Marine Reserve. Following a diversified approach characterized seasonal occurrence, structure and size, described habitat use sharks based on fine scale movements island. Whale presence at Island was negatively correlated with Sea Surface Temperature (SST), highest abundance corresponding...
The expansion of the world's merchant fleet poses a great threat to ocean's biodiversity. Collisions between ships and marine megafauna can have population-level consequences for vulnerable species. Endangered whale shark (Rhincodon typus), shares circumglobal distribution with this expanding tracking movement pathways has shown that large vessel collisions pose major However, it is not yet known whether they are also at risk within aggregation sites, where up 400 individuals gather feed on...
Abstract Climate change is shifting animal distributions. However, the extent to which future global habitats of threatened marine megafauna will overlap existing human threats remains unresolved. Here we use climate models and habitat suitability estimated from long-term satellite-tracking data world’s largest fish, whale shark, show that redistributions present-day are projected increase species’ co-occurrence with shipping. Our model projects core area losses >50% within some national...
Attachment of towed, floating satellite tags to large marine organisms has provided scientists with a wealth information on the movements these species. These generally are not programmed detach at particular time, yet often prone detachment by natural means after only few days or weeks. It is important be able distinguish between tracks detached, tag, and one that attached subject. To this end, we placed three SPOT-5 SPLASH tag female whale sharks Darwin Island (Galapagos Islands), compared...
Summary The monoclonal antibody, UB25, recognises a glycoprotein specifically located at the biotrophic interface formed in Colletotrichum lindemuthianum– bean interaction. antibody labels walls of intracellular hyphae and interfacial matrix which separates them from invaginated host plasma membrane. In Western blots, UB25 ladder bands are multiples M r 40.5 kDa. A full length cDNA encoding recognised by has been isolated expression cloning designated CIH1 ( I ntracellular H ypha 1). vitro...
SUMMARY Monoclonal antibodies (MAbs) specific for intracellular hyphae (IH, i.e. infection vesicles and primary hyphae). Appressoria/germ tubes conidia of Colletotrichum lindemuthianum (Sace, & Magn.) Briosi Cav. isolated from infected leaves Phaseolus vulgoria L. were obtained using a co‐immunization procedure. One the MAhs; UB25, bound specifically to IH in immunofluorescence immunogold Western blot assays: it showed no affinity conidia, conidial germ tubes, appressoria or appressorial...
Satellite tracking of 27 whale sharks in the eastern tropical Pacific, examined relation to environmental data, indicates preferential occupancy thermo-biological frontal systems. In these systems, thermal gradients are caused by wind-forced circulation and mixing, biological associated nutrient enrichment enhanced primary productivity. Two systems result from upwelling, driven divergence current along equator west coast South America; third results wind jet dynamics off Central America. All...
Conidia (spores) of Colletotrichum lindemuthianum, a fungal plant pathogen causing bean anthracnose, adhere to the aerial parts host plants initiate infection process. These spores possess fibrillar' spore coat' as well cell wall. In previous study mAb, UB20, was raised that recognized glycoproteins on surface. this UB20 used localize and characterize these investigate their possible role in adhesion. Glycoproteins by were concentrated outer surface coat and, lesser extent, at plasma...
SUMMARY A method is described for isolating intracellular hyphae (IH, i.e. infection vesicles and primary hyphae) of Colletotrichum lindemuthianum (Sacc. & Magn.) Briosi Cav. from infected leaves‐of bean ( Phaseolus vulgaris L.). 1H were recovered homogenates leaves after filtration through a 45 μm nylon mesh isopyenic centrifugation on Percoll. then affinity‐purified by immunomagnetic separation using Dynabeads coated with monoclonal antibody UB25, specific IH surface glycoproteins. The...
ABSTRACT During encystment the motile zoospores of plant pathogen Pythium aphanidermatum secrete an adhesive cell coat that is involved in their attachment to roots. Previous ultrastructural studies have indicated material pre-packaged within large peripheral vesicles underlying zoospore plasma membrane. In present study, four monoclonal antibodies (MAbs) designated PAЗ-6, which were raised against and cysts P. aphanidermatum, used re-examine formation study its molecular nature. Immunogold...
The world’s largest extant fish, the whale shark Rhincodon typus , is one of most-studied species sharks globally. discovery predictable aggregation sites where these animals gather seasonally or are sighted year-round – most which coastal and juvenile-dominated has allowed for a rapid expansion research on this species. common method studying at photographic identification (photo-ID). This technique allows long-term individual-based data to be collected can, in turn, used evaluate...
Monoclonal antibodies have been used to study the differentiation and development of specialized infection structures formed in Colletotrichum–bean powdery mildew – pea interactions. In Colletotrichum lindemuthianum bean interaction, monoclonal show that extracellular matrices associated with conidia, germ tubes, appressoria differ composition glycoproteins are organized into specific regions fungal cell surface. antibody UB27 has plasma membrane is differentiated distinct domains, integral...
Abstract During the biotrophic phase of infection process hemibiotrophic anthracnose fungus Colletotrichum lindemuthianum, an intracellular hypha develops within epidermal cells its host, Phaseolus vulgaris. This is followed by formation secondary hyphae during necrotrophic phase. Previous work using a monoclonal antibody, UB25, has identified glycoprotein that specific to interfacial matrix forms between wall and invaginated host plasma membrane. The gene encoding protein UB25 was cloned...