HEK293T cells are extensively utilized for therapeutic protein production due to their human origin, which enables accurate post-translational modifications. This study aimed enhance membrane in by knocking out the ATF4 gene using CRISPR-Cas9 technology. The was edited infecting with a lentivirus carrying optimized single-guide RNA (ATF4-KO-3) and Cas9 genes. Comparative evaluations were conducted all-in-one two-vector systems. Genome sequencing productivity of ATF4-knockout (KO) compared...

This study aims to enhance membrane protein production in HEK293T cells through genetic modification. are used for recombinant and viral vector due their human origin post-translational modification capabilities. explores enhancing these by deleting the C-terminal of ATF6B gene using CRISPR-Cas9 technology. The objective this research is investigate effect deletion on To identify effective targets, sgRNAs were initially designed against multiple UPR-related genes, including ATF6A, IRE1A,...

Mitogen-activated protein kinases (MAPKs) are involved in a variety of intracellular events such as gene expression, cell proliferation, and programmed death. MAPKs activated by dual phosphorylation on threonine tyrosine residues through sequential activation kinases. Recent studies have shown that the MAPK signal transductions might be organized into signaling complexes scaffold proteins. These proteins essential regulators function assembling relevant molecular components mammalian cells....

The rhizome of Anemarrhena asphodeloides Bunge (A. asphodeloides) has been used as a traditional East Asian medicine for the treatment various types inflammatory disease. However, to best our knowledge, there have no systemic studies regarding molecular mechanisms action A. anti-inflammatory effects. aim present study was elucidate effects and underlying mechanism ethanol extracts (EAA) in murine macrophages. Non-cytotoxic concentrations EAA (10-100 µg/ml) significantly decreased production...

Myrmecodia platytyrea Becc., a member of the Rubiaceae family, is found throughout Southeast Asia and has been traditionally used to treat cancer. However, there limited pharmacological information on this plant. We investigated anticancer effects methanol extract Becc. leaves (MMPL) determined molecular mechanisms underlying MMPL metastasis in human hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) cells. dose-dependently inhibited cell migration invasion SK‑Hep1 Huh7 In addition, strongly suppressed...

Thunbergia alata (Acanthaceae) has been used traditionally to treat various inflammatory diseases such as fever, cough and diarrhea in East African countries including Uganda Kenya. However, systemic studies elucidating the anti-inflammatory effects precise mechanisms of action T. have not conducted, best our knowledge. To address these concerns, we explored a methanol extract (MTA) macrophages. Non-cytotoxic concentrations MTA (≤300 µg/ml) inhibited nitric oxide (NO) production...

In the early 1990s, 20 haemophiliacs (HPs) were infected with a common source of HIV-1 viruses through contaminated clotting factor IX. The aim this study is to review HPs virus. enrolled patients have been consecutively treated Korean red ginseng (KRG), zidovudine (ZDV) or two-drug therapy and highly active antiretroviral (HAART). We determined full-length pol gene over years human leukocyte antigen (HLA) class I peripheral blood mononuclear cells reviewed medical records. Eighteen...

This study aimed to develop porous microspheres with a suitable structure and mechanical property for cell delivery using comparatively low molecular weight (MW) poly(lactide-co-glycolide) (PLGA) having weak strength fast degradation rate, which could be potentially used treatment of corneal endothelial diseases. Porous 30 kDa PLGA different pore sizes were prepared by varying preparation conditions, the mean diameters approximately 0.5, 1, 2 3 times that single green fluorescent...

Insertion mutations at codon 69 (T69-ins insertion) of the human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) reverse transcriptase confer full resistance to all approved nucleoside inhibitors. To date, nearly reports on T69-ins insertions have described subtypes B and rarely A, C, F HIV-1. Here, we provide first report a insertion in circulating recombinant form (CRF) 06_cpx patient who had been treated with zidovudine/didanosine combination for 18 months then shifted lamivudine, stavudine,...

Spilanthes acmella Murr. (S. acmella) has been used traditionally in India and Sri Lanka to treat various inflammatory diseases. However, the anti‑inflammatory effects underlying mechanism of action S. are unclear. The present study assessed properties methanol extracts (MSA) murine macrophages. MSA (≤300 µg/ml) inhibited nitric oxide (NO) production lipopolysaccharide (LPS)‑stimulated RAW 264.7 macrophages through transcriptional inhibition inducible synthase expression a dose‑dependent...

Other SectionsABSTRACTINTRODUCTIONRESULTSDISCUSSIONMATERIALS AND METHODSACKNOWLEDGEMENTSSupplementary InformationFIGURESREFERENCES

Other SectionsABSTRACTINTRODUCTIONRESULTS AND DISCUSSIONMATERIALS METHODSACKNOWLEDGEMENTSCONFLICTS OF INTERESTSupplementary InformationFIGURESREFERENCES

Other SectionsABSTRACTINTRODUCTIONRESULTSDISCUSSIONMATERIALS AND METHODSSupplemental MaterialsACKNOWLEDGEMENTSCONFLICTS OF INTERESTREFERENCES

The spores of Lygodium japonicum (Thunb.) Sw. (L. japonicum) have been used in traditional Chinese medicine for the treatment various inflammatory diseases. However, molecular mechanisms underlying their anti‑inflammatory effects yet to be elucidated. In present study, we investigated ethanol extracts L. (ELJ) by measuring production mediators, and explored ELJ murine macrophages vitro using immunoblotting analyses. At non‑cytotoxic concentrations (50‑300 µg/ml), was revealed significantly...

When primary cancer faces limited oxygen and nutrient supply, it undergoes an epithelial-mesenchymal transition, which increases cell motility invasiveness. The migratory invasive cells often exert aggressive development or even metastasis. In this study, we investigated a novel compound, 3-acetyl-5,8-dichloro-2-((2,4-dichlorophenyl)amino)quinolin-4(1H)-one (ADQ), that showed significant suppression of wound healing cellular invasion. This compound also inhibited anchorage-independent...

To investigate if Korean red ginseng (KRG) affects vif gene, we determined gene over 20 years in 10 long-term slowly progressing patients (LTSP) who were treated with KRG alone and then plus HAART. We also compared these data those of 21 control did not receive KRG. Control patient group harbored only one premature stop codon (PSC) (0.9%), whereas the LTSP revealed 78 defective genes (18.1%) (P < 0.001). The frequency small in-frame deletions was found to be significantly higher received...

Abstract When primary cancer faces limited oxygen and nutrient supply, it undergoes an epithelial-mesenchymal transition, which increases cell motility invasiveness. The migratory invasive cells often exert aggressive development or even metastasis. In this study, we investigated a novel compound, 3-acetyl-5,8-dichloro-2-((2,4-dichlorophenyl)amino)quinolin-4(1H)-one (ADQ), that showed significant suppression of wound healing cellular invasion. This compound also inhibited...