A5069869080- Gut microbiota and health
- Clostridium difficile and Clostridium perfringens research
- Gastrointestinal motility and disorders
- Helicobacter pylori-related gastroenterology studies
- Drug Solubulity and Delivery Systems
- Inflammatory Bowel Disease
- Probiotics and Fermented Foods
- Innovative Microfluidic and Catalytic Techniques Innovation
- Berberine and alkaloids research
- 3D Printing in Biomedical Research
- Cell Image Analysis Techniques
- Additive Manufacturing and 3D Printing Technologies
- Chemical Synthesis and Analysis
- Antimicrobial Peptides and Activities
- Advanced Drug Delivery Systems
- Pharmacy and Medical Practices
- Mycobacterium research and diagnosis
- Digital Mental Health Interventions
- Biosimilars and Bioanalytical Methods
- Dysphagia Assessment and Management
- Pharmaceutical studies and practices
- Microscopic Colitis
- Artificial Intelligence in Healthcare and Education
- thermodynamics and calorimetric analyses
- Heme Oxygenase-1 and Carbon Monoxide
University College London
2020-2025
Age UK
2024
The last twenty years of seminal microbiome research has uncovered microbiota's intrinsic relationship with human health. Studies elucidating the between an unbalanced and disease are currently published daily. As such, big data have become a reality that provide mine information for development new therapeutics. Machine learning (ML), branch artificial intelligence, offers powerful techniques analysis prediction-making, out reach intellect alone. This review will explore how ML can be...
Following oral administration, the bioavailability of progestogens is very low and highly variable, in part due to metabolism by cytochrome P450 enzymes found mucosa small intestine. Conversely, colon contains much lower levels enzymes, thus, colonic delivery may be beneficial. Microbiota are known metabolize a great number drugs, therefore, it important understand stability these hormones presence flora before developing formulations. The aim this study was investigate three progestogens:...
The oral delivery of peptide therapeutics could facilitate precision treatment numerous gastrointestinal (GI) and systemic diseases with simple administration for patients. However, the vast majority licensed drugs are currently administered parenterally due to prohibitive instability in GI tract. As such, development GI-stable peptides is receiving considerable investment. This study provides researchers first tool predict stability based solely on amino acid sequence. Both unsupervised...
Successful treatment of ulcerative colitis (UC) is highly dependent on several parameters, including dosing regimen and the ability to deliver drugs disease site. In this study two strategies for delivering mesalazine (5-aminosalicylic acid, 5-ASA) colon were compared in an advanced vitro model human gastrointestinal (GI) tract, SHIME® system. Herein, a prodrug strategy employing bacteria-mediated drug release (sulfasalazine, Azulfidine®) was evaluated alongside formulation that utilised pH...
The human gut microbiome, composed of trillions microorganisms, plays an essential role in health. Many factors shape microbiome composition over the life span, including changes to diet, lifestyle, and medication use. Though not routinely tested during drug development, drugs can exert profound effects on potentially altering its functions promoting disease. This study develops a machine learning (ML) model predict whether will impair growth 40 bacterial strains. Trained 18,600...
The production of short chain fatty acids (SCFAs) by the colonic microbiome has numerous benefits for human health, including maintenance epithelial barrier function, suppression colitis, and protection against carcinogenesis. Despite therapeutic potential, there is currently no optimal approach elevating microbiome's synthesis SCFAs. In this study, poly(D,l-lactide-co-glycolide) (PLGA) was investigated application, as it hypothesised that microbiota would metabolise PLGA to its lactate...
It is becoming clear that the human gut microbiome critical to health and well-being, with increasing evidence demonstrating dysbiosis can promote disease. Increasingly, precision probiotics are being investigated as investigational drug products for restoration of healthy balance. To reach distal alive where density microbiota highest, oral should be protected from harsh conditions during transit through stomach small intestines. At present, few probiotic formulations designed this delivery...
Colonic drug delivery offers numerous pharmaceutical opportunities, including direct access to local therapeutic targets and bioavailability benefits arising from the colonic epithelium's reduced abundance of cytochrome P450 enzymes particular efflux transporters. Current workflows for developing systems involve time-consuming, low throughput in vitro vivo screening methods, which hinder identification suitable enabling materials. Polysaccharides are useful materials targeting, as they can...
Over 150 drugs are currently recognised as being susceptible to metabolism or bioaccumulation (together described depletion) by gastrointestinal microorganisms; however, the true number is likely higher. Microbial drug depletion often variable between and within individuals, depending on their unique composition of gut microbiota. Such variability can lead significant differences in pharmacokinetics, which may be associated with dosing difficulties lack medication response. In this study,...
Janus kinase (JAK) inhibitors, such as tofacitinib (Xeljanz) and filgotinib (Jyseleca), have been approved for treatment of ulcerative colitis with several other JAK inhibitors in late-stage clinical trials inflammatory bowel disease (IBD). Despite their impressive efficacy, the risk adverse effects accompanying use has brought entire class under scrutiny, leading to them receiving an FDA black box warning. In this study we investigated whether ileocolonic-targeted delivery a pan-JAK...
5-Aminolevulinic acid (5-ALA) is a naturally occurring nonprotein amino licensed as an optical imaging agent for the treatment of gliomas. In recent years, 5-ALA has been shown to possess anti-inflammatory and immunoregulatory properties through upregulation heme oxygenase-1 via enhancement porphyrin, indicating that it may be beneficial inflammatory conditions. This study systematically examines use in bowel disease (IBD). Firstly, ex vivo colonic stability permeability was assessed using...
The effective treatment of esophageal disease represents a significant unmet clinical need, as existing treatments often lead to unnecessary systemic drug exposure and suboptimal concentrations at the site. Here, surface-modified bioadhesive poly(lactic acid)-hyperbranched polyglycerol nanoparticles (BNPs), with an average 100-200 nm diameter, were developed for local sustained delivery. BNPs showed significantly higher adhesion permeation into ex vivo human rat tissue than non-adhesive...
The gut microbiota is a complex ecosystem, home to hundreds of bacterial species and vast repository enzymes capable metabolising wide range pharmaceuticals. Several drugs have been shown affect negatively the composition function microbial ecosystem. Janus Kinase (JAK) inhibitors Sphingosine-1-phosphate (S1P) receptor modulators are recently approved for inflammatory bowel disease through an immediate release formulation would potentially benefit from colonic targeted delivery enhance local...