Conodonts were an extinct group of marine chordates and a crucial part past ecosystems for approximately 300 million years. They the earliest vertebrates that developed mineralized tissues in form oral apparatus composed conodont elements. Those dental parts currently find utility biostratigraphy, paleoclimatology, evolutionary biology.  Their remains have profoundly influenced disciplines such as stratigraphy, biology. However, understanding paleoecology conodonts their role...

Neisseria gonorrhoeae is the etiological factor of sexually transmitted gonorrhea disease that may lead, under specific conditions, to systemic infections. The gonococcal genome encodes many Restriction Modification (RM) systems, which main biological role defend pathogen from potentially harmful foreign DNA. However, RM systems seem also be involved in several other functions. In this study, we examined effect inactivation N. FA1090 ngo0545 gene encoding M.NgoAX methyltransferase on global...

Abstract Shifts in the magnesium to calcium ratio of seawater geological history are thought have profoundly affected biomineralization marine invertebrates, including some echinoderms, which changed their skeletal mineralogy from high-magnesium low-magnesium calcite and vice versa. Here we report on experiments that aimed investigate effect ambient nanomechanical properties spines two echinoid species ( Arbacia lixula Paracentrotus lividus ). We found echinoids cultured with a low produced...

Bordetella bronchiseptica, an emerging zoonotic pathogen, infects a broad range of mammalian hosts. B. bronchiseptica-associated atrophic rhinitis incurs substantial losses to the pig breeding industry. The true burden human disease caused by bronchiseptica is unknown, but it has been postulated that some hypervirulent isolates may be responsible for undiagnosed respiratory infections in humans. was shown acquire antibiotic resistance genes from other bacterial genera, especially Escherichia...

Owing to their remarkable physical properties, cellular structures, such as triply periodic minimal surfaces (TPMS), have multidisciplinary and multifunctional applications. Although these structures are observed in nature, examples of TPMS with large length scales living organisms exceedingly rare. Recently, microstructure reminiscent the diamond-type was documented skeleton modern knobby starfish Protoreaster nodosus . Here we report a similar microlattice 385 Myr old crinoid Haplocrinites...

Outer membrane vesicles (OMVs) are bilayer structures released by bacteria for various purposes, e.g., response to environmental factors, bacterial communication, and interactions with host cells. One of the variables need react is amount availability iron, a crucial element biology. We have investigated impact iron on OMV secretion pathogenic Neisseria gonorrhoeae, which, depending infection site, challenges different availability. N. gonorrhoeae releases OMVs in starvation repletion growth...

Numerous bacterial pathogens express an ortholog of the enzyme TlyA, which is rRNA 2'-O-methyltransferase associated with resistance to cyclic peptide antibiotics such as capreomycin. Several other virulence traits have also been attributed and these appear be unrelated its methyltransferase activity. The pathogen Campylobacter jejuni possesses TlyA homolog Cj0588, has shown contribute virulence. Here, we investigate mechanism Cj0588 action demonstrate that it a type I 2'-O-methylates 23S...

Neisseriacae do not exhibit Dam methyltransferase activity and, instead of the dam gene, possess drg (dam replacing gene) inserted in leuS/dam locus. The locus Neisseria gonorrhoeae FA1090 has a lower GC-pairs content (40.5%) compared to whole genome N. (52%). gonococcal gene encodes DNA endonuclease Drg, with GmeATC specificity. Disruption or insertion changes level expression genes as shown by transcriptome analysis. For drg-deficient mutant, total 195 (8.94% pool) exhibited an altered wt...

Hydrogen peroxide is a key reagent in many analytical assays. At the same time, it rather unstable and prone to evaporation. For these reasons, its application sensors requiring reagents solid state, for example paper-based microfluidics, hindered. Usually devices are stored dried form within paper matrix until device used. This approach not feasible case of hydrogen peroxide. Here, stabilization on with aid silica xerogel was studied optimized create long-term stable systems which rapidly deliver

Despite the significant technological progress achieved in past decades medical field, device-related infections carry a heavy social and economic burden. Surface modification of equipment is one most interesting approaches employed to improve antibacterial activity material. Herein, we developed process for gold nanoparticle poly(vinyl chloride) laryngeal tube, which typically serves as an airway management device. In our study, focused specifically on increasing antimicrobial properties...

Neisseria gonorrhoeae is an etiological agent of gonorrhea, which remains a global health problem. This bacterium possesses MutL and MutS DNA repair proteins encoded by mutL mutS genes, whose inactivation causes mutator phenotype. We have demonstrated the differential gene expression in N. mutants using microarrays. A subset differentially expressed genes encodes that can influence adhesion biofilm formation. Compared to wild-type strain, formed denser biofilms with increased...

Campylobacter jejuni is a bacterial pathogen that generally acquired as zoonotic infection from poultry and animals. Adhesion of C. to human colorectal epithelial cells weakened after loss its cj0588 gene. The Cj0588 protein belongs the type I group TlyA (TlyAI ) enzymes, which 2'-O-methylate nucleotide C1920 in 23S rRNA. Slightly longer TlyAII versions methyltransferase are found actinobacterial species including Mycobacterium tuberculosis, methylate not only but also C1409 16S Loss...

With the help of factorial design experiments, optimization deposition CuW alloy was successfully done. The important parameters were identified as pH, current density, and—the most one—copper ion concentration. All them examined in their wide ranges. Under optimal conditions, a citrate bath, with copper concentration 1.0 mM, at density −100 mA cm−2 and pH ca. 8.3, layer had highest tungsten content (circa 30 wt.%), satisfactory adhesion smooth crackless morphology. structure...

Nanocomposite multilayered membrane coatings have been widely used experimentally to enhance biomedical materials surfaces. By the selection of reliable components, such systems are functionalized be adjusted specific purposes. As metal nanoparticles can reduce bacterial cell adhesion, idea using gold and silver unique antimicrobial properties within structure is outstandingly interesting considering dressings facilitating wound healing. The study was aimed explore interface between...

The study of the surface membrane coatings constructed with adsorbed coronavirus (COV) was described to test their suitability for antiviral activity application in personal protective and medical equipment. nanocoating based on polyethyleneimine (PEI) or polystyrene sulfonate (PSS) metallic nanoparticles incorporated investigated using AFM technique. Moreover, functioning human lung cells a configuration prepared material studied microscopic techniques flow cytometry. mean values percentage...

The restriction-modification (RM) systems are compared to a primitive, innate, prokaryotic immune system, controlling the invasion by foreign DNA, composed of methyltransferase (MTase) and restriction endonuclease. biological significance RM extends beyond their defensive function, but data on regulatory role Type I MTases limited. We have previously characterized molecularly non-canonical NgoAV, with phase-variable specificity, encoded Neisseria gonorrhoeae FA1090. In current work, we...

An interesting case of a caries-affected area where bacterial remains were plausibly preserved in situ was found an isolated tooth the Plio-Pleistocene dormouse Glis sackdillingensis (Rodentia, Gliridae).The sample is 2.9-2.6 million years old, and may be only described dental pathological condition fossil together with microbial pathogen responsible for its development.The investigated using various complementary techniques such as Scanning Electron Microscopy Energy Dispersive...

Abstract Infection with Campylobacter jejuni is the major cause of human gastroenteritis in United States and Europe, leading many cases to debilitating autoimmune sequelae. While considerable progress has been made detailing infectious cycle C. , a full understanding molecular mechanisms responsible for virulence remains be elucidated. Here, we apply novel approach by modulating protein expression on pathogen’s ribosomes inactivating highly conserved rRNA methyltransferase. Loss RsmA...