Chronic kidney disease (CKD) is closely linked to the aging process, making identification of protein biomarkers that reflect in specific organs and tissues crucial for a deeper understanding this phenomenon. This study aimed identify potential aging-related proteins present urine CKD patients. Utilizing liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS) proteomic analysis, we identified total 1,712 samples from both healthy controls patients our discovery cohort. Among 845...

Spermatogenesis is a complex process that involves proliferation and differentiation of diploid male germ cells into haploid flagellated sperm requires intricate interactions between testicular somatic cells. The cellular heterogeneity this presents challenge in analyzing the different cell types at various developmental stages. Single-cell RNA sequencing (scRNA-seq) provides useful tool for exploring heterogeneity. In study, we performed comprehensive unbiased single-cell transcriptomic...

Abstract Background There is no consensus as to the origin of domestic yak ( Bos grunniens ). Previous studies on mitochondria mainly focused mitochondrial displacement loop (D-loop), a region with low phylogenetic resolution. Here, we analyzed entire genomes 509 yaks obtain greater resolution and comprehensive picture geographical diversity. Results A total 278 haplotypes were defined in from 21 breeds. Among them, 28 shared by different varieties, 250 unique specific varieties. The overall...

Cattle have evolved genetic adaptations to a diverse range of agroecological zones, such as plateaus and arid zones. However, little is known about its basis adaptation harsh environments within short period time after domestication. Here, we analyzed whole-genome sequence data from three indigenous cattle breeds (Anxi, Qaidam Zhangmu) in northwest China five worldwide (Angus, Holstein, Jersey, Gir N'Dama) explore their composition identify selective sweeps the Chinese breeds. Analyses...

This study unveils the unique origins, evolution, and genetic variations of Yangba cattle, an endangered breed in China, through a comparative genomic analysis involving 202 individuals from 21 domestic international breeds. Genetic component revealed that cattle comprise four ancestral lineages: Eurasian taurine (18%), East Asian (26%), Chinese indicine (39%), Indian (17%). Their high diversity low inbreeding coefficient set them apart significantly mainstream commercial Gene introgression...

The variety of species can be efficiently increased by interspecific hybridization. However, because the males in hybrid progeny are usually sterile, this heterosis cannot employed when other cattle and yaks hybridized. While some system-level studies have sought to explore etiological basis for male cattle-yak sterility, no systematic cellular analyses phenomenon yet been performed. Here, single-cell RNA sequencing UPHLC-MS/MS targeted metabolomics methods were used study differences...

The utilization of yak milk is still in a primary stage, and the nutrition composition colostrum not systematically characterized at present. In this study, lipids, fatty acids, amino acids their derivatives, metabolites colostrum, mature were detected by non−targeted lipidomics based on (ultra high performance liquid chromatography tandem quadrupole mass spectrometer) UHPLC−MS, targeted metabolome gas chromatography−mass spectrometer (GC−MS), analysis non-targeted ultra time flight...

To study the influencing factors for coronary artery calcification (CAC) in maintenance hemodialysis (MHD) patients and relationship between CAC bone metabolism markers to attempt find a reliable marker linking vascular MHD patients.A total of 123 were enrolled. was assessed by multislice spiral computed tomography (MSCT), score (CACS) evaluated using Agaston method. Routine laboratory parameters, including triglycerides (TG), cholesterol (TC), glucose (Glu), calcium (Ca), phosphorus (P),...

Fat deposition is very important to the growth and reproduction of yaks. In this study, effect feeding system on fat in yaks was explored by transcriptomics lipidomics. The thickness subcutaneous under stall (SF) graze (GF) evaluated. transcriptomes lipidomes different systems were detected RNA-sequencing (RNA-Seq) non-targeted lipidomics based ultrahigh-phase liquid chromatography tandem mass spectrometry (UHPLC-MS), respectively. differences lipid metabolism explored, function...

The objective of this study was to investigate the effects intensive fattening with total mixed rations (TMR) on carcass characteristics, meat quality, and chemical composition yak meat. Theoretical data has been provided for evaluating quality during natural grazing short-term fattening. Based analysis, we found that in yak, weight (CWT) increased by 106.43%, whereas cooking loss, tenderness, drop loss were significantly improved due higher intramuscular fat content lower moisture ( P...

Yaks (Bos grunniens) are the only bovine species that adapt well to harsh high-altitude environment in Qinghai-Tibetan plateau. However, reproductive adaptation climate of high elevation remains be elucidated. Cell composition and molecular characteristics foundation normal ovary function which determines performance. So, delineating ovarian at a cellular level is conducive elucidating mechanism underlying adaption yaks. Here, single-cell RNA-sequencing (scRNA-seq) was employed depict an...

Percutaneous nephrolithotomy (PCNL) is the primary choice for managing large renal stones and establishment of mini-/micro-channels has been increasingly gaining practice. The smaller channel, easier it to be lost, which may require a new puncture site increase risk bleeding complications. In this study, we retrospectively reviewed 1,056 PCNL procedures in our single institute, University Hong Kong - Shenzhen Hospital, between March 2014 August 2023. Twenty-three cases nephrostomy channel...

Yak estrus is a seasonal phenomenon, probably involving epigenetic regulation of synthesis and secretion sex hormones as well growth development follicles. N6-methyladenosine (m6A) the most common internal modification eukaryotic mRNA. However, there are no detailed reports on m6A transcriptome map yak ovary. Therefore, this study aimed to collected ovarian tissues at three different states anestrus (YO-A), (YO-F), pregnancy (YO-P), obtained full in by MeRIP-seq.The HE staining revealed that...

Cattle-yak, a crossbreed of yak and cattle, which can exhibit obvious heterosis adapt to the harsh environmental conditions Qinghai Tibet Plateau (QTP). However, F1 cattle-yak were found be sterile because they unable produce sperm, adversely restricted fixation heterosis. Many prior attempts have been made decipher mechanism underlying spermatogenesis stagnation cattle-yak. open chromatin region (OCR) map testes has not generated yet. Here, we analyzed OCRs landscape testicular tissues yaks...

The ovary as one of the most dynamic organs produces steroids to orchestrate female secondary sexual characteristics, harbors ovarian reserve for oocytes, releases mature oocytes fertilization, and maintains pregnancy. Yak (Bos grunniens) is only bovid animal that can adapt harsh climatic conditions on Qinghai-Tibetan Plateau (altitudes over 3000 m above sea level). However, cellular atlas composed other somatic cells, their individual molecular characteristics remain be elucidated in yak...

Domestic yak (Bos grunniens) is the most crucial livestock in Qinghai-Tibetan Plateau, providing meat and other necessities for local people. The skeletal muscle of adult composed fibers, fiber composition has influence on qualities, such as tenderness, pH, color. Real-time quantitative polymerase chain reaction (RT-qPCR) a powerful tool to evaluate gene expression fiber, but normalization data depends stability expressed reference genes. Unfortunately, there no consensus an ideal tissues...

This study aimed to explore the differences in fat deposition between female (FYs) and male yaks (MYs). Compared with MYs, tenderness, L*, marbling, absolute content of fat, most fatty acids (FAs) longissimus dorsi (LD) FYs were higher or better (p < 0.05), whereas relative polyunsaturated (PUFAs) n-3 PUFAs lower 0.01). The C18:0, cis-C18:2, cis-C18:1, C24:0 positively correlated L*45 min, b*24 h, marbling score LD MYs respectively. LPL, FATP2, ELOVL6, HADH, HACD, PLINS genes play a...

Abstract Background Ovarian follicle fluid (FF) as a microenvironment surrounding oocyte plays critical roles in physio-biochemical processes of development and maturation. It is hypothesized that proteins yak FF participate the pathways. The primary aims this study were to find differentially expressed (DEPs) between mature immature FF, elucidating functions yak. Results samples obtained from three healthy yaks nonpregnant, aged four five years, free any anatomical reproductive disorders....

The differences of fatty acids in yak's meat under graze feeding (GF) and stall (SF) regimes the regulation mechanism system on content yak 's was explored this study. First, longissimus dorsi (LD) muscle were detected by gas liquid chromatography (GLC). Compared with GF yaks, absolute ΣSFAs, ΣMUFAs, ΣUFAs, ΣPUFAs Σn-6PUFAs SF LD higher, whereas Σn-3PUFAs lower; relative ΣPUFAs, ΣUFAs lower, ΣSFAs higher. is healthier for consumers. Further, transcriptomic lipidomics profiles mRNA-Sequencing...

Testis has an important function in male reproduction. Its development is regulated by a large number of genes. The real-time reserve transcriptase-quantitative polymerase chain reaction (RT-qPCR) useful tool to evaluate the gene expression levels. However, unsuitable reference genes (RGs) can cause misinterpretation Unfortunately, ideal RGs for yak testis are yet be studied. In this study, 13 commonly used were selected identify most stable at four different developmental stages, including...