A5088939299- Atmospheric chemistry and aerosols
- Air Quality and Health Impacts
- Plant responses to elevated CO2
- Air Quality Monitoring and Forecasting
- Atmospheric Ozone and Climate
- Atmospheric and Environmental Gas Dynamics
- Vehicle emissions and performance
- Atmospheric aerosols and clouds
- Advanced Chemical Sensor Technologies
- Indoor Air Quality and Microbial Exposure
- Odor and Emission Control Technologies
- Plant Water Relations and Carbon Dynamics
- Analytical Chemistry and Chromatography
- History and Developments in Astronomy
- Toxic Organic Pollutants Impact
- Water Quality and Pollution Assessment
- Environmental Impact and Sustainability
- Heavy metals in environment
- Astronomy and Astrophysical Research
- Water Quality Monitoring and Analysis
- Radioactivity and Radon Measurements
- Analytical chemistry methods development
- Oil Palm Production and Sustainability
- Stellar, planetary, and galactic studies
- Wind and Air Flow Studies
Lancaster University
2014-2023
King Abdulaziz University
2022
Chinese Academy of Sciences
2022
Institute of Atmospheric Physics
2022
Max Planck Institute for Chemistry
2022
Guangzhou Institute of Geochemistry
2022
Lancaster City Council
2015-2021
Government of Western Australia Department of Health
2014
Austin Health
2014
Natural Environment Research Council
2011
Numerical assessments of global air quality and potential changes in atmospheric chemical constituents require estimates the surface fluxes a variety trace gas species. We have developed model to estimate emissions volatile organic compounds from natural sources (NVOC). Methane is not considered here has been reviewed detail elsewhere. The highly resolved spatial grid (0.5°×0.5° latitude/longitude) generates hourly average emission estimates. Chemical species are grouped into four...
Vegetation provides a major source of reactive carbon entering the atmosphere. These compounds play an important role in (1) shaping global tropospheric chemistry, (2) regional photochemical oxidant formation, (3) balancing cycle, and (4) production organic acids which contribute to acidic deposition rural areas. Present estimates place total annual emission these between approximately 500 825 Tg yr −1 . The volatile olefinic compounds, such as isoprene monoterpenes, are thought constitute...
As part of the work Economic Commission for Europe United Nations Task Force on Emission Inventories, a new set guidelines has been developed assessing emissions sulphur, nitrogen oxides, NH 3 , CH 4 and nonmethane volatile organic compounds (NMVOC) from biogenic other natural sources in Europe. This paper gives background to these guidelines, describes sources, our recommended methodologies estimating emissions. We have assembled land use statistics European or national compilations present...
Street-level concentrations of nitrogen dioxide (NO(2)) and particulate matter (PM) exceed public health standards in many cities, causing increased mortality morbidity. Concentrations can be reduced by controlling emissions, increasing dispersion, or deposition rates, but little attention has been paid to the latter as a pollution control method. Both NO(2) PM are deposited onto surfaces at rates that vary according nature surface; vegetation much higher than those hard, built surfaces....
Several biogenic volatile organic compound (VOC) emission algorithms have been used, together with meteorological data from the EMEP MSC‐W ozone model, to generate estimates of emissions isoprene European forests and agricultural crops over several summer periods. The most up‐to‐date estimate combines recently updated factors United States available knowledge tree species factors. In some cases these are significantly different their U.S. equivalents because differences in represented within...
We present a quantitative analysis of global and regional food supply to reveal the flows calories, protein micro-nutrients vitamin A, iron zinc, from production through human consumption other end points. quantify extent which reductions in amount human-edible crops fed animals and, less importantly, waste, could increase supply. The current is sufficient provide enough for projected population 9.7 billion 2050, although very significant changes socio-economic conditions many (ensuring...
As evidence for the devastating impacts of air pollution on human health continues to increase, improving urban quality has become one most pressing tasks facing policy makers world-wide. Increasingly, and very often basis conflicting and/or weak evidence, introduction green infrastructure (GI) is seen as a win–win solution pollution, reducing ground-level concentrations without imposing restrictions traffic other polluting activities. The impact GI highly context dependent, with models...
Abstract. Measurements of OH, HO2, complex RO2 (alkene- and aromatic-related RO2) total radicals taken during the integrated Study AIR Pollution PROcesses in Beijing (AIRPRO) campaign central summer 2017, alongside observations OH reactivity, are presented. The concentrations were elevated, with reaching up to 2.8×107moleculecm-3, HO2 peaking at 1×109moleculecm-3 concentration 5.5×109moleculecm-3. reactivity (k(OH)) peaked 89 s−1 night, a minimum afternoon ≈22s-1 on average. An experimental...
Isoprene emission represents a significant loss of carbon to those plant species that synthesize this highly volatile and reactive compound. As tool for studying the role isoprene in physiology biochemistry, we developed transgenic tobacco plants capable emitting similar manner at rates comparable naturally species. Thermotolerance photosynthesis against transient high-temperature episodes could only be observed lines high levels isoprene; effect was very mild identified over repetitive...
A dedicated study into the formation of new particles, New Particle Formation and Fate in Coastal Environment (PARFORCE), was conducted over a period from 1998 to 1999 at Mace Head Atmospheric Research Station on western coast Ireland. Continuous measurements particle were taken 2‐year while two intensive field campaigns also conducted, one September other June 1999. events observed ∼90% days occurred throughout year all air mass types. These lasted for, typically, few hours, with some...
This paper explains our approach to the problem of pattern recognition by serial computer. The rudimentary theory vision presented here lies within framework automata theory. Our goal is classify types patterns that can be recognized an automaton scans a finite 2-dimensional tape. For example, we would like know if decide whether or not given on tape forms connected region. Although have solved number problems, failed solve this connectedness problem. merely begins describe action in higher...
Abstract. Due to its effects on the atmospheric lifetime of methane, burdens tropospheric ozone and growth secondary organic aerosol, isoprene is central among biogenic compounds that need be taken into account for assessment anthropogenic air pollution-climate change interactions. Lack process-understanding regarding leaf production as well suitable observations constrain evaluate regional or global simulation results add large uncertainties past, present future emissions estimates....
R. Friedich and A. Obermeier, Anthropogenic Emissions of Vocs. Fall, Biogenic Vocs from Higher Plants. Guenther, Modeling Voc to the Atmosphere. X.-L. Cao C.N. Hewitt, The Sampling Analysis in P. Ciccioli, E. Brancaleoni, And M. Frattoni, Reactive Hydrocarbons Atmosphere at Urban Regional Scales. B. Bonsang C. Boissard, Global Distribution R.G. Derwent, Photochemical Air Pollution. J. Seinfeld, Atmospheric Chemistry Hydrocarbons. References.
More than half the world's rainforest has been lost to agriculture since Industrial Revolution. Among most widespread tropical crops is oil palm (Elaeis guineensis): global production now exceeds 35 million tonnes per year. In Malaysia, for example, 13% of land area plantation, compared with 1% in 1974. There are enormous pressures increase food, domestic products, and, especially, biofuels. Greater use biofuel predicated on assumption that an "environmentally friendly" fuel feedstock. Here...