Retrieving a word in sentence requires speakers to overcome syntagmatic, as well paradigmatic interference. When accessing cat "The chased the string," not only are similar competitors such dog and cap activated, but also other words planned sentence, chase string. We hypothesize that both types of interference impact same stage lexical access, review connectionist models production use an error-driven learning algorithm This creates mechanism limits syntagmatic interference, syntactic...

Abstract Human neonates can discriminate phonemes, but the neural mechanism underlying this ability is poorly understood. Here we show that neonatal brain learn to natural vowels from backward vowels, a contrast unlikely have been learnt in womb. Using functional near-infrared spectroscopy, examined neuroplastic changes caused by 5 h of postnatal exposure random sequences and reversed (backward) (T1), again 2 later (T2). Neonates experimental group were trained with same stimuli as those...

Researchers have long interpreted the presence or absence of semantic interference in picture naming latencies as confirming refuting theoretical claims regarding competitive lexical selection. But inconsistent empirical results challenge any mechanistic interpretation. A behavioral experiment first verified an apparent boundary condition a blocked task: when orthogonally manipulating association type, taxonomic associations consistently elicit interference, while thematic do not. plausible...

Language production models typically characterize lexical selection as choosing the single best word to describe a concept, using competition- based algorithms implement that goal. Name agreement effects in simple picture naming have provided crucial evidence competition governs even absence of strong task demands: slow responses are linked measures response dispersion by assuming coactivated alternatives delay dominant name selection. This paper proposes strictly non-competitive parallel...

Abstract Theories of how language works have shifted from rule‐like competence accounts to more skill‐like incremental learning accounts. Under these, people acquire incrementally, through practice, and may even lose it incrementally as they competing mappings. Incremental implies that (1) a bilingual's abilities in their languages should depend on much practice each (not merely age acquisition), (2) using L2 could cause bilingual gradually “unlearn” L1. Using timed picture naming vocabulary...

This study investigates the interaction of lexical access and articulation in spoken word production, examining two dimensions along which theories vary. First, does articulatory variation reflect a fixed plan, or do access-articulatory interactions continue after response initiation? Second, to what extent are interactive mechanisms hard-wired properties production system, as opposed flexible? In picture naming experiments, we used semantic neighbour manipulations induce conceptual...

Abstract Embodied cognition posits that processing concepts requires sensorimotor activation. Previous research has shown perceived power is spatially embodied along the vertical axis. However, it unclear whether such mapping applies equally in two languages of bilinguals. Using event‐related potentials, we compared spatial embodiment correlates participants reporting source auditory words as being presented from above or below their sitting position. English bilinguals responded faster for...

Abstract In their paper “Do Bilinguals Automatically Activate Their Native Language When They Are Not Using it?”, Costa, Pannunzi, Deco, and Pickering ( Cognitive Science , 2017) proposed a reinterpretation of Thierry Wu's (2004, 2007) finding native language‐based (Chinese, L1) ERP effects when they tested Chinese–English late bilinguals exclusively in second language (English, L2). simulations six‐node Hebbian learning model (three L1 nodes, three L2 nodes), Costa et al. suggested that...

One of the major debates in field word production is whether lexical selection competitive or not. For nearly half a century, semantic interference effects picture naming latencies have been claimed as evidence for (relative threshold) models selection, while facilitation non-competitive (simple instead. In this paper, we use computational modeling approach to compare consequences and noncompetitive algorithms blocked cyclic latencies, combined with two approaches representing taxonomic...

Speech errors and naming latencies provide two complementary sets of behavioural data for understanding language production processes. A recent analytical trend—applied to intact impaired alike—highlights a link between specific features correct picture latency distributions the retrieval processes thought underlie them. Although chronometric approaches typically consider response times in isolation, adequately accounting their error-prone situations requires also considering that sometimes...

Purpose Using a blocked cyclic picture-naming task, we compared accuracy and error patterns across languages for Spanish-English bilingual children with without developmental language disorder (DLD). Method Pictured stimuli were manipulated semantic similarity two (Same Mixed) category contexts. Children's productions scored off-line accuracy, frequency, type. Results Typically developing more accurate produced fewer errors than their peers DLD; however, this was moderated by task context....