Rapid responses to emotional words play a crucial role in social communication. This study employed event-related potentials examine the time course of neural dynamics involved word processing. Participants performed dual-target task which positive, negative and neutral adjectives were rapidly presented. The early occipital P1 was found larger when elicited by words, indicating that first stage processing mainly differentiates between non-threatening potentially threatening information. N170...

The dorsolateral prefrontal cortex (DLPFC) and ventrolateral PFC (VLPFC) are both crucial structures involved in voluntary emotional regulation. However, it remains unclear whether the functions of these two cortical regions that regulation, which usually active non-social situations, could be generalized to regulation social pain as well. This study employed transcranial magnetic stimulation (TMS) examine causal relationship between DLPFC/VLPFC via distraction reappraisal. Ninety human...

Abstract The ventrolateral prefrontal cortices (VLPFC) are crucial regions involved in voluntary emotion regulation. However, the lateralization of VLPFC downregulating negative emotions remains unclear; and whether causal role is generalizable to upregulating positive unexplored. This study used transcranial magnetic stimulation (TMS) examine relationship between left/right social reappraisal. One hundred twenty participants were randomly assigned either active (left right groups, n =...

Evidence indicates that cognitive function is influenced by potential environmental factors. We aimed to determine the variables influencing function. Our study included 164,463 non-demented adults (89,644 [54.51%] female; mean [SD] age, 56.69 [8.14] years) from UK Biobank who completed four assessments at baseline. 364 were finally extracted for analysis through a rigorous screening process. performed univariate analyses identify significantly associated with each in two equal-sized split...

Impulsivity, which is linked to a wide range of psychiatric disorders, often characterized by preference for immediate but smaller rewards over delayed larger rewards. However, debate exists on the relationship between anxiety and impulsivity. Here we use event-related potential (ERP) components as biomarkers in temporal discounting task examine effect inter-temporal decision-making. Our behavioral results indicated that high trait (HTA) group made significantly more choices than low (LTA)...

Inhibitory control is a core executive function module that monitors and suppresses inappropriate behavior. deficits have been observed in different addiction types (e.g., smoking, alcohol, drug gambling). The excessive use of social networking sites (SNSs) has attracted increasing attention; however, it unknown whether inhibitory impaired SNS users. This study used event-related potentials an SNS-related Go-Nogo task to investigate Although the behavioral data did not show any significant...

Abstract Human neonates can discriminate phonemes, but the neural mechanism underlying this ability is poorly understood. Here we show that neonatal brain learn to natural vowels from backward vowels, a contrast unlikely have been learnt in womb. Using functional near-infrared spectroscopy, examined neuroplastic changes caused by 5 h of postnatal exposure random sequences and reversed (backward) (T1), again 2 later (T2). Neonates experimental group were trained with same stimuli as those...

A clear understanding of the neural circuit underlying emotion regulation (ER) is important for both basic and translational research. However, a lack evidence based on combined neuroimaging neuromodulation techniques calls into question (1) whether change prefrontal-subcortical activity intrinsically causally contributes to ER effect; (2) prefrontal control system directly modulates subcortical affective system. Accordingly, we fMRI recordings with transcranial magnetic stimulation (TMS)...

This study investigated the attention modulation of disgust in comparison with anger a dot-probe task. Results indicated two-stage processing by threats. When participants viewed cues that were represented Chinese faces (i.e. in-group condition), it was found at early stage an angry face elicited larger occipital P1 component whereas disgusted smaller for validly than invalidly cued targets. However, result pattern reversed later stage: P3 amplitudes valid but cues, when both compared...

Abstract Background Growing evidence has indicated that right ventrolateral prefrontal cortex (RVLPFC) is critical in down-regulating emotional responses to social exclusion, and depression accompanied by dysregulation associated with reduced lateral engagement. This study used anodal transcranial direct current stimulation (tDCS) examine whether stimulating RVLPFC could improve down-regulation of exclusion individuals high depressive mood (DM). Methods A total 96 94 low DM received active...

Reward dysfunction is a major dimension of depressive symptomatology, but it remains obscure if that varies across different reward types. In this study, we focus on the abnormalities in anticipatory/consummatory processing monetary and social associated with symptoms.Forty participants symptoms forty normal controls completed incentive delay (MID) (SID) tasks event-related potential (ERP) recording.In SID not MID task, both behavioral hit rate ERP component contingent negative variation...

Abstract Previous studies have demonstrated that the right ventrolateral prefrontal cortex (RVLPFC) is crucially involved in downregulating physical and social pain. However, it remains unclear whether RVLPFC more specific to either or The present study compares role of emotion regulation physical‐ social‐pain conditions using repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation (rTMS). A total 60 healthy participants underwent active ( n = 30) sham rTMS over RVLPFC. Following each TMS session,...

Abstract Social anxiety has been associated with abnormalities in cognitive processing the literature, manifesting as various biases. To what extent these biases interrupt social interactions remains largely unclear. This study used Judgment Paradigm that could separate expectation and experience stages of feedback processing. Event-related potentials (ERPs) two were recorded to detect effect might not be reflected by behavioral data. Participants divided into groups according their level....

Abstract Depression has been reliably associated with abnormalities in the neural representation of reward and loss. However, most studies have focused on monetary incentives; fewer considered social incentives. A direct comparison non-social incentives within same study would establish whether responses to different are differentially affected depression. The functional magnetic resonance imaging presented here investigated activity individuals subthreshold depression (SD) healthy controls...

Neuropsychology and cognitive neuroscience have shown that anxious individuals deficits in response inhibition. However, existing knowledge about the influence of trait anxiety on inhibition is still inconsistent. The aim this study was to investigate between groups with high (HTA) low (LTA). Here, we used event-related potential (ERP) indexes as biomarkers examine effect using Go/NoGo task. Behavioral results indicated HTA group made significantly lower accuracy than did LTA NoGo condition...

The ventrolateral prefrontal cortex (VLPFC) plays a pivotal role in emotion regulation, yet the effectiveness of neurofeedback (NF) training targeting VLPFC remains uncertain, suggesting significant individual differences outcomes. In this study, we aimed to clarify these by enrolling 90 participants, randomly assigned either an experimental group or sham (n = 48/42). Participants underwent VLPFC-NF over eight sessions across two consecutive days, while those received random signals from...

The dorsolateral prefrontal cortex (DLPFC) and ventrolateral (VLPFC) are central to cognitive reappraisal, yet the mechanisms underlying their collaboration remain unclear. This study uses transcranial alternating current stimulation (tACS) modulate neural synchrony between DLPFC VLPFC in theta band, aiming elucidate effects of synchronous versus asynchronous interaction on reappraisal. It also examines whether these unique reappraisal or extend other emotion regulation strategies. In...

Rapid detection of evolutionarily relevant threats (e.g., fearful faces) is important for human survival. The ability to rapidly detect faces exhibits high variability across individuals. present study aimed investigate the relationship between behavioral and brain activity, using both event-related potential (ERP) oscillation (ERO) measurements. Faces with or neutral facial expressions were presented 17 ms 200 in a backward masking paradigm. Forty-two participants required discriminate...