A5026589415- Wildlife Ecology and Conservation
- Genetic diversity and population structure
- Animal Ecology and Behavior Studies
- Plant and animal studies
- Ecology and Vegetation Dynamics Studies
- Genetic and phenotypic traits in livestock
- Identification and Quantification in Food
- Ecology and biodiversity studies
- Insect-Plant Interactions and Control
- Fish Ecology and Management Studies
- Species Distribution and Climate Change
- Environmental DNA in Biodiversity Studies
- Forest Insect Ecology and Management
- Lepidoptera: Biology and Taxonomy
- Parasite Biology and Host Interactions
- Marine animal studies overview
- Insect and Pesticide Research
- Climate change and permafrost
- Indigenous Studies and Ecology
- Study of Mite Species
- Fire effects on ecosystems
- Arctic and Antarctic ice dynamics
- Cryospheric studies and observations
- Rangeland and Wildlife Management
- Forensic and Genetic Research
Norwegian Institute of Bioeconomy Research
2015-2024
Nortransport (Norway)
2020
NILU
2012-2015
UiT The Arctic University of Norway
2003-2013
University of Oslo
1972-2006
1 Range expansions mediated by recent climate warming have been documented for many insect species, including some important forest pests. However, whether change also influences the eruptive dynamics of pest insects, and hence ecological economical consequences outbreaks, is largely unresolved. 2 Using historical outbreak records covering more than a century, we document range two species cyclic geometrid moth, Operophtera brumata Bkh. (winter moth) Epirrita autumnata L. (autumnal moth), in...
Species range displacements owing to shifts in temporal associations between trophic levels are expected consequences of climate warming. Climate-induced expansions have been shown for two irruptive forest defoliators, the geometrids Operophtera brumata and Epirrita autumnata, causing more extensive damage sub-Arctic Fennoscandia. Here, we document a rapid northwards expansion novel geometrid, Agriopis aurantiaria, into same region, with aim providing insights mechanisms underlying recent...
Abstract Population-genomic studies can shed new light on the effect of past demographic processes contemporary population structure. We reassessed phylogeographical patterns a classic model species postglacial recolonisation, brown bear ( Ursus arctos ), using range-wide resequencing dataset 128 nuclear genomes. In sharp contrast to erratic geographical distribution mtDNA and Y-chromosomal haplotypes, autosomal X-chromosomal multi-locus datasets indicate that structure is largely explained...
Brown and polar bears have become prominent examples in phylogeography, but previous phylogeographic studies relied largely on maternally inherited mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) or were geographically restricted. The male-specific Y chromosome, a natural counterpart to mtDNA, has remained underexplored. Although this paternally chromosome is indispensable for comprehensive analyses of patterns, technical difficulties low variability hampered its application most mammals. We developed 13 novel...
Large carnivores were persecuted to near extinction during the last centuries, but have now recovered in some countries. It has been proposed earlier that recovery of Northern European brown bear is supported by migration from Russia. We tested this hypothesis obtaining for first time continuous sampling whole Finnish population, which located centrally between Russian and Scandinavian populations. The population assumed experience high gene flow Karelia. If so, no or a low degree genetic...
Polar bears have experienced a rapid loss of sea-ice habitat in the Barents Sea. Monitoring this subpopulation focuses on effects polar bear demography. In August 2015, we conducted survey Norwegian Arctic to estimate numbers and reveal population substructure. DNA profiles from biopsy samples ear tags identified photographs revealed that about half Svalbard, compared only 4.5% pack ice north archipelago, were recognized recaptures. The recaptured had originally been marked mostly spring....
Abstract Aim Climatic changes during the Late Pleistocene had major impacts on populations of plant and animal species. Brown bears other large mammals are likely to have experienced analogous ecological pressures phylogeographical processes. Here, we address several unresolved issues regarding demography brown bears: (1) putative locations refugia; (2) direction migrations across Eurasia into North America; (3) parallels with demographic histories wild modern humans. Location America....
There is a growing recognition of the importance indirect effects from hunting on wildlife populations, e.g. social and behavioural changes due to harvest, which occur after initial offtake. Nonetheless, little known about how removal members population influences spatial configuration survivors. We studied surviving brown bears (Ursus arctos) used former home ranges that had belonged casualties annual bear season in southcentral Sweden (2007-2015). resource selection functions explore...
Abstract We explored Hamilton and Brown's autumn signalling hypothesis in mountain birch ( Betula pubescens ). As predicted by the hypothesis, early colour change (i.e. high degree of colouration September) was negatively correlated with insect damage following season. Furthermore, as expected, indices physiological stress leaf fluctuating asymmetry) reproductive investment catkin production) were positively Indirectly, we also found support for idea that proposed handicap signal senescence)...
Noninvasively collected genetic data can be used to analyse large-scale connectivity patterns among populations of large predators without disturbing them, which may contribute unravel the species' roles in natural ecosystems and their requirements for long-term survival. The demographic history brown bears (Ursus arctos) Northern Europe indicates several extinction recolonization events, but little is known about present gene flow between east west. We 12 validated microsatellite markers...
Projections by the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC) and sea ice forecasts suggest that Arctic will decline markedly in coming decades. Expected effects entire ecosystem include a contraction of suitable polar bear habitat into one or few refugia. Such large-scale fragmentation could lead to reduced genetic diversity. Here we compare variability four vagrant bears reached Iceland with recognized subpopulations from across range, examining 23 autosomal microsatellites,...
Abstract Ongoing Arctic greening can increase productivity and reindeer pasture quality in the tundra. However, may also entail proliferation of unpalatable species, with consequences for pastoral social-ecological systems. Here we show extensive across 20 districts Norway between 2003 2020, which has reduced diversity. The allelopathic, evergreen dwarf-shrub crowberry increased its biomass by 60%, smaller increases deciduous shrubs no forbs graminoids, most species rich growth forms. There...
Climatic change is expected to affect the extent and severity of geometrid moth outbreaks, a major disturbance factor in sub‐arctic birch forests. Previous studies have reported that two species involved, autumnal winter moth, differ their temperature requirements and, consequently, altitudinal latitudinal distribution patterns. In this study, we document outbreaks large coastal area northern Norway. We show that, present outbreak, defoliated stands were seen as distinct zones with rather...
Recovery of natural populations occurs often with simultaneous or subsequent range expansions. According to population genetic theory, structuring emerges at the expansion front together decreasing diversity, owing multiple founder events. Thereupon, as proceeds and connectivity among is established, homogenization a resurgence diversity are be expected. Few studies have used fine temporal scale combined sampling track expansions they proceed in wild animal populations. As experiment,...
Abstract The number of effective breeders ( N b ) and population size e are parameters reflective evolutionary potential, susceptibility to stochasticity, viability. We have estimated these using the linkage disequilibrium‐based approach with LDNE through latest phase recovery brown bears Ursus arctos in Finland (1993–2010; = 621). This was recently documented be associated major changes genetic composition. In particular, differentiation between northern southern cluster declined rapidly...
Climatically driven Moran effects have often been invoked as the most likely cause of regionally synchronized outbreaks insect herbivores without identifying exact mechanism. However, degree match between host plant and larval phenology is crucial for growth survival many spring-feeding pest insects, suggesting that a phenological match/mismatch-driven effect may act synchronizing agent. We analyse phase-dependent spatial dynamics defoliation caused by cyclically outbreaking geometrid moths...
Loss of Arctic sea ice owing to climate change is predicted reduce both genetic diversity and gene flow in ice-dependent species, with potentially negative consequences for their long-term viability. Here, we tested the population-genetic impacts reduced cover on polar bear ( Ursus maritimus ) sampled across two decades (1995–2016) from Svalbard Archipelago, Norway, an area that affected by rapid loss Barents Sea. We analysed variation at 22 microsatellite loci 626 bears four sampling areas...
Many aposematic prey combine their visual warning signals with additional signals.Together, these constitute a multimodal or multicomponent display.The are thought to increase the effects of on predators.Olfactory much emphasized, but later studies have shown that also auditory like buzzing certain insects might effects.The wasp displays typical signals, black and yellow stripes, does emit characteristic buzzing.We wanted test if, in what way, acoustic display has an aversive function...