In the late stages of global dispersal dogs, dingoes appear in Australian archaeological record 3500 years BP, and dogs were one three domesticates brought with colonization Polynesia, but introduction routes to this region remain unknown. This also relates questions about human history, such as what extent Polynesian culture was introduced Austronesian expansion from Taiwan or adopted en route, whether pre-Neolithic Australia culturally influenced by surrounding Neolithic world. We...

Polfus, J. L., M. Manseau, D. Simmons, Neyelle, W. Bayha, F. Andrew, L. C. Klütsch, K. Rice, and P. Wilson. 2016. Łeghágots'enetę (learning together): the importance of indigenous perspectives in identification biological variation. Ecology Society 21(2):18.http://dx.doi.org/10.5751/ES-08284-210218

Dogs were present in pre-Columbian America, presumably brought by early human migrants from Asia. Studies of free-ranging village/street dogs have indicated almost total replacement these original European dogs, but the extent to which Arctic, North and South American breeds are descendants population remains be assessed. Using a comprehensive phylogeographic analysis, we traced origin mitochondrial DNA lineages for Inuit, Eskimo Greenland Alaskan Malamute, Chihuahua, xoloitzcuintli perro...

The global distribution of the grey wolf (Canis lupus) is a complex assembly consisting large number populations and described subspecies. How these lineages are related to one another still not fully resolved, largely due fact that geographical regions remain poorly sampled both at core periphery species' range. Analyses ancient wolves have also suffered from uneven sampling, but shown indications major turnover some point during Pleistocene-Holocene boundary in northern North America. Here...

Large areas of peatlands have been drained for agricultural and forestry purposes due to human activities. This drainage disrupts the natural hydrology peatlands, leading increased peat decomposition turning these ecosystems into significant sources greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions. Since 1930s, extensive peatland in northern Norway converted land. To mitigate GHG emissions while maintaining biomass production, various management practices, including rewetting, are being promoted peatlands....

The identification of species using molecular characters is a promising approach in alpha taxonomy and any discipline depending on reliable assignment specimens. Previous studies have shown the feasibility method, but considerable controversy persists. In this study, we use pholcid spiders an effort to address two main issues. First, evaluate calibrate (re‐)identification within closely related group organisms by specimens that are morphologically unambiguously either conspecific or not....

Glacial refugia considerably shaped the phylogeographical structure of species and may influence intra-specific morphological, genetic, adaptive differentiation. However, impact Quaternary ice ages on North American temperate mammalian is not well-studied. Here, we surveyed ∼1600 individuals widely distributed woodland caribou (Rangifer tarandus caribou) using mtDNA control region sequences to investigate if glacial contributed in this subspecies. Phylogenetic tree reconstruction, a...

Abstract Aim Glacial‐interglacial cycles influenced the contemporary genetic structure of many North American species. While phylogeographical lineage divergence among Pleistocene refugia has been proposed as a significant driver subspecific and ecotypic differentiation, emerging evidence highlights role diversification within in producing post‐glacial variation. Caribou ( Rangifer tarandus ) exhibit morphological, ecological behavioural phenotypic variation occurred Beringian sub‐Laurentide...

Understanding the evolutionary history of contemporary animal groups is essential for conservation and management endangered species like caribou ( Rangifer tarandus ). In central Canada, ranges two subspecies (barren-ground/woodland caribou) woodland ecotypes (boreal/eastern migratory) overlap. Our objectives were to reconstruct eastern migratory ecotype assess potential role introgression in evolution. STRUCTURE analyses identified five higher order (i.e. three boreal populations,...

Abstract Pleistocene glacial cycles influenced the diversification of high‐latitude wildlife species through recurrent periods range contraction, isolation, divergence, and expansion from refugia subsequent admixture refugial populations. We investigate population size changes introgressive history caribou ( Rangifer tarandus ) in western Canada using 33 whole genome sequences coupled with larger‐scale mitochondrial data. found that a major occurred starting around 110,000 years ago (kya),...

Loss of Arctic sea ice owing to climate change is predicted reduce both genetic diversity and gene flow in ice-dependent species, with potentially negative consequences for their long-term viability. Here, we tested the population-genetic impacts reduced cover on polar bear ( Ursus maritimus ) sampled across two decades (1995–2016) from Svalbard Archipelago, Norway, an area that affected by rapid loss Barents Sea. We analysed variation at 22 microsatellite loci 626 bears four sampling areas...

The domestic dog mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA)-gene pool consists of a homogenous mix haplogroups shared among all populations worldwide, indicating that the originated at single time and place. However, one small haplogroup, subclade d1, found North Scandinavian/Finnish spitz breeds frequencies above 30%, has clearly separate origin. We studied genetic geographical diversity for this phylogenetic group to investigate where when it whether through independent domestication wolf or dog-wolf...

Habitat discontinuity, anthropogenic disturbance, and overharvesting have led to population fragmentation decline worldwide. Preservation of remaining natural genetic diversity is crucial avoid continued erosion. Brown trout (Salmo trutta L.) an ideal model species for studying influences on integrity, as it has experienced significant alterations throughout its distribution range due habitat fragmentation, overexploitation, translocations, stocking. The Pasvik River a subarctic riverine...

Abstract With increasing human activities and associated landscape changes, distributions of terrestrial mammals become fragmented. These changes in distribution are often with reduced population sizes loss genetic connectivity diversity (i.e., erosion) which may further diminish a species' ability to respond changing environmental conditions lead local extinctions. We studied threatened boreal caribou ( Rangifer tarandus ) populations across their Ontario/Manitoba (Canada) assess areas high...

Conservation and management of large carnivores requires knowledge female male dispersal. Such information is crucial to evaluate the population’s status thus actions. This challenging obtain, often incomplete contradictory at times. The size target population methods applied can bias results. Also, history biological or environmental influences affect dispersal on different scales within a study area. We have genotyped Eurasian lynx (180 males 102 females, collected 2003–2017) continuously...

The lumpfish Cyclopterus lumpus is commercially exploited in numerous areas of its range the North Atlantic Ocean, and important salmonid aquaculture as a biological agent for controlling sea lice. Despite economic importance, few genetic resources downstream applications, such linkage mapping, parentage analysis, marker-assisted selection (MAS), quantitative trait loci (QTL) assessing adaptive diversity are currently available species. Here, we identify both genome- transcriptome-derived...

We determined the mitogenome of Cyclopterus lumpus using a hybrid sequencing approach, and another four closely related species in Liparidae based on available next-generation sequence data. found that C. was 17,266 bp length, where length organisation were comparable to those reported for cottoids. However, we GC-homopolymer region intergenic space between tRNALeu2 ND1 liparids cyclopterids. Phylogenetic reconstruction confirmed monophyly infraorders firmly supported sister-group...

Abstract Aim Effective management of non‐indigenous species requires knowledge their dispersal factors and founder events. We aim to identify the main environmental drivers favouring events along invasion gradient characterize spatial patterns genetic diversity in feral populations non‐native pink salmon within its epicentre Norway. Location Mainland Norway North Atlantic Basin. Methods first conducted SDM using four modelling techniques with varying levels complexity, which encompassed both...

Farmed American mink (Neovison vison (Schreber, 1777)) pose a risk to biodiversity owing escape and release from farms. Feral may affect native species in locations where are not endemic, such as Europe. In contrast, escaping domestic hybridize with wild North America, leading introgression of traits via hybrid-mediated gene flow. We tested this idea eastern Canada, which has history farming. sampled known free-ranging mink, profiled 508 individuals at 15 microsatellite loci. found that 33%...

Abstract Aim The presence of refugia in the Canadian High Arctic has been subject to debate for decades. We investigated potential existence during Pleistocene a large mammal species Archipelago because if these were present, reconsideration evolutionary histories North American fauna and flora beyond major Beringia south Laurentide Cordilleran Ice Sheets would be required. Peary caribou ( Rangifer tarandus pearyi ), identified as subspecies based on morphological characteristics, inhabits...