Path loss prediction is a crucial aspect of designing and operating wireless communication systems, especially in the millimetre-waves (mmWaves) frequency bands. However, these bands are associated with climate-related challenges: rain attenuation, free space path loss. To address challenges, an advanced stacking ensemble-regression machine learning (SEML) model automated hyperparameter tuning (AHT) was proposed. The AHT-SEML leverages multiple base regressors integrated meta-regressor....

Path loss models are essential in the planning of wireless networks. However, peculiar ambient characteristics geographical locations necessitate a wide range these to take into consideration different terrain dielectric, scattering irregularities, and clutter. This study investigates effects clutter on frequency‐dependent path very high frequency (VHF) ultra (UHF) bands using multi‐transmitter scenarios. Seven transmitters 15 measurement routes were covered an Agilent N9342C spectrum...

Rain attenuation is a major source of impairment to signal propagation at microwave and millimeter wave bands. The procedures for the estimation rain values as regard signals however rely mainly on 1-minute rate statistics, particularly those obtained locally from experimental measurement campaigns over given location. In this paper, we present recent results statistics required satellite terrestrial link designs, 2-year Akure, Nigeria. performance selected models; Rice- Holmberg (RH) model,...

Information systems in organizations traditionally require users to remember their secret pins (password), token, card number, or both confirm identities. However, the technological trend has been moving towards personal identification based on individual behavioural attributes (such as gaits, signature, and voice) physiological palmprint, fingerprint, face, iris, ear). These (biometrics) offer many advantages over knowledge possession-based approaches. For example, palmprint images have...

In this work, signal path loss prediction from nine different empirical models were statistically compared with those measured four television transmitters along five routes that span through urban and rural environments of Osun State, Nigeria. respect, results obtained show both Hata Davidson provide best fit consistently the measurement 90% to 98% accuracy, Ilorin, CCIR, Cost 231, Ericsson 9999 ECC-33 accuracy within range 65% 80% while SUI Okumura offer 15% 21%. Generally have better in...

This paper presents the comparison of existing rain rate models with three years one minute average obtained using a vertically looking micro radar. The improved Moupfouma model showed good agreement measured rate. Rain attenuation for selected broadcast satellites varying look angles was also estimated. satellite lowest antenna elevation accounts highest induced attenuation. Finally, recent experimental efforts on beacon signal measurement extensive modeling satellite-earth link are presented.

Propagation models are useful tools for communication system planning and optimization of the radio spectrum which is a limited natural resource. An investigation on suitable propagation model Ilorin (8°30'N, 4°33'E), sub-urban area in Middle-belt Nigeria presented here. Experimental data consists electric field strength obtained through drive test two television transmitters 203.25 MHz 583.15 MHz. Validated predictions Free space, Okumura Hata were compared analytically. Result shows that...

Artificial Intelligence (AI) has received significant attention in recent years. It is being adopted to provide solutions medicine, engineering, education, government and several other domains. To analyze the state-of-the-art of research AI, we present a systematic literature review focusing on Evolution AI programming languages. Our search returned 7,604 documents; after reviewing these documents, 78 which were relevant for this study retained. revealed that prevalence language by volume...

Rain rate statistics is required for planning both satellite and terrestrial links, especially in the microwave millimeter wave bands. Presented this work one-minute rain observed over seventeen months using an electronic weather station - Davis Vantage Vue. The installation at main campus of Osun State University, Osogbo (7° 76' N, 4° 60' E), Nigeria. cumulative distribution from measured presented alongside predictions by other prominent models. R0.01 estimate as high ~ 120 mm/h was...

Agriculture has benefited greatly from improvements in Internet of Things based technology. Farm data can be sent to farmers real-time through the advent technology which integrates collection, transmission, storage and other essential components that provide for great user experience. This work involves development a system enable transmission sensor field Internet, via microcontroller, transceiver Wi-Fi module. In this work, an acquisition automatic irrigation precision agriculture was...

Knowledge on clear-air effects is of paramount importance to proper link budgeting for optimum communication systems design performances. In this paper, one-year (January - December 2013) tropospheric scintillation data are extracted from the EUTELSAT-36B Ku-band satellite measurements installed at Akure (Lat: 7.17 oN, Long: 5.18 oE, Alt: 358 m) statistical analysis and result compared with some established troposphere models in order obtain best prediction model performance region. The...

A palmprint recognition system identifies a person by using qualities that may or not be apparent to the naked eye. It has proven appropriate for variety of purposes and applications such as access control, law enforcement forensic analysis. Although there are several existing systems in literature, they mostly developed based on localized database, thus querying optimality other locations. Due sparsity publicly accessible image databases black people, we built non-contact database...

Abstract The Universal Software Radio Peripheral (USRP) and GNU framework have a wide range of applications are actively in use for teaching, research practical deployment various trending wireless technologies. In this work, we explore the relationships between power outputs USRP B200 device its operating frequencies Hardware Driver (UHD) gains. These not precisely specified on datasheet, thereby hindering prompt design experimentation decisions among Defined Cognitive (SDCR) researchers. A...

The dynamic weather condition is a major concern for optimum channel utilization in recent times, especially at higher frequencies with larger bandwidth 5G applications. Over the years, rain-induced attenuation among hydrometeors has been linked as cause of signal impairment frequency, f ≥ 10 GHz. However, when > 18 GHz, significant impact other hydrometeors; cloud/fog, and scintillation increases tremendously, Low Earth Orbit, LEO satellites. satellites find applications fibre optics...

This study investigates the impact of rainfall on reception digital satellite television in Ku-band over Akure, Nigeria (latitude 7.17° N and longitude 5.18° E). The signals is received downlink EUTELSAT W4/W7, which geo-located at 36° E. For content 12.245 GHz an elevation angle 53.2°, preliminary results presented 2-year attenuation measurement. Result shows that rain rate exceeded 0.01 % time 120 mm/h. prevailing evidenced squelching signal its complete loss intensities above 64

Bots (social robots) are computer programs that replicate human behavior in online social networks. They either fully automated or semi-automated, and their use makes activism vulnerable to manipulation. This study examines the existence of robots #FeesMustFall movement by conducting a scientific investigation into whether bots were present form Twitter cyborgs. A total 576,823 tweets posted between 15 October 2015 10 April 2017 cleaned, with 490,449 analyzed for 90,783 unique persons. Three...

In this paper, five globally recognised rain attenuation models for slant path communication are considered in order to compute the amount of and obtain optimal North Central region Nigeria. The Bryant, Garcia-Lopez, ITU-R P.618-9, Simple Attenuation Svjatogor. These were evaluated at Ku Ka-bands three elevation angles 55o, 42.5o 23o. 5-minute integration time rainfall data obtained from Tropospheric Data Acquisition Network (TRODAN), Anyigba, Nigeria was converted 1-minute using Lavergnat...

The influence of critical raindrop diameters on the specific rainfall attenuation in Durban (29<sup>o</sup>52'S, 30<sup>o</sup>58'E), South Africa using various regimes is analyzed this paper. Different rain rate values representing drizzle, widespread, shower and thunderstorm are selected for purpose analysis over measured size distribution. three-parameter lognormal gamma DSD models with shape parameter 2 used to estimate parameters required investigate drop sizes...

The influence of critical raindrop diameters on the specific rainfall attenuation in Durban (29<sup>o</sup>52'S, 30<sup>o</sup>58'E), South Africa using various regimes is analyzed this paper. Different rain rate values representing drizzle, widespread, shower and thunderstorm are selected for purpose analysis over measured size distribution. three-parameter lognormal gamma DSD models with shape parameter 2 used to estimate parameters required investigate drop sizes...

Due to the prevailing impact of rain on microwave and millimetre wave propagation in tropical climates, fade margins derived from experimental campaigns would provide more practical estimates for planning. In this paper, extent work done assessment attenuation induced by earth-space links Nigeria is presented. The cumulative rate distributions instantaneous precipitation indices modelling estimation margin presented Ile-Ife, Akure, Ilorin, Ota, Osogbo Ogbomoso. Results reveals spatial...