A series of nanoscale chemical patterning methods based on soft and hybrid nanolithographies have been characterized using scanning electron microscopy with corroborating evidence from tunneling lateral force microscopy. We demonstrate discuss the unique advantages microscope as an analytical tool to image patterns molecules highly diluted within a host self-assembled monolayer distinguish regions differential mass coverage in patterned monolayers. show that relative contrast micrographs...

Thin films can integrate the versatility and great potential found in emerging field of metal-organic frameworks directly into device architectures. For fabrication smart interfaces containing surface-anchored frameworks, it is important to understand how foundational layers form create interface between underlying substrate porous framework. Herein, formation morphology first ten cycles film deposition are investigated for well-studied HKUST-1 system. Effects processing variables, such as...

Tetrahedrite, a promising thermoelectric material composed of earth-abundant elements, has been fabricated utilizing the rapid and low energy modified polyol process. Synthesis demonstrated for undoped zinc-doped tetrahedrite samples on gram scale requiring only 1 h at 220 °C. This method is capable incorporating dopants producing particles in 50–200 nm size regime. For determination bulk properties, powders produced by this solution-phase were densified into pellets spark plasma sintering....

Self-assembled monolayers (SAMs) of carborane isomers with different dipole moments passivate germanium to modulate surface work function while maintaining chemical environment and energy. To identify head groups capable monolayer formation on surfaces, we studied thiol-, hydroxyl-, carboxyl-terminated carboranes. These films were successfully formed carboxylic acid instead the archetypal thiol, suggesting that cluster significantly affects headgroup reactivity. Film characterization...

Tetrahedrite (Cu12Sb4S13) is an earth-abundant and nontoxic compound with prospective applications in green energy technologies such as thermoelectric waste heat recycling or photovoltaic power generation. A facile, one-pot solution-phase modified polyol method has been developed that produces high-purity nanoscale tetrahedrite products exceptional stoichiometric phase control. This used here to produce phase-pure quaternary quintenary nanoparticles doped on the Cu-site Zn, Fe, Ni, Mn, Co....

For direct integration into device architectures, surface–anchored metal–organic framework (surMOF) thin films are attractive systems for a wide variety of electronic, photonic, sensing, and gas storage applications. This research systematically investigates the effect deposition method surface functionalization on film formation copper paddle-wheel-based surMOF. Solution-phase layer-by-layer (LBL) immersion LBL spray methods employed to deposit benzene-1,4-dicarboxylate (Cu-BDC) gold...

This is the last of three articles about campaign to abate smoke in cities England which began early 19th century and culminated Clean Air Act 1956. It describes third sustained wave activity by lobbies for abatement way public conscience was raised a level made it practicable bring laws control domestic as well industrial smoke. The impediments this evolution opinion were (a) social: Englishman's sentimental attachment an inefficient wasteful heat cook his home; (b) technological: practical...

Here we present an automated angle-scanning surface plasmon resonance imaging (SPRi) instrument which provides multiplexed, quantitative reflectance data over a wide angular range. Angle-dependent artifacts, arise from the simple optical setup, are corrected using software. This enables monitoring of significantly different coatings in many solvents, would be outside dynamic range typical fixed-angle instruments. Operation visible to near-infrared without need for reconfiguration extends...

The combination of self-, directed, and positional assembly techniques, i.e., “bottom up” fabrication, will be essential for patterning connecting future nanodevices. Systematic exploration local intermolecular interactions on surfaces permit their exploitation the rational design molecular-scale surface structures. We use scanning tunneling microscope to probe behavior self-assembled films at nanometer scale. ability control molecular placement within by monolayers is a means surfaces. A...

Chemists rely on a toolbox of robust chemical transformations for selectively modifying molecules with spatial and functional precision to make them more complex in controllable predictable manner. This manuscript describes proof-of-principle experiments conceptually analogous strategy involving the selective, stepwise, spatially controlled modification inorganic nanostructures. The key concept is orthogonal reactivity: one component multicomponent system reacts particular reagent under...

The combination of conventional lithographic techniques with chemical self-assembly allows for the creation nanostructures whose spacing and edge resolution reach nanometer-scale precision. controlled placement thickness self-assembled multilayers composed alternating layers α,ω-mercaptoalkanoic acids coordinated metal ions form precise “molecular ruler” resists that enable production tailored lithographically defined patterns. Initial structures created by are referred to as parents...

* Acknowledgements Introduction The Latent Estate: 1815--50 Contrasts of North and South Patterns Paternalism Discipline Student Response Verdicts the Royal Commission 1826--30 Scottish Example Students' Representative Council Participation Recognition Awakening in Organisation Statutory recognition University Government A False Start Cohesion National Co-ordination Union Students In Search an Identity Blueprint for Future Flowering Estate Post-war Readjustment Corporate Opinion Partnership...

Abstract This study investigates teaching artists whose work is rooted in dance and theater. Although the term remains both ambiguous debated, provide a good deal of arts education delivery P–12 afterschool programs throughout United States. Based on survey data from range across nation (N = 133), this presents emergent trends including: (1) lack preparation, (2) workplace issues challenges, (3) mixed attitudes regarding artist professionalization credentialing. We conclude with several...

Metal-organic frameworks (MOFs) are extremely porous, crystalline materials with high surface area for potential use in gas storage, sequestration, and separations. Toward incorporation into structures these applications, this study compares three variations of surface-bound free-standing HKUST-1 MOF structures: surface-anchored (surMOF) thin film, drop-cast bulk powder. Herein, effects ammonia interaction framework activation, which is removal guest molecules via heat, investigated. Impact...

The molecular ruler method allows the precise control of gap between a parent gold structure and deposited daughter using conveniently grown self-assembled multilayer as lithographic mask. However, we cannot choose position where should be placed, since attaches to all exposed surfaces. In this work, convenient selecting nanogaps by further patterning low-energy electron beam irradiation piranha etchant is described.

Tetrahedrite (Cu12Sb4S13) and famatinite (Cu3SbS4) are good candidates for green energy applications because they possess promising thermoelectric photovoltaic properties as well contain earth-abundant nontoxic constituents. Herein, X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), ultraviolet (UPS), electron paramagnetic resonance (EPR) methods examined inherent electronic interatomic magnetic interactions of Cu-site doped tetrahedrite nanomaterials. An energy-efficient modified polyol method was...

Thin-film formation and transport properties of two copper-paddlewheel metal–organic framework (MOF)-based systems (MOF-14 MOF-399) are investigated for their potential integration into electrochemical device architectures. analogues these fabricated by the sequential, alternating, solution-phase deposition inorganic organic ligand precursors that result in conformal films via van der Merwe-like growth. Atomic force microscopy reveals smooth film morphologies with surface roughnesses...

Surface-anchored metal–organic frameworks (surMOFs) are crystalline, nanoporous, supramolecular materials mounted to substrates that have the potential for integration within device architectures relevant a variety of electronic, photonic, sensing, and gas storage applications. This research investigates thin film formation Cu-BDC (copper benzene-1,4-dicarboxylate) MOF system on carboxylic acid-terminated self-assembled monolayer by alternating deposition solution-phase inorganic organic...

Multisegment template-grown metal nanowires have become important one-dimensional materials for a variety of applications in chemistry, physics, engineering, biology, and medicine. Segmented are traditionally fabricated anodic alumina membranes using electrodeposition, this technique is applicable to range metals, alloys, semiconductors. Here we report an alternative simple solution chemistry strategy incorporating multimetal components controllable length composition into nanowires. By...

A parallel and economical method for obtaining nanoscale features on large-area quartz substrates has been developed use in nanoimprint lithography template fabrication. Self-assembled multilayer films (molecular rulers) are used conjunction with photolithographically defined metallic to generate precise nanogaps sub-30-nm resolution substrates. These nanopatterns then transferred the using thin as etch masks.