A5039988980- Air Quality and Health Impacts
- Atmospheric chemistry and aerosols
- Air Quality Monitoring and Forecasting
- Atmospheric and Environmental Gas Dynamics
- Atmospheric Ozone and Climate
- Atmospheric aerosols and clouds
- Energy and Environment Impacts
- Climate Change and Health Impacts
- Vehicle emissions and performance
- COVID-19 impact on air quality
- Sustainable Development and Environmental Policy
- Energy, Environment, Economic Growth
- Climate Change Policy and Economics
- Fire dynamics and safety research
- Medical Imaging Techniques and Applications
- Scientific Computing and Data Management
- Noise Effects and Management
- Hydrocarbon exploration and reservoir analysis
- Radiomics and Machine Learning in Medical Imaging
- Geochemistry and Geologic Mapping
- Energy, Environment, and Transportation Policies
- Reservoir Engineering and Simulation Methods
- Climate variability and models
- Fire effects on ecosystems
- Indoor Air Quality and Microbial Exposure
Washington University in St. Louis
2020-2024
St. Francis Xavier University
2023-2024
Dalhousie University
2015-2022
National Bureau of Economic Research
2020
Exposure to outdoor fine particulate matter (PM2.5) is a leading risk factor for mortality. We develop global estimates of annual PM2.5 concentrations and trends 1998-2018 using advances in satellite observations, chemical transport modeling, ground-based monitoring. Aerosol optical depths (AODs) from advanced products including finer resolution, increased coverage, improved long-term stability are combined related surface geophysical relationships between AOD simulated by the GEOS-Chem...
Annual global satellite-based estimates of fine particulate matter (PM2.5) are widely relied upon for air-quality assessment. Here, we develop and apply a methodology monthly uncertainties during the period 1998–2019, which combines satellite retrievals aerosol optical depth, chemical transport modeling, ground-based measurements to allow characterization seasonal episodic exposure, as well aid management. Many densely populated regions have their highest PM2.5 concentrations in winter,...
Ambient fine particulate matter (PM2.5) is the world's leading environmental health risk factor. Reducing PM2.5 disease burden requires specific strategies that target dominant sources across multiple spatial scales. We provide a contemporary and comprehensive evaluation of sector- fuel-specific contributions to this 21 regions, 204 countries, 200 sub-national areas by integrating 24 global atmospheric chemistry-transport model sensitivity simulations, high-resolution satellite-derived...
With much of the world's population residing in urban areas, an understanding air pollution exposures at city level can inform mitigation approaches. Previous studies global have not considered trends pollutant concentrations nor corresponding attributable mortality burdens. We aimed to estimate fine particulate matter (PM2·5) and associated for cities globally.We use high-resolution annual average PM2·5 concentrations, epidemiologically derived concentration response functions,...
Abstract Nitrogen dioxide (NO 2 ) is an important contributor to air pollution and can adversely affect human health 1–9 . A decrease in NO concentrations has been reported as a result of lockdown measures reduce the spread COVID-19 10–20 Questions remain, however, regarding relationship satellite-derived atmospheric column data with health-relevant ambient ground-level concentrations, representativeness limited ground-based monitoring for global assessment. Here we derive spatially...
Ambient fine particulate matter (PM2.5) is the world's leading environmental health risk factor. Quantification needed of regional contributions to changes in global PM2.5 exposure. Here we interpret satellite-derived estimates over 1998-2019 and find a reversal previous growth air pollution, which quantitatively attributed from 13 regions. Global population-weighted (PW) exposure, related both pollution levels population size, increased 1998 (28.3 μg/m3) peak 2011 (38.9 decreased steadily...
We interpret in situ and satellite observations with a chemical transport model (GEOS-Chem, downscaled to 0.1° × 0.1°) understand global trends population-weighted mean composition of fine particulate matter (PM2.5). Trends observed simulated PM2.5 over 1989-2013 are highly consistent for (-2.4 vs -2.4%/yr), secondary inorganic aerosols (-4.3 -4.1%/yr), organic (OA, -3.6 -3.0%/yr) black carbon -3.9%/yr) North America, as well sulfate (-4.7 -5.8%/yr) Europe. Simulated 1998-2013 also have...
Abstract. Satellite observations of the ultraviolet aerosol index (UVAI) are sensitive to absorption solar radiation by aerosols; this affects photolysis frequencies and radiative forcing. We develop a global simulation UVAI using 3-D chemical transport model GEOS-Chem coupled with Vector Linearized Discrete Ordinate Radiative Transfer (VLIDORT). The is applied interpret from Ozone Monitoring Instrument (OMI) for year 2007. Simulated observed values highly consistent in regions where mineral...
Satellite-derived PM 2.5 concentrations are produced and examined to assess the effects of COVID-19 lockdowns on .
Abstract. The nonlinear dependence of the dust saltation process on wind speed poses a challenge for models varying resolutions. This is particular relevance next generation chemical transport with nimble capability multiple We develop and apply method to harmonize emissions across simulations different resolutions by generating offline grid-independent driven native high-resolution meteorological fields. implement into GEOS-Chem model source function generate updated emissions. These based...
Fine particulate matter (PM2.5) exposure is a leading mortality risk factor in India and the surrounding region of South Asia. This study evaluates contribution emission sectors fuels to PM2.5 mass for 29 states 6 countries (Pakistan, Bangladesh, Nepal, Bhutan, Sri Lanka, Myanmar) by combining source-specific estimates, stretched grid simulations from chemical transport model, high resolution hybrid PM2.5, disease-specific estimates. We find that 1.02 (95% Confidence Interval (CI):...
Abstract Air pollution levels are uneven within cities, contributing to persistent health disparities between neighborhoods and population sub‐groups. Highly spatially resolved information on disease rates is necessary characterize inequities in air exposure related risks. We leverage recent advances deriving surface from satellite remote sensing granular data for one city, Washington, DC, assess intra‐urban heterogeneity fine particulate matter (PM 2.5 )‐ attributable mortality morbidity....
Evidence from developed countries suggests that fine particulate matter (≤2.5 µm [PM2.5]) contributes to childhood respiratory morbidity and mortality. However, few analyses have focused on resource-limited settings, where much of this burden occurs. We aimed investigate the cross-sectional associations between annual average exposure ambient PM2.5 acute infection (ARI) in children aged <5 years living low- middle-income (LMICs).We combined Demographic Health Survey (DHS) data 35 with...
Abstract Background Indonesian peatlands have been drained for agricultural development several decades. This has made a major contribution to economic development. At the same time, peatland drainage is causing significant air pollution resulting from fires. Peatland fires occur every year, even though their extent much larger in dry (El Niño) years. We examine health effects of long-term exposure fine particles (PM 2.5 ) all types (including burning above and below ground biomass) Sumatra...
Abstract. Observations of aerosol scattering and absorption offer valuable information about composition. We apply a simulation the Ultraviolet Aerosol Index (UVAI), method detecting from satellite observations, to interpret UVAI values observed by Ozone Monitoring Instrument (OMI) 2005 2015 understand global trends in conduct our using vector radiative transfer model VLIDORT with fields chemical transport GEOS-Chem. examine 2005–2015 individual species GEOS-Chem these calculate change...
We investigate socioeconomic disparities in air quality at public schools the contiguous US using high resolution estimates of fine particulate matter (PM
Low haemoglobin (Hb) concentrations and anaemia in children have adverse effects on development functioning, some of which may consequences later life. Exposure to ambient air pollution is reported be associated with anaemia, but there little evidence specific low- middle-income countries (LMICs), where childhood prevalence greatest. We aimed determine if long-term fine particulate matter (≤2.5 μm aerodynamic diameter [PM2.5]) exposure was Hb levels the aged <5 years living 36 LMICs. used...
Few studies have investigated the association between exposure to fine particulate matter (PM2.5) and infant mortality in developing countries, especially for health effects of specific PM2.5 constituents.We aimed examine long-term constituents with 15 African countries from 2005 2015.Based on Demographic Health Surveys (DHS) dataset, we included birth history records Africa conducted a multicountry cross-sectional study associations mortality. We estimated annual residential using...
Fine particulate matter (PM2.5) exposure has been reported to adversely affect birth outcomes, but the evidence is limited, particularly in low- and middle-income countries (LMICs). We assessed associations between maternal PM2.5 low weight (LBW) preterm (PTB) Africa. used standard Demographic Health Surveys (DHS) data (2005–2015) from 15 Africa conduct a cross-sectional study. The study population was composed of 131,594 births with detailed information on household variables. LBW defined...
Undernutrition is a global public health crisis, causing nearly half of deaths for children under age 5 years. Little known regarding the impact air pollution in-utero and early childhood on outcomes related to undernutrition. The aim our study evaluate association prenatal early-life exposure PM2.5 child malnutrition as captured by height-for-age z-score (HAZ), stunting in 32 countries Africa. We also evaluated critical windows susceptibility during pregnancy each environmental risk. linked...
Abstract. Ambient fine particulate matter (PM2.5) is the leading global environmental determinant of mortality. However, large gaps exist in ground-based PM2.5 monitoring. Satellite remote sensing aerosol optical depth (AOD) offers information to help fill these worldwide when augmented with a modeled PM2.5–AOD relationship. This study aims understand spatial pattern and driving factors this relationship by examining η (PM2.5AOD) using both observations modeling. A observational estimate for...
To address and remediate severe particulate matter (PM) pollution in the North China Plain (NCP), many studies have traced sources by using fixed air quality monitoring stations. However, these monitors high maintenance costs that make it economically infeasible to construct spatially dense networks for measurement. Alternatively, satellite systems a low-cost sensor network can greatly increase spatiotemporal resolution of ground-level PM concentration data given region. This study...